ROC曲线评价可溶性Lox-1、高敏肌钙蛋白I联合检测对急性冠脉综合征的诊断价值

目的应用ROC曲线探讨可溶性Lox-1(sLox-1)、高敏肌钙蛋白I(hs-TnI)单独或联合检测对急性冠脉综合征的诊断价值。方法冠状动脉造影(CAG)确诊的冠心病患者119例(ACS组78例、SA P组41例);NCHD组41例。分别用ELISA,生化免疫分析仪和化学免疫发光仪检测血浆sLox-1、hs-TnI、肌红蛋白、普通肌钙蛋白和CKMB浓度。绘制ROC曲线,用曲线下面积(AUC)等诊断效能参数评价sLox-1和hs-TnI对ACS的诊断价值。结果 sLox-1诊断ACS的AUC为0.934,hs-TnI的AUC为0.918。"sLox-1+hs-TnI"联合检测的AUC为0.974,敏感性为95.1%,特异性为96.2%,高于sLox-1或hs-TnI单独检测及"TnI+Myo+CKMB"联合检测。结论 sLox-1和hs-TnI联合检测可以较好的互补作用,对ACS的诊断具有较高的特异性和敏感性,且高于"TnI+Myo+CKMB"联合检测。     

ROC曲线评价缺血修饰白蛋白、高敏肌钙蛋白Ⅰ联合检测在急性冠脉综合征早期诊断中的应用

目的运用ROC曲线分析缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA)、高敏肌钙蛋白I(hs-TnI)联合检测在急性冠脉综合征早期诊断中的应用价值。方法选择我院经冠状动脉造影确诊的、发病至采血时间间隔在3 h以内的急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者31例,分别检测血清IMA和hs-TnI水平。另选择31例同期经冠状动脉造影排除急性冠脉综合征胸痛患者作为非缺血性胸痛(NICP)患者组,31名外表健康的体检人员作为对照组。应用Logistic回归模型,绘制"IMA+hs-TnI"联合检测诊断急性冠脉综合征的ROC曲线,获得相应诊断效能参数,并与肌红蛋白等其它心肌标志物对比,评价IMA和hs-TnI用于急性冠脉综合征早期诊断的临床价值。结果发病3 h内,IMA诊断ACS的曲线下面积为0.840,hs-TnI为0.945。"IMA+hs-TnI"联合检测的曲线下面积为0.967,敏感性为90.3%,特异性为93.5%,高于IMA或hs-TnI单独检测及"TnI+Myo+CKMB"联合检测。结论 IMA和hs-TnI联合检测时可以发挥较好的互补作用,对发病3 h内ACS的诊断具有较高的特异性和敏感性,且高于"TnI+Myo+CKMB"联合检测。     

分期手术治疗先天性脊柱侧凸合并脊髓纵裂和脊髓拴系的安全性与近期疗效

目的:评估分期手术治疗先天性脊柱侧凸合并脊髓纵裂和脊髓拴系患者的安全性与近期疗效。方法 :回顾性分析我院2009年1月~2014年1月收治的66例先天性脊柱侧凸合并脊髓纵裂和脊髓拴系患者的临床资料。其中男20例,女46例,年龄17.2±4.5岁(7~26岁)。5例患者术前存在下肢神经功能障碍。脊柱侧凸冠状位主弯Cobb角97.6°±23.5°(50°~165°),主弯位于颈胸段1例,胸段58例,胸腰段7例。23例同时存在矢状位后凸畸形,Cobb角89.5°±13.9°(47°~165°)。伴有Ⅰ型脊髓纵裂45例,Ⅱ型脊髓纵裂21例,均合并脊髓拴系。所有患者均行分期手术治疗:Ⅰ型脊髓纵裂组患者一期切除骨性分隔、松解脊髓拴系,Ⅱ型脊髓纵裂组患者一期松解脊髓拴系;一期术后3~4周,二期行侧凸矫形手术。结果:一期手术时间208.7±107.2min(60~505min),术中出血量297.1±192.6ml(20~2000ml);二期手术时间392.6±150.7min(196~600min),术中出血量2158.8±1158.4ml(450~6000ml)。术前存在下肢神经功能障碍的5例患者中,1例术后下肢肌力提高2级,感觉功能有所恢复;其余4例术后神经功能无明显变化。2例术前神经功能正常患者二期术中出现脊髓损伤(3.0%,2/66),其中1例术后双下肢肌力降为4级,感觉稍减退,术后1周感觉、运动功能完全恢复正常;另1例术后双下肢肌力降低至2级,双下肢及会阴部感觉减退,经脱水、激素冲击治疗及高压氧治疗,术后1个月双下肢肌力恢复至3级,术后2年随访时双下肢肌力恢复至4级,双下肢残留轻度麻木感,大小便功能正常。4例(6.1%,4/66)患者二期术后并发胸腔积液。均获得随访,随访时间12.4±3.5个月(6~24个月)。随访期间未发现椎弓根螺钉松动及断裂现象。脊柱侧凸矫形术后冠状位Cobb角为41.6°±17.8°(12°~107°),矫正率为(61.3±14.3)%;末次随访时冠状位Cobb角为43.7°±16.6°(15°~108°),丢失率为(1.9±1.1)%。术后矢状位后凸Cobb角为38.4°±11.0°(2°~78°),矫正率为(67.6±23.4)%,末次随访时矢状位Cobb角为39.7±11.2°(3°~87°),丢失率为(2.3±1.3)%。结论:分期手术治疗合并脊髓纵裂和脊髓拴系的先天性脊柱侧凸具有较高的手术安全性,并可获得较满意的矫形效果。     

