金属硫蛋白与镉中毒性肝肾损害的关系

目的观察亚慢性镉中毒性肝肾损害,并初步探讨金属硫蛋白（ＭＴ）与肝肾损害的关系。方法用Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠腹腔注射０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇＣｄ２＋的ＣｄＣｌ２３次／周,共１０周,染毒后不同时期处死大鼠,观察肝肾功能变化。结果染毒６周后,大鼠出现了明显的肝肾损害,相应组织中Ｃｄ∶ＭＴ的摩尔数之比均超过７,且随染毒总剂量的增加,Ｃｄ∶ＭＴ值明显增加,病变程度加重。结论肝肾是亚慢性镉中毒的靶器官,非ＭＴ结合的镉可能是损害肝、肾的主要成分。     

热休克蛋白70抑制大鼠感染性脑水肿炎症因子的研究

为了探讨热休克蛋白７０（ＨＳＰ７０）对大鼠感染性脑水肿的保护作用,该文采用百日咳菌液所致的大鼠感染性脑水肿模型及将大鼠进行热休克处理,观察脑组织中白细胞介素１－β（ＩＬ－１β）、肿瘤坏死因子－α（ＴＮＦ－α）及一氧化氮（ＮＯ）水平的变化,并应用Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹分析检测大鼠脑组织的ＨＳＰ７０表达。结果发现感染性脑水肿脑组织ＩＬ－１β、ＴＮＦ－α及ＮＯ浓度均增高,热休克处理可降低以上三者的浓度,Ｗｅ     

膀胱非移行细胞肿瘤

目的 探讨膀胱非移行细胞肿瘤的诊断和治疗,提高该类肿瘤患者的生存率。方法 回顾性总结１９９０年１月￣１９９７年１２月收治的膀胱非移行细胞肿瘤１８例,其中良性非移行细胞肿瘤３例,恶性非移行细胞肿瘤１５例,临床分期Ｔ３以上１１例。比较了该类肿瘤采用膀胱全切、膀胱部分切除和姑息治疗条件下的生存率。结果 ３例良性非移行细胞肿瘤存活至今。随访１４例恶性非移行细胞肿瘤术后１、３及５年生存率分别为８５．７％、６     

潜在健康生命损失天数对脑血管疾病危害综合评价

目的综合评价脑血管疾病对人群健康的危害。方法在长沙市城区运用潜在健康生命损失天数指标从脑血管疾病的发病、病程、伤残、死亡等多方面分析调查资料。结果该城区脑血管疾病的年平均潜在健康生命损失总天数为２６２４．９４天／１０００人口,其中死亡所致寿命损失天数占健康生命损失总天数的百分比为３３．０１％,慢性伤残所致寿命损失天数占健康生命损失总天数的百分比为５３．４４％。结论出血性脑血管疾病的主要危害是死亡,缺血性脑血管疾病的危害主要是慢性伤残。     

Early and delayed cardioprotection by heat stress is mediated by calcitonin gene-related peptide

Brief ischaemia or heat stress protects the myocardium against ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Heat stimulus evokes release of sensory nerve transmitters, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Since CGRP has been shown to play an important role in the mediation of ischaemic preconditioning, the present study examined whether early or delayed preconditioning induced by retrograde hyperthermic perfusion in vitro or by whole-body hyperthemia in vivo also involves endogenous CGRP. Isolated rat hearts were perfused in the Langendorff mode and subjected to 30 min global ischaemia and 30 min reperfusion. Heart rate, coronary flow, left ventricular pressure and its first derivatives (±dp/dt) were recorded and the CGRP-like immunoreactivity (CGRP-LI) content and the release of creatine kinase (CK) during reperfusion were measured. Retrograde hyperthermic perfusion (42 °C) for 5 min improved the recovery of cardiac function, decreased the release of CK and elevated the content of CGRP-LI in the coronary effluent. CGRP_8–37 (10^–7 mol/l), a selective CGRP receptor antagonist, abolished the cardioprotection by heat stress. Pretreatment with capsaicin (50 mg/kg s.c.), which specifically depletes sensory nerve transmitter content, abolished both the cardioprotection and the increased release of CGRP-LI. Whole-body hyperthermia (42 °C for 15 min) caused an increase in the plasma concentration of CGRP-LI. Early or delayed protection was shown in the hearts obtained from the animals subjected to whole-body hyperthermia 10 min or 48 h before the experiments. The early or delayed protection by heat stress was also abolished by pretreatment with capsaicin. The present study suggests that, in the rat, the early and delayed cardioprotection induced by heat stress involves endogenous CGRP. Received: 31 December 1998 / Accepted: 6 April 1999     

Involvement of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves in early and delayed cardioprotection induced by a brief ischaemia of the small intestine

Early cardioprotection can be achieved by a brief ischaemia of noncardiac tissues. Our study examined whether a brief ischaemia of the small intestine induces both early and delayed cardioprotection in the rabbit and assessed the possible mechanism involved in the activation of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves. The plasma concentration of creatine kinase (CK) and infarct size (necrotic zone/left ventricular zone) after 30 min coronary artery occlusion and 180 min reperfusion were determined in rabbits. Infarct size was 35.5±6.8% in the control non-preconditioned group. Preconditioning induced by a brief period of 10-min small intestine ischaemia significantly reduced infarct size (6.5±1.9%, P<0.01 vs. the control non-preconditioned group) and decreased CK release (3092±236 and 1094±117 U/l for myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion and preconditioning plus myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, respectively, P<0.01), and the protection was partly abolished by pretreatment with capsaicin (50 mg/kg, s.c.) 4 days before the experiments. A brief period of anterior mesenteric artery occlusion caused an increase in the plasma level of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity (CGRP-LI), an effect which was abolished by pretreatment with capsaicin. Similar protection was shown in the animals subjected to a brief period of anterior mesenteric artery occlusion 24 h before coronary artery occlusion, and this delayed protection was also abolished partly by pretreatment with capsaicin. Capsaicin treatment (50 mg/kg, s.c.) alone also protected the ischa-emic myocardium. The results suggest that brief ischaemia of the small intestine induces both early and delayed protection against reperfusion-induced myocardial injury, and the effects are, at least partly, related to the activation of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves. Received: 13 August 1998 / Accepted: 4 January 1999     

