家庭康复护理入户干预对脑卒中患者自理能力的影响

目的:研究家庭康复护理干预对社区脑卒中患者自理能力的影响。方法:60例社区脑卒中患者随机分为干预组和对照组,各30例。在家庭康复现状基线调查的基础上结合专业知识制定“脑卒中家庭康复护理干预方案”,根据方案对社区护士进行脑卒中家庭康复护理知识和技能培训,考核合格后以“Orem自理模式”对干预组实施家庭整体康复护理干预,对照组不进行干预,于研究1,3个月时对两组患者进行自理能力评定。结果:干预组各项得分显著高于对照组(P均=0.00),综合性自理能力:1个月时(20.67±3.09比11.87±3.81,F=207.22)、3个月时(22.63±2.09比12.77±3.88,F=180.40);知识性自理能力:1个月时(8.60±1.19比5.67±1.45,F=157.45)、3个月时(9.20±0.71比6.00±1.44,F=142.07,P=0.00);决策性自理能力:1个月时(5.17±1.77比2.53±1.53,F=116.13)、3个月时(6.57±0.77比2.93±1.55,F=156.79);行为性自理能力:1个月时(6.30±1.09比3.67±1.60,F=98.35)、3个月时(6.87±0.97比3.83±1.62,F=69.69)。结论:培训社区护士开展家庭康复护理干预可有效提高脑卒中患者的自理能力。     

多层螺旋CT对冠状动脉血管的评价

多层螺旋CT作为一种安全、非侵入性的冠状动脉粥样硬化病变检查方法已为人们接受。其临床应用有着很大的潜力,它不仅可以发现显著的冠状动脉狭窄,还可以检出尚未引起狭窄的钙化及非钙化(脂质及纤维)斑块,随着技术进步,多层螺旋CT有可能取代冠状动脉造影完成对早期亚临床冠状动脉疾病的筛查。冠状动脉钙化积分对冠状动脉的评价要优于传统风险因素,它对总的冠状动脉的斑块负荷的评估可以提供更有力的预测。它还可用于其它冠状动脉疾病的评价。现主要介绍多层螺旋CT冠状动脉血管成像的临床应用现状。     

Calcium pentosan polysulfate and sodium pentosan polysulfate may be used to treat intervertebral disc degeneration

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major health problem world-wide, and several spinal disorders are closely associated with it. Although people have invested a great deal of time and effort, how to prevent and reverse the IDD for the researchers is still a difficult and hot issue. Intervertebral disc belongs to cartilage tissue, and IDD also is the cartilage degeneration disease. A large quantity of studies have shown that Calcium pentosan polysulfate (CaPPS) and sodium pentosan polysulfate (NaPPS) possess chondroprotective activities and play an important role in maintaining cartilage integrity. We reasonably hypothesize that NaPPS and CaPPS may be used to treat IDD. The possible mechanism may include that: (1) the significant effects of NaPPS and CaPPS in improving capillary blood flow could maintain nutritional supply to intervertebral disc, and preserve intervertebral disc tissue against degeneration; (2) CaPPS and NaPPS preserve cartilage integrity, proteoglycan synthesis, and improve cartilage biomechanical properties; (3) as the multifaceted exosite inhibitors of proteinases NaPPS and CaPPS strongly impede the activity and production of proteinases; (4) promotion of the balance between proteinases and TIMPs also may be involved in treating IDD; (5) NaPPS and CaPPS exhibit potent anti-inflammatory effects, and then reduce inflammation-induced IDD. If the hypothesis were conformed, the symptoms caused by IDD and its related diseases would be a corresponding alleviation or even disappearance, which could greatly alleviate the suffering of patients from disc degeneration diseases. Certainly, many roles of CaPPS and NaPPS, such as effectiveness, safety and side effects, need to be tested, and further works such as animal model and clinical trial, need to be done to prove this hypothesis.     