老年糖尿病患者医院内获得性下呼吸道感染痰培养病原学分析

目的 探讨老年糖尿病患者医院内下呼吸道感染的临床特点及病原学情况。方法 回顾性调查85例老年糖尿病合并医院获得性下呼吸道感染患者的临床资料，分析病原学及细菌耐药性的特点与糖代谢的关系。结果 老年糖尿病患者下呼吸道感染的病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主，占73．9％，主要为铜绿假单胞菌18．2％、肺炎克雷伯菌15．9％、大肠杆菌14．8％。2种细菌混合感染占14．1％，细菌与真菌并存占6．8％。药物敏感试验提示：革兰阴性杆菌对抗菌素的敏感性依次为头孢他啶(Ceftazidime)72．3％、氧氟沙星(Ofloxacin)70．8％、头孢曲松(Ceftriaxone)63．1％、头孢噻肟(Cefotaxime)61．5％、头孢哌酮(Cefoperazone)61．5％、头孢唑啉(Cefazolin)60．O％、哌拉西林(Piperacillin)53．8％。革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素100％敏感。对青霉素、红霉素、四环素等呈现不同程度的耐药，耐药率在55％以上。血糖控制不好、基础疾病复杂、伴有并发症的老年糖尿病患者在医院内下呼吸道感染增多，且预后不良。结论 糖尿病患者中医院获得性下呼吸道感染常见，病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主，应参考药物敏感试验结果并在控制血糖的基础上进行抗炎治疗。     

肝癌和癌旁组织中核仁组成区嗜银蛋白表达的研究

核仁组成区(NORs)是细胞核中的DNA环,与核仁的形成及变化密切相关,硝酸银染色能特异地显示细胞核内含有rRNA基因的NORs。我们应用该技术观察45例肝癌及癌旁组织中AgNORs表达特征,发现AgNORs之基本形态为团块、颗粒和混合三型;正常、癌旁和肝癌组织的AgNORs数分别为1.88±0.22、3.58±0.78和7.92±3.01,依次递增明显,差别显著,其形态和分布亦异化悬殊;AgNORs计数和形态与HCC分化程度呈正相关,与HBV感染(80％的癌旁组织为HBV肝炎后肝硬化)之间的关系未能确定。Ag-NORs检测实用性强,值得进一步研究和应用。     

KyoT2 downregulates airway remodeling in asthma

The typical pathological features of asthma are airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). KyoT2, a negative modulator of Notch signaling, has been linked to asthma in several previous studies. However, whether KyoT2 is involved in the regulation of airway remodeling or the modulation of airway resistance in asthma is unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of KyoT2 in preventing asthma-associated airway remodeling and AHR. BALB/c mice were used to generate a mouse model of asthma. Additionally, the expression of Hes1 and Notch1 in airway was analyzed using Immunofluorescence examination. The asthmatic mice were intranasally administered adenovirus expressing KyoT2 and were compared to control groups. Furthermore, subepithelial fibrosis and other airway remodeling features were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, Van Gieson’s staining and Masson’s trichrome staining. AHR was also evaluated. This study revealed that KyoT2 downregulated the expression of Hes1, repressed airway remodeling, and alleviated AHR in asthmatic mice. It is reasonable to assume that KyoT2 downregulates airway remodeling and resistance in asthmatic mice through a Hes1-dependent mechanism. Therefore, KyoT2 is a potential clinical treatment strategy for asthma.     

