长链非编码RNA在舌癌细胞上皮间质转化过程中的调节作用

舌癌恶性程度高,浸润性较强,易早期发生淋巴结转移。上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transformation,EMT)是生物胚胎发育中的基础过程,在肿瘤细胞的迁移与侵袭过程中发挥关键作用。长链非编码RNA(Long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是一类参与多种生物学进程的非编码RNA,部分lncRNA在恶性肿瘤的发生发展过程中异常表达,并通过多种方式参与调节肿瘤细胞的EMT。全文就近年来lncRNA在舌癌细胞EMT过程中的调节作用作一综述。     

早期胃癌内镜黏膜下剥离术后追加手术的原因分析

目的探讨早期胃癌内镜黏膜下剥离(endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD)术后追加外科手术的原因。方法回顾性分析2015年1月~2019年8月ESD术后追加手术的23例早期胃癌共25处病灶的临床病理资料,包括内镜下表现、ESD病理结果及手术病理结果。结果早期胃癌ESD术后追加手术的原因有病灶侵犯黏膜下层19处(76%),分化类型差16处(64%),脉管内瘤栓8处(32%),阳性切缘9处(36%)。追加外科手术后病理提示肿瘤残留2例,淋巴结转移1例。随访2~53个月,中位数17个月,无复发及死亡。结论侵犯黏膜下层、分化类型差、脉管内侵犯以及基底切缘阳性是早期胃癌ESD术后追加手术的主要原因。     

Dual targeted therapy with pyrotinib and trastuzumab for HER2-positive advanced colorectal cancer: A phase 2 trial

This trial was initiated to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib in combination with trastuzumab in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive recurrent/metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). In this single-arm, open-label, multicenter, phase 2 trial patients with HER2-positive recurrent/metastatic CRC were enrolled and received oral pyrotinib 400 mg once a day plus intravenous trastuzumab 8 mg/kg loading dose followed by 6 mg/kg once every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), duration of response, and safety were assessed as secondary endpoints. From December 2019 to October 2021, a total of 20 patients were enrolled and 18 of them were evaluable for response. All patients were B-rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (BRAF) wild type. Four patients achieved partial response, with an ORR of 22.2% (4/18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.4–47.6) and DCR of 61.1% (11/18, 95% CI 35.8–82.7), while the ORR and DCR were 33.3% (4/12, 95% CI 13.8–60.9) and 83.3% (10/12, 95% CI 51.6–97.9), respectively, in RAS wild-type patients. At the time of cut-off day, median follow-up was 10.7 months (range 3.8–13.8). The median PFS was 3.4 months (95% CI 1.8–4.3) in the overall population and 4.3 months (95% CI 3.2–8.5) in the RAS wild-type group. The most common adverse event of grade ≥3 was diarrhea (13/20, 65.0%). Pyrotinib combined with trastuzumab showed promising antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile in patients with RAS/BRAF wild-type HER2-positive advanced CRC.     

红景天苷通过Nrf2-HO-1保护Aβ25-35诱导的原代皮层神经元损伤

目的探讨红景天苷对Aβ25-35诱导的皮层神经元损伤的保护作用。方法:随机将培养成熟的原代皮层神经分为5组:正常对照组、模型组、红景天苷5μmol·L^-1组、红景天苷10μmol·L^-1组、激动剂组。后3组分别使用5μmol·L^-1红景天苷、10μmol·L^-1红景天苷、10μmol·L^-1TBHQ培养24 h,余组正常换液。然后除正常对照组,将余组更换为终浓度为20μmol·L^-1Aβ25-35并维持各药物组终浓度的培养液,24 h后使用CCK8试剂盒测细胞活性、LDH试剂盒测细胞LDH释放量、免疫组化和Western Blot测Nrf2、HO-1、Caspase-3、Bax、Bcl-2等蛋白的表达水平。结果红景天苷5μmol·L^-1组、红景天苷10μmol·L^-1组、TBHQ组都能够提高Aβ25-35损伤后细胞的活性、减少LDH的释放改善细胞损伤,红景天苷10μmol·L^-1组、TBHQ组都能够增加Nrf2、HO-1的表达水平,下调Caspase-3蛋白表达水平、上调Bcl-2/Bax的蛋白表达水平。锌原卟啉ZnPP可逆转红景天苷及TBHQ对Aβ25-35诱导的皮层神经元的保护作用。结论红景天苷对Aβ25-35诱导的皮层神经元细胞的保护作用,可能主要通过改善凋亡相关蛋白、上调Nrf2/HO-1信号通路表达实现。     

穴位埋针联合穴位按压治疗肿瘤脾胃阳虚型呃逆的效果观察

目的探讨穴位埋针联合穴位按压治疗肿瘤患者脾胃阳虚型呃逆的效果。方法肿瘤伴发脾胃阳虚型呃逆患者60例按随机数字法分为对照组和观察组,各30例。对照组给予胃复安20 mg足三里穴位注射,观察组实施穴位埋针联合穴位按压。评价2组治疗效果。结果观察组干预效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论穴位埋针联合穴位按压能有效缓解肿瘤患者脾胃阳虚型呃逆症状。     

头颈癌患者病耻感的研究进展

病耻感在头颈癌患者中比较常见,其极大地影响患者的身心健康及生活质量。本文从头颈癌患者病耻感的研究现状、测量工具、影响因素及干预策略等方面进行综述,以期为开展我国头颈癌患者病耻感研究提供参考依据。     

Prediction of prolonged resolution of chylous ascites after radical D3 resection for colorectal cancer: A population-based experience from a high-volume center

AimThis study was aimed to analyze the incidence, risk factors, and management of chylous ascites (CA) after radical D3 resection for colorectal cancer, and to construct a predicting nomogram for prolonged resolution of CA.MethodConsecutive colorectal cancer patients who underwent radical D3 resection were included. Logistic analysis was used to identify risk factors of postoperative CA, as well as prolonged CA resolution. A predictive nomogram for prolonged resolution of CA was developed and validated internally.ResultsAmong 7167 patients included, 277 (3.8%) patients developed CA. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that laparoscopic operation (OR 1.507; P = 0.017) and tumors fed by the superior mesenteric artery (SMA, OR 2.456; P < 0.001) were independent risk factors of postoperative CA following radical D3 surgery for colorectal cancer. Open operation (OR 0.422; P = 0.027), drainage output on the first day of treatment (OR 1.004; P = 0.016), time to oral intake (OR 1.273; P = 0.042), and time to onset (OR 1.231; P = 0.024) were independently associated with prolonged resolution of postoperative CA (≥7 days). A predictive nomogram for prolonged CA resolution was developed with a C-index of 0.725.ConclusionThe incidence of CA after radical D3 surgery of colorectal cancer was 3.8%. Open operation, drainage output on the first day of treatment, time to oral intake, and time to onset were independently associated with prolonged resolution of postoperative CA. A nomogram may assist in tailored treatment decision-making and counseling patient with treatment strategies.     

中国经自然腔道取标本手术开展现状分析

目的 了解目前我国经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)开展现状,分析其主要优势与面临的挑战,为未来发展提供有力依据.方法 2020年11～12月选取全国范围内从事胃肠外科、普通外科、妇科等专业的医师作为调查主要对象.本调查从医师的基本信息、开展NOSES现状、NOSES优势与挑战、NOSES教学培训及科研现状四方面进行问...