Olanzapine Versus Placebo in Adolescents With Schizophrenia: A 6-Week,Randomized, Double-Blind,Placebo-Controlled Trial

ObjectiveTo assess olanzapine's efficacy and tolerability in adolescents with schizophrenia.MethodOne hundred seven inpatient and outpatient adolescents (olanzapine, n = 72, mean age 16.1 years; placebo, n = 35, mean age 16.3 years) with schizophrenia participated in this randomized (2:1), international, multisite, industry-sponsored trial. All patients met DSM-IV-TR criteria for schizophrenia, and they were treated for up to 6 weeks with flexible doses of olanzapine (2.5–20.0 mg/day) or placebo. Last-observation-carried-forward mean changes from baseline to endpoint on the anchored version of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale for Children, Clinical Global Impression Scale-Severity of Illness, and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were assessed.ResultsMore olanzapine-treated versus placebo-treated patients completed the trial (68.1% versus 42.9%, p = .020). Compared with placebo-treated patients, olanzapine-treated adolescents had significantly greater improvement in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale for Children total (p = .003), Clinical Global Impressions Scale-Severity of Illness (p = .004), PANSS total (p = .005), and PANSS positive scores (p = .002). Olanzapine-treated patients gained significantly more baseline-to-endpoint weight (4.3 kg versus 0.1 kg, p < .001). Significantly more olanzapine-treated versus placebo-treated patients gained 7% or greater of their body weight at any time during treatment (45.8% versus 14.7%, p = .002). Prolactin and triglyceride mean baseline-to-endpoint changes were significantly higher in olanzapine-treated versus placebo-treated adolescents. The incidence of treatment-emergent significant changes in fasting glucose, cholesterol, or triglycerides did not differ between the groups at endpoint, but significantly more olanzapine-treated patients had high triglycerides at any time during treatment.ConclusionsOlanzapine-treated adolescents with schizophrenia experienced significant symptom improvement. Significant increases in weight, triglycerides, uric acid, most liver function tests, and prolactin were observed during olanzapine treatment.     

原位核酸分子杂交技术检测宫颈鳞状上皮病变HPV感染

目的:观察宫颈鳞状上皮病变过程中HPV6/11、HPV16/18的表达,探讨其测定的临床意义.方法:选择病理诊断为宫颈慢性炎症50例、鳞状上皮乳头状瘤样增生30例、尖锐湿疣30例、上皮内瘤变89例、鳞癌50例共249例石蜡包埋标本,应用原位核酸分子杂交技术对其进行HPV6/11,HPV16/18检测.结果:慢性炎症组HPV6/11阳性表达4%,HPV16/18阳性表达0%;乳头状瘤样增生组HPV6/11阳性表达10%,HPV16/18阳性表达3.3%;尖锐湿疣组HPV6/11阳性表达93.3%,HPV16/18阳性表达23.3%;CIN组中Ⅰ级HPV6/11阳性表达48.9%,HPV16/18阳性表达42.2%;Ⅱ级HPV6/11阳性表达39.1%,HPV16/18阳性表达69.6%;Ⅲ级HPV6/11阳性表达9.5%,HPV16/18阳性表达66.7%;鳞癌组HPV6/11阳性表达6%,HPV16/18阳性表达82%.结论:应用原位核酸分子杂交技术检测宫颈鳞状上皮病变细胞的HPV6/11、HFV16/18,为临床早期诊断、鉴别诊断及评估预后提供可靠的理论依据.     

Graves’眼病患者血清IL-2、sIL-2R和TGF-β测定的临床意义

目的：探讨Graves’眼病患者血清IL-2、sIL-2R和TGF-β水平的变化、病情进展和病因学的关系。方法：对照组30名和Graves眼病30例患者的血清TGF-β含量均采用放射免疫分析;血清IL-2、sIL-2R均采用酶联免疫吸附试验。结果：30例Graves’眼病患者血清IL-2治疗前水平非常显著低于对照组（P〈0.01）;经免疫抑制剂治疗6个月后水平较治疗前升高非常显著,与对照组比较已无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;sIL-2R含量治疗前非常显著的高于治疗后组和对照组（P〈0.01）;经用上述方案治疗后与对照组比较下降非常显著,但仍存在显著性差异（P〈0.05）;血清TGF-β浓度在治疗前非常显著地高于对照组（P〈0.01）;经治疗后显著下降,但与对照组比较差异仍非常显著（P〈0.01）。结论：Graves’眼病患者血清IL-2、sIL-2R和TGF-β三项血清指标的测定对于了解和认识其发病机理及预估病情有帮助。     

