经食管超声心动图与经胸超声心动图对风湿性心脏病左房血栓诊断价值的比较

左房血栓是风湿性心脏病 (简称风心病 )二尖瓣狭窄的常见并发症 ,约有 15 %～ 30 % [1] 的患者并发左房血栓 ,死亡率极高。超声心动图尤其是经食管超声心动图的出现对左房血栓的检出率大大提高。本研究的目的在于进一步探讨食管超声心动图 (TEE)与经胸超声心动图 (TTE)相比较对左房血栓的诊断价值。一、对象与方法1.对象 :85例风湿性心脏病患者为 2 0 0 0年 2月至 2 0 0 3年 2月在首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院心外科的住院患者 ,男 37例 ,女 4 8例 ,年龄 4 3岁± 5 8岁。其中单纯二尖瓣狭窄 5 9例 ,二尖瓣狭窄并关闭不全 14例 ,联合瓣…     

上唇短缩畸形的手术治疗

目的 针对微笑时鼻唇部出现上唇上提并短缩,鼻小柱下方褶沟,上唇牙龈外露等现象,探讨一种治疗上唇短缩畸形的手术方法.方法 采用经口或鼻前庭切口,将鼻小柱根部鼻中隔降肌肌纤维切断及部分切除,并广泛剥离使上唇下降.结果 共为27例上唇短缩畸形患者进行手术治疗.其中9例采用了双侧鼻小柱外侧与前庭基底贯穿切口,18例采用了上唇唇龈沟切口.通过手术,患者获得微笑时上唇中部适度降低,鼻小柱下方褶沟变浅或消失,上唇牙龈外露消失的效果.6例患者还在手术矫正上唇动态短缩畸形的同时,实施了鼻整形术.通过手术可矫正鼻唇牙龈部的综合动态缺陷,获得满意的美学效果.结论 手术方法治疗上唇短缩畸形,可改善患者微笑时的表情,是值得推广的治疗方法.     

《美国心脏病学会/美国心脏协会心脏介入手术临床资质(2007年修订版)》解读

经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)是目前在临床上广泛应用的成熟治疗方法。据统计,2003年美国PCI例数超过了100万例,心脏科医师中有大约25%可以施行PCI。PCI作为一项复杂精细的技术,需要规范手术过程和操作,并制定严格的准入制度(即资质),以保证手术质量,使其能够健康发展。另一方面,     

右心室功能评价的影像学方法进展

右心室功能的改变对肺动脉高压和多种心脏疾病的生存率及预后有重要意义.在多种影像学检查技术中,近十年来发展最快的当属超声心动图、螺旋CT和磁共振技术,这些新技术可以准确、客观、全面地评价右心室功能,具有很大的临床意义和广泛的应用前景.     

腹腔镜子宫切除并发症的防治

近年来,腹腔镜手术并发症随着手术例数的增多,特别是手术操作的多样化而增多.1998年美国妇科腹腔镜医师协会并发症委员会报道腹腔镜手术中较严重并发症的发生率为1.54%,比1973年增加15倍[1,2];国内1999～2002年报道发生率为0.43%～4.81%[3,4],比1994年增加5倍[5].     

肢端持续性丘疹性黏蛋白沉积症

报告1例肢端持续性丘疹性黏蛋白沉积症。患者男,62岁。双前臂、双手背丘疹10年。皮损组织病理检查:真皮浅中层黏蛋白沉积,未见成纤维细胞增生。黏蛋白阿新蓝染色阳性。     

上唇短缩畸形的手术治疗

目的 针对微笑时鼻唇部出现上唇上提并短缩,鼻小柱下方褶沟,上唇牙龈外露等现象,探讨一种治疗上唇短缩畸形的手术方法.方法 采用经口或鼻前庭切口,将鼻小柱根部鼻中隔降肌肌纤维切断及部分切除,并广泛剥离使上唇下降.结果 共为27例上唇短缩畸形患者进行手术治疗.其中9例采用了双侧鼻小柱外侧与前庭基底贯穿切口,18例采用了上唇唇龈沟切口.通过手术,患者获得微笑时上唇中部适度降低,鼻小柱下方褶沟变浅或消失,上唇牙龈外露消失的效果.6例患者还在手术矫正上唇动态短缩畸形的同时,实施了鼻整形术.通过手术可矫正鼻唇牙龈部的综合动态缺陷,获得满意的美学效果.结论 手术方法治疗上唇短缩畸形,可改善患者微笑时的表情,是值得推广的治疗方法.     