同时检测两种运动神经元存活基因第7外显子缺失的简便方法及其临床应用

目的：建立同时检测运动神经元存活基因SMNT和SMNC第7外显子缺失的简便方法，用于儿童期起病的脊髓性肌萎缩症（SMA）的临床诊断。方法：应用聚合酶链反应（PCR）－限制性酶切技术，用一对引物同时扩增55例正常成年人和5例SMA患儿及其父母的SMN基因2个成员的第7外显子中的高度保守区，扩增产物经限制性内切酶酶切及非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳。结果：此法可检测2个SMN基因第7外显子的缺失情况，经检测，55例正常成人均无SMNT基因第7外显子缺失，SMNC基因第7外显子缺失仅3例，5例SMA患儿的SMNT基因第7外显子均有缺失，患儿父母无SMNT基因和SMNC基因第7外显子缺失，结论：此法对检测2个SMN基因第7外显子的缺失提供了简便，特异，且适合临床特别是基层医院应用，优于PCRSSCP分析的方法。     

Brick tea fluoride as a main source of adult fluorosis.

An epidemiological survey was conducted in Naqu County, Tibet in September 2001 to investigate the manifestations of fluorosis in adults caused by the habitual consumption of brick tea. Profiles were obtained for the total daily fluoride intake, environmental fluoride levels and average urinary fluoride concentration, and a physical examination and a skeletal radiographic study were conducted. One hundred and eleven 30-78-year-old adults were enrolled. It was found that the fluoride level of water sources in Naqu County was 0.10+/-0.03 mg/l; no evidence of fluoride air pollution was found, but the brick tea water processed foods--zamba and buttered tea--had fluoride contents of 4.52+/-0.74 mg/kg and 3.21+/-0.65 mg/l, respectively. The adult daily fluoride intake reached 12 mg, of which 99% originated from the brick tea-containing foods. The positive rate of clinical symptoms by physical examination was 89%; furthermore, 42 of the 111 subjects were diagnosed by X-ray. The positive examination rate was 83%. Although the osteosclerosis-type skeletal fluorosis (overall increased bone matrix density) affected 74%, arthropathy and arthritis affected a significant number of the patients, resulting in functional disability. The results suggest that this brick tea-type fluorosis had even more severe adverse effects on human health compared with both the water-type and coal combustion-type fluorosis that occurred in other areas of China.     

LMP1通过Survivin抑制60Co诱导鼻咽癌细胞凋亡

目的　研究EB病毒编码的潜伏膜蛋白 1(LMP1)介导凋亡抑制蛋白 (Survivin)表达对辐射效应的影响。方法　利用LMP1可调控表达鼻咽癌细胞系 (Tet on LMP1HNE2 )诱导LMP1表达 ,同时 60 Co照射 5Gy ,采用形态学观察、流式细胞术和半胱氨酸蛋白酶 3(Caspase 3)活性检测等方法 ,分析LMP1表达对60 Co诱导鼻咽癌细胞凋亡的影响。用反义Survivin寡核苷酸阻断Survivin表达 ,观察Sur vivin表达阻断对60 Co辐射效应的影响。结果　LMP1表达抑制60 Co诱导鼻咽癌细胞凋亡 ,LMP1表达60 Co照射组形态学和流式细胞术检测凋亡率 (32 .7%± 2 .1% ,6 .3% )明显低于LMP1表达阴性组 (6 6 .0 %± 3.0 % ,2 9.6 % ) (P <0 .0 5 ) ;转染Survivin反义寡核酸后细胞凋亡率 (5 9.3%± 3.2 % ,3.0 % )明显高于对照组 (2 6 .0 %± 2 .6 % ,8.6 % ) (P <0 .0 5 ) ;同样转染Survivin反义寡核酸组Caspase 3活性 (3.78nmol/ 10 6)高于对照组 (2 .79nmol/ 10 6)。结论　提示LMP1通过介导Survivin表达而抑制60 Co照射诱导凋亡 ,Survivin反义核酸协同辐射诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡 ,Survivin作为增敏放射治疗靶 ,具有潜在的临床意义。     

BASIC STUDY AND PHASE I CLINIC TRIAL OF ANTI-IDIOTYPIC ANTIBODY MIMICKING NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA CELL ANTIGEN

Becauseofthespecialroleofanti-idiotypic(anti-id)antibodies(Abs)inimmunenetwork,itspotentialroleintumorimmunotherapyandimmunopreventionhasdrawnwideinterest.Anti-idAbsmimickingcoIorectalcarcinoma-associatedantigenandhumanhighmolecularweightmelanoma-associatedantigen(HMW-MAA)havebeenpreparedandtriedforactiveimmunotherapyontumorpatients.l-6Buttherehasn'tbeenanyrepoftaboutanti-idAbofnasopharyngealcarcinoma(NPC).NPCisatumorwithhighepidemicincidenceinChinaandSoutheastAsia,therehasn'tbeenmuchst…