HPLC法测定益母草及其习用药材中芦丁的含量

目的:建立益母草及其习用药材中芦丁的HPLC含量测定方法。方法:采用Kromasil C₁₈柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.5%磷酸(33∶67),流速为1.0mL·min^-1,检测波长为254nm,柱温30℃。结果:芦丁线性范围为(0.075～0.375)μg,r=0.9996,平均回收率为96.62%,RSD为0.99%。结论:该方法快速、简便、准确、重复性较好,结果可靠,可用于控制益母草及其习用药材的质量。     

响应面法优化β-胡萝卜素液体发酵培养基

用响应面法对三孢布拉霉（Blakeslea trispora）液体发酵β-胡萝卜素的培养基进行了优化。首先用快速登高路径逼近β-胡萝卜素最大产量区域,然后根据快速登高法的实验结果进行响应面实验。运用逐步回归分析法,获得β-胡萝卜素产量与柠檬酸、棉籽油、黄豆粉的最优回归方程,且分析了各因子间的交互效应。最后,通过岭脊分析（Ridge max）得到β-胡萝卜素产量最大值时的组合为：柠檬酸3.10 g/dL、棉籽油11.28 g/dL、黄豆粉2.54 g/dL。β-胡萝卜素产量可达1.02 g/L,比优化前提高了25%。     

高压脉冲电场对乳铁蛋白抑菌性能的影响

研究了高压脉冲电场(PEF)对乳铁蛋白(LF)的抑菌性能的影响。结果表明,LF质量浓度、电场强度、脉冲频率、脉冲数的增加,有利于LF抑菌能力的增强,而温度的升高会使之减弱。电场强度为35 kV/cm时,LF的抑菌能力达到最大值。LF的质量浓度越高,对电场强度的变化越敏感。当脉冲个数达到744时,LF的相对抑菌能力提高了34%。处理温度为15～55℃时,PEF处理的LF的相对抑菌性能增长了5%左右。当温度升高至65℃时,LF的相对抑菌能力下降显著,降低了约22%。     

Outcomes in Overactive Bladder Treatment: Patient Perception—A Key to Success

To highlight the importance of patient perception as a measure of the success of overactive bladder (OAB) treatment, we reviewed the results of the IMprovement in Patients: Assessing Symptomatic Control with Tolterodine (IMPACT) trial. Patients were eligible for the IMPACT trial, an open-label, multicentre study, if they had OAB symptoms for at least 3 mo and were at least moderately bothered by their most bothersome OAB symptom. Patients were treated with tolterodine extended release (ER) for 12 wk, with assessments made at screening, baseline, and weeks 4 and 12. Of the 896 patients enrolled in the IMPACT trial, most (82%) were white women, with a mean age of 56 yr. Both continent and incontinent patients identified daytime frequency as their most bothersome OAB symptom. Tolterodine ER was effective in decreasing frequency in patients who identified this as their most bothersome symptom and was also effective in decreasing urgency and urgency urinary incontinence. Improvements were noted on patient-reported outcome measures, including the Overactive Bladder Questionnaire and American Urological Association Symptom Index. On the Patient Perception of Bladder Condition, nearly 80% of patients perceived an improvement in their bladder-related problems. Tolterodine ER was well tolerated, with dry mouth, constipation, and headache among the most common adverse events. Our review of the IMPACT trial results indicates that patient input can be a key measure in assessing the efficacy of OAB treatment. We recommend that clinicians obtain their patients’ perspective on treatment when managing OAB symptoms.     

十字花科蔬菜提取物抗肿瘤作用的研究

研究了十字花科蔬菜提取物6320（主要含异硫氰酸酯）的抗肿瘤活性。体外实验应用MTT法、观察细胞形态、测定细胞生长曲线、流式细胞仪分析细胞凋亡及细胞周期观察提取物6320对不同肿瘤细胞生长的影响。并通过建立小鼠B16实体瘤模型来考察提取物6320的体内抗肿瘤作用。结果表明提取物6320在体内外均可明显抑制肿瘤的生长及增殖,并诱导细胞凋亡,但有可能对机体的免疫系统造成一定的影响。     

转化生长因子β1对人牙髓细胞微丝骨架的重组作用

目的:了解转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)对人牙髓细胞微丝和微管骨架的作用。方法:I型胶原酶消化组织块法体外培养人牙髓细胞,以20ng/ml的TGF-β1处理细胞,分别在第30min、1、6和24h收集细胞爬片,BODYPY-Phalloidin对微丝作直接荧光染色、Rhodamine RedTM对微管蛋白α(tubulin-α)作间接免疫荧光染色,采用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察TGF-β1作用于牙髓细胞后不同时间点微丝和微管的变化情况。结果:TGF-β1作用于人牙髓细胞后,微丝出现解聚重组现象,在30min时间点,肌动蛋白(actin)在细胞膜下聚合成纤维形肌动蛋白F-actin,同时胞质内的F-actin解聚,6h解聚最明显,24h后可见胞质内微丝重组。观察的各时间点,微管结构未见明显解聚重组现象。结论:TGF-β1能够使牙髓细胞微丝骨架重组。     

教育在以病人为中心整体护理中的作用

以病人为中心的整体护理是当代护理科学发展的必然趋势。为了适应这一形势，必须充分发挥教育在整体护理中的作用，进行护理教育的改革。改革传统中专护理教育体制，延长学制，增设有关课程；强化护理人员全日制教育；加强护理人员思想政治、职业道德和敬业精神教育，在护理人员中增强整体护理观念，以适应医学模式的转变。     

Swaziland: Perspectives in School Health

Following major quantitative expansions of the educational system in Swaziland during the two decades since independence, the focus has shifted to improving efficiency. Efficiency of any educational system depends mainly on the characteristics of children entering school. Although Swaziland is not among the poorest countries, infant child mortality rates still reflect less than optimum living conditions and parental knowledge of child nutrition and disease prevention and management. Although access to primary schooling is universal, there is substantial waste during the early years of school through dropout and repetition, both associated with low socioeconomic status. School performance can be increased at little extra cost through increasing the nutrition and health status of students before school entry and through the early school years. In Swaziland, many activities are carried out to provide physical and mental health care to students. Coordinating these efforts and formulating clear policy on school health through cooperation among key ministries and nongovernmental organizations remains to be done.