肾功能损伤分级系统在成人心脏术后的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate of adilty of two acute renal failure-specific scoring systenms (the classification by Bellome et al and the AKIN criteria) for predicting hospital mortality after cardiac surgery in adult patients. Methods Between October 1 st 2006 to Decemjber 31 st 2006, 509 adult patients who ungerwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and/ or valve operation were enrolled in this study. The medical data collection included gender, age, types of operation, perioperative he- modynamic parameters, urine output, biochemical parameters and outcome. Renal function was assessed daily according to the classi- ficatinn by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria, respectively. As references, Acure Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE) Ⅱ and Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score were also calculated. Resuits Three hundred and forty-one patients were male (67.0%), and 168 were female (33.0%), mean age was (56.2±12.0) years old. Tnree hundred and nine patieats un- derwent CABG, 182 underwent valve operation and 18 underwent CABG plus valve operation, Mean duration of ventilation support was (20.4±17.7) houra, and the ICU stay was (1.4±1.0) days. Postoperative hospital stay was (13.8±9.1) days. According to the classification by Bellomo., the highest in-hospital mortality was 52.9% in ARFS group. Mahiplicatinn of in-hospital morality rate was abserved (X2 for trend, P<0.01) in 0.4% (non-ARF), 1.2% (stage 1), 12.0% (stal～ 2) and 32.4% (stage 3) of pa- tients based on the AKIN criteria. By applying the area under the receiver operating characteristic ourve, the classification by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria had good discriminative power. Furthering, multivariate logistic regression analysis verified that the Odds Ratio of the AKIN criteria was 5.478 (P =0.028, 95% Confidence Interval 1.027- 24.856), after adjusting for gender and age. Con- clusion Analytical data confinned good discriminative power of both the AKIN criteria and the classification by Bellomo for predicting hospital mortality of adult postoperative patient with ARF.     

美国心律协会2007年年会心房颤动临床研究热点评析

2007年5月9～12日,第28届美国心律学会(Heart Rhythm Society,HRS)年度会议(HRS2007)在美国西部城市丹佛隆重召开。据统计,本次会议的与会代表中仅医生就超过了1万人,真可谓名副其实的一届盛会。本届HRS会议的研讨内容虽然涉及心律失常研究的各个方面,但报告最多、最深入、同时     

双源CT低剂量前瞻性心电触发序列扫描在冠状动脉血管成像的应用

Objective To evaluate low-dose CT coronary angiography with prospective electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggering using dual-source CT scanner.Methods Sixty-eight patients who underwent coronary CT angiography using a dual-source CT scanner were divided into 2 groups: group A (38 cases) and group B (30 cases).Prospective ECG-triggering sequence scan mode was employed for group A.Inclusion criteria included: heart rate <70 bpm, sinus rhythm, and heart rate fluctuation less than 10 bpm.Data acquisition was set at 70% of the RR-interval.Retrospective ECG-gating helical scan was performed for group B.Inclusion criteria included heart rates < 70 bpm and sinus rhythm.The exclusion criteria included heart failure and serious arrhythmias.In both groups, patients with a BMI≥24 kg/m2 were examined with a tube voltage of 120 kV, whereas patients with a BMI <24 kg/m2 were examined with a tube voltage of 100 kV.All images were transferred to a workstation for further processing and analysis.The imaging quality was evaluated.The imaging quality of coronary artery segments were compared with rank sum test between the two groups, and the radiation dose were compared with t test.Results A total of 476 coronary artery segments were evaluated in group A and 372 segments were evaluated in group B.The mean score of imaging quality for coronary artery segments in group A was 3.48±0.59 and that in group B was 3.53±0.58.There was no statistical difference in imaging quality between the two groups (Z=-1.432, P=0.187).The effective dose was on average (2.51±0.54) mSv (range 1.3--3.3 mSv) in group A, whereas on average (14.55±3.54) rosy (range 7.1--20.2 mSv) in group B.There was a statistical difference between the two groups (t=18.484, P=0.000).Conclusions Low-dose prospective ECG-triggering sequence scan in dual-source CT coronary angiography is feasible in patients with low heart rate and regular cardiac rhythm.This scan mode can substantially reduce radiation doses while preserving good diagnostic image quality.