Ginsenoside Rgl promotes endothelial progenitor cell migration and proliferation

Aim： To investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rgl on the migration, adhesion, proliferation, and VEGF expression of endothelial progenitor cells （EPCs）.
Methods： EPCs were isolated from human peripheral blood and incubated with different concentrations of ginsenoside Rgl （0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 μmol/L） and vehicle controls. EPC migration was detected with a modified Boyden chamber assay. EPC adhesion was determined by counting adherent cells on fibronectin-coated culture dishes. EPC proliferation was analyzed with the 3.（4,5.dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay. In vitro vasculogenesis was assayed using an in vitro vasculogenesis detection kit. A VEGF-ELISA kit was used to measure the amount of VEGF protein in the cell culture medium.
Results： Ginsenoside Rgl promoted EPC adhesion, proliferation, migration and in vitro vasculogenesis in a dose- and timedependent manner. Cell cycle analysis showed that 5.0 μmol/L ofginsenoside Rgl significantly increased the EPC proliferative phase （S phase） and decreased the resting phase （G0/G1 phase）. Ginsenoside Rgl increased vascular endothelial growth factor production. Conclusion： The results indicate that ginsenoside Rgl promotes proliferation, migration, adhesion and in vitro vasculogenesis.     

散发性Creutzfeldt-Jakob病的临床和影像学特点

目的探讨散发性Creutzfeldt-Jakob病(sCJD)的临床和影像学特点。方法回顾性分析4例sCJD患者的临床资料。结果4例sCJD患者均表现为亚急性起病,进行性痴呆,伴有肌阵挛;头颅MRI显示对称性或非对称性大脑皮质彩带样和(或)基底节弥散加权成像(DWI)高信号。结论sCJD的临床特点为进展性痴呆伴肌阵挛,头颅MRI特别是DWI出现高信号为其病变特点。     

p53和c-erbB-2表达与胃癌进展的关系

目的探讨p53和c-erbB-2表达与胃癌进展的关系。方法收集139例胃癌手术切除标本,包括黏膜内癌23例、浸润至黏膜下层31例、浸润至肌层47例、浸润至浆膜或浆膜外38例,切片采用免疫组化S-P法染色。结果进展期胃癌中p53和c-erbB-2阳性表达率均明显高于早期胃癌（P值分别为0.010、0.000）。c-erbB-2表达与p53表达存在相关性（P=0.023〈0.05）。c-erbB-2阳性表达是胃癌发展的1个危险因素,p53表达阳性和阴性的OR值比较无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论抑癌基因p53突变有利于癌基因c-erbB-2的表达;c-erbB-2阳性表达是胃癌发展的1个危险因素,与胃癌的发展密切相关。     

Habitual intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages associated with gut microbiota-related metabolites and metabolic health outcomes in young Chinese adults

Background and aimsReducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is a global public health priority because of their limited nutritional value and associations with increased risk of obesity and metabolic diseases. Gut microbiota-related metabolites emerged as quintessential effectors that may mediate impacts of dietary exposures on the modulation of host commensal microbiome and physiological status.Methods and resultsThis study assessed the associations among SSBs, circulating microbial metabolites, and gut microbiota–host co-metabolites, as well as metabolic health outcomes in young Chinese adults (n = 86), from the Carbohydrate Alternatives and Metabolic Phenotypes study in Shaanxi Province. Five principal component analysis-derived beverage drinking patterns were determined on self-reported SSB intakes, which were to a varying degree associated with 143 plasma levels of gut microbiota-related metabolites profiled by untargeted metabolomics. Moreover, carbonated beverages, fruit juice, energy drinks, and bubble tea exhibited positive associations with obesity-related markers and blood lipids, which were further validated in an independent cohort of 16,851 participants from the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China in Shaanxi Province. In contrast, presweetened coffee was negatively associated with the obesity-related traits. A total of 79 metabolites were associated with both SSBs and metabolic markers, particularly obesity markers. Pathway enrichment analysis identified the branched-chain amino acid catabolism and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis as linking SSB intake with metabolic health outcomes.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate the associations between habitual intakes of SSBs and several metabolic markers relevant to noncommunicable diseases, and highlight the critical involvement of gut microbiota-related metabolites in mediating such associations.