Conus ependymoma with holocord syringohydromyelia and syringobulbia.

We report a 24-year-old woman with an intramedullary conus ependymoma associated with holocord syringohydromyelia and syringobulbia. The tumor was removed and surgery for decompression of the syringohydromyelia was not considered at the first operation. In the follow-up examinations, MRI showed significant and steady improvement of syringohydromyelia. Symptoms associated with syringohydromyelia also disappeared. The cause of syringohydromyelia accompanying intradural spinal cord tumors appears to be either direct blockade of the central canal or secondary interruption of the central canal flow by compression of the perimedullary cerebrospinal fluid flow. As removal of the mass often corrects both these likely causes of the syringohydromyelia, no additional treatment for the drainage of the hydromyelia cavity syrinx is usually necessary.     

乙型肝炎治疗研究进展

乙性肝炎病毒感染所导致的慢性肝炎是我国的一个大问题,给患者及社会带来了很大负担。慢性乙型肝炎现行治疗主要依靠干扰素、核苷类似物等,其存在高耐药、低耐受以及不良反应等问题。新的、更为安全有效的治疗药物及方法亟待发展。最近,科学家们发现人体内的TRIM22分子对抑制乙肝病毒的复制起到重要作用,为乙肝的治疗及有效药物的研发开辟了新的道路。     

A new method for the correction of secondary unilateral cleft lip nose

Summary In 1982, Dibbell described a procedure to correct this distortion by rotating and advancing the nostril medially and superiorly. We used this method in our department for several years, but as Dibbell himself experienced, we didn't always obtain satisfactory results. Like many authors, I agree that the best approach for proper correction of the secondary unilateral cleft lip nose deformity is the external approach using transcolumellar incisions, because the lower lateral cartilage exposure is inadequate with Dibbell's method. I added the transcolumellar incision similar to Bardach's to solve this problem. In this paper, this combination technique will be presented and contrasted with Dibbell's and Bardach's techniques.     

Various types of suprameatal spines and depressions in the human temporal bone

Since it covers the lateral wall of the mastoid air system, the suprameatal triangle is of importance to otologic surgeons during mastoidectomy. Because of this clinical importance, topographic anatomy of the suprameatal spine and depression was studied on Anatolian skulls. In all, 363 male and 231 female skulls were studied. The most prevalent type of suprameatal spine resembled a crest and was found in both sexes on the right (77.6%) and left (80%) sides. The absence of a suprameatal depression was significantly higher in females (right 9.1%; left 8.7%) than in males (right 1.7%; left 2.5%). Suprameatal depressions were mostly shallow in female subjects, but were mostly observed in males to be at a medium depth or deep. Received: 5 January 1998 / Accepted: 19 March 1998     

ALT升高、低病毒载量慢性乙型肝炎患者不确定期采用不同抗病毒治疗方案的疗效及安全性

  目的  观察初治的低病毒载量不确定期慢乙肝患者采用一线核苷（酸）类药物抗病毒治疗后的临床疗效及安全性。  方法  纳入2019年1月至2022年4月期间在昆明市第三人民医院门诊就诊的96例初治低病毒载量不确定期慢性乙肝患者,根据使用药物不同将患者分为恩替卡韦组（ETV组）、富马酸替诺福韦酯组（TDF组）和富马酸丙酚替诺福韦组（TAF组）。在持续用药的第12周、24周、48周观察3组的临床疗效及安全性差异。  结果  经抗病毒治疗48周后,总共96.88%（93/96）患者HBV DNA获得完全病毒学应答（complete virologic response,CVR,定义为HBV DNA < 100 IU/mL）,3组的CVR率为:ETV组96.97%（32/33）,TDF组96.97%（32/33）,TAF组96.67%（29/30）,组间差异无统计学意义（P = 0.997）。治疗48周时HBsAg水平较基线均有显著下降,但3组差异无统计学意义（P = 0.348）。TAF组较ETV组（P = 0.013）、TDF组（P = 0.047）显著提升eGFR水平,AFP水平较ETV组（P = 0.008）和TDF组（P = 0.007）显著下降。48周ALT复常率:TAF组（70%）和TDF组（45.45%）,ETV组（60.61%）差异无统计学意义（P = 0.135）。治疗期间无严重不良事件发生。  结论  治疗48周后3组CVR率均达96%以上,AFP水平下降及eGFR水平改善TAF组优于ETV组及TDF组,对ALT升高、低病毒载量慢乙肝不确定期患者行抗病毒治疗可使患者获益。     

采用小波描述子实现表面渲染数据的渐进传输

为了实现医学可视化的网络应用,提出一种基于小波描述子的表面渲染数据渐进传输方法.首先针对用于表面重建的序列平面轮廓为周期序列的特点,提出数字轮廓小波描述子的概念.基于小波描述子进行渐进传输的基本思想是,在发送端将轮廓采用小波描述子表示,然后对这些小波描述子系数序列渐进发送.在接收端,利用陆续收到的描述子系数序列重构轮廓,进行表面重建与渲染,重建精度和渲染效果随着不断收到‘细节'部分数据而得到改善并最终达到发送端的效果.该方法可以在数据无损传输的情况下,降低对传输网络带宽的要求,文中实验研究表明了方法的可行性.     

Affective temperaments in clinically-well subjects in Turkey: initial psychometric data on the TEMPS-A

BACKGROUND: This is a first attempt to evaluate the reliability and factor structure replicability of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) in its Turkish Version. The questionnaire is a self-report 110-item measure that postulates five affective temperaments-the depressive, cyclothymic, irritable, hyperthymic, and anxious-which embody both strengths and liabilities along affective lines. METHODS: The questionnaire was administered to 658 clinically-well subjects in a Turkish university circle. We undertook item analysis and test-retest reliability. We then examined internal consistency through factor analysis with PCA rotation. RESULTS: We found good to excellent test-retest reliability (0.73-0.91), and internal consistency (0.77-0.85). We deleted 10 items with factor loading <0.20 for their own subscales, resulting in a questionnaire with 99 items. Despite considerable overlap between depressive and cognitive anxiety traits, a distinct "nervous"-anxious factor emerged as well, and the hypothesized (original English) 5-factor structure of the TEMPS-A was supported. Cut-offs for each temperament were based on z-scores higher than +2S.D. Dominant irritable (3.7%), nervous-anxious (3.7%) and depressive (3.1%) temperaments were the most common in this population, whereas dominant cyclothymic (1.7%) and hyperthymic (1.2%) temperaments were relatively uncommon. These temperaments tended to lose their intensity with age. As expected, women scored significantly higher on the nervous-anxious, and men on the hyperthymic temperaments. LIMITATIONS: The sample was composed of younger subjects with higher education than the general population of Turkey. Although the distribution of the scores for each of the temperaments deviated somewhat from normal curves, for heuristic reasons we did attempt to provide prevalence rates based on z-scores. CONCLUSION: In this preliminary version of the TEMPS-A, we have retained 100 (of the original 110) traits loading >0.20. Some deleted items referred to sleep, others appeared socially desirability traits in the Turkish culture endorsed by many subjects. Nonetheless, item analyses within each factor revealed traits indicative of personal assets (specific to each temperament) along with those which might represent vulnerability to affective illness. This is in line with the hypothesized original theoretical framework of the senior authors. Even in this "first pass," in its Turkish version the TEMPS-A is a reliable and valid instrument. Further refinement of the instrument will require the study of a nationally representative sample in Turkey.     

定向诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向心肌细胞分化

目的:采用骨髓间充质干细胞体外转化为心肌样细胞,为心衰的干细胞移植治疗提供基础。方法:分离培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,5-氮杂胞苷诱导24h后正常培养,通过形态学、PAS反应、磷钨酸苏木素染色(PTAH)、免疫细胞化学染色作鉴定。结果:诱导细胞以梭形、柱状为主,部分细胞有分支,单个核、卵圆形、居中,似心肌细胞,PAS及PTAH染色均为阳性。诱导后培养2周的细胞表达Sarcomeric Actin和Connexin-43较弱,以后表达逐渐增强,而且1、3、5代细胞均稳定表达。结论:骨髓MSCs可在体外被诱导分化为心肌样细胞,有望成为心衰干细胞移植治疗的理想细胞材料。     

心包内处理肺静脉根部或切除部分左房在晚期肺癌手术中的应用

目的:探讨切开心包处理肺静脉或切除部分左心房对提高晚期肺癌患者的外科手术切除率及提高手术疗效的作用.方法:对21例晚期肺癌患者施行肺叶或全肺切除时,在心包内处理肺静脉或切除部分左心房.其中左肺下叶切除6例、左全肺切除4例、右肺中下叶切除6例、右肺下叶切除3例、右全肺切除2例.结果:21例均手术顺利;术后并发心律失常2例,肺炎2例,均治愈.本组1年生存率61.9%(13/21)、3年生存率38.1%(8/21),其中2例生存＞5 a.结论:晚期肺癌累及肺静脉根部或左心房时,通过切开心包处理肺静脉或同时切除部分左心房可提高肿瘤的根治率.