Lung injury via oxidative stress in mice induced by inhalation exposure to rocket kerosene

Rocket kerosene (RK) is a new rocket propellant. Toxicity occurs if a high level of RK is inhaled. To study the toxicity of RK in lung and the mechanisms of RK-induced lung jury, a total of 72 male ICR mice (1.5 months, adult) were randomly assigned to the RK exposure group (RKEG) and normal control group (NCG). Mice were whole-body exposed to room air or aerosol of 18000 mg/m³ RK for 4 hours. Histopathological analysis was performed to evaluate the pulmonary lesions. Oxidative stress was assessed by assay of MDA, SOD, GSH-PX and TAOC. Inflammatory response was estimated by detecting inflammatory cell counts, TNF-α and IL-6 protein levels in serum. The results showed that after 2 to 6 hours of RK exposure, pulmonary vascular dilatation, congestion and edematous widening of the alveolar septum were noted. After 12 to 24 hours post-exposure, diffuse hemorrhage in alveolar space were found, along with the progressive pulmonary vascular dilatation and edematous widening of alveolar septum. During 3 to 7 days of RK-exposure, inflammatory cells were scattered in the lung tissue. The pathological alterations of the lung were alleviated after 14 days post-exposure, and showed significant improvement after 21 days post-exposure. After 30 days of RK exposure, the pathological changes in the lung tissue were nearly recovered except the local thickening of the alveolar wall. Compared with NCG, RK inhalation produced a significant increase of MDA levels and a significant decrease of SOD, GSH-Px and TAOC activity in the lung after 2 hours post-exposure (P < 0.05). There were significant increases of TNF-α and IL-6 protein levels in serum of mice in RKEG after 2, 6 and 12 hours and 1, 4 and 7 days post-exposure compared with NCG (P < 0.05). TNF-α protein levels had a sharp increase after 4 days of exposure. IL-6 protein level was increased at early phase of experiment and then gradually decreased along with the prolonged course of exposure. Considering that the RK-induced lung injury was through the oxidative stress, inhibition of oxidative stress after RK exposure may be urgently needed.     

单纯球囊亚满意扩张治疗后循环进展性卒中伴基底动脉极重度狭窄的效果分析

目的 评估应用单纯小球囊亚满意扩张治疗后循环进展性卒中伴基底动脉极重度狭窄的安全性及有效性.方法 回顾性分析战略支援部队特色医学中心2017年1月至2019年1月采用小球囊(Gateway 1.5 mm×9.0 mm或2.0 mm×9.0 mm)亚满意扩张治疗后循环进展性卒中并基底动脉极重度狭窄患者6例的临床及影像学资料.分析患者起病及进展后的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、狭窄血管直径、狭窄病变的分型、技术成功率、围手术期并发症、影像及临床随访结果等.结果 6例患者发病后短时间内,症状均有不同程度的进展.狭窄病变Mori分型A型4例,B型2例.狭窄病变术前残余管腔直径(0.15±0.05)mm,狭窄程度平均(93±3)%.采用小球囊亚满意扩张后,狭窄病变残余管腔直径(1.03±0.21)mm,残余狭窄程度平均(50±10)%,与术前比较,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为11.79、11.74,均P<0.01).围手术期并发症1例,为穿支脑梗死事件,经康复治疗后,症状逐渐改善.临床随访11~23个月,改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分≤2分5例,mRS评分3分1例.结论 对于伴有基底动脉极重度狭窄的后循环进展性卒中应积极进行干预,单纯小球囊亚满意扩张的技术成功率高,围手术期并发症较少,中短期疗效较好,是治疗该类疾病的可选方案.     

Microgravity inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α expression in macrophage cells

Objective and design

Microgravity environments in space can cause major abnormalities in human physiology, including decreased immunity. The underlying mechanisms of microgravity-induced inflammatory defects in macrophages are unclear.

Material or subjects

RAW264.7 cells and primary mouse macrophages were used in the present study. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine expression in mouse macrophages was detected under either simulated microgravity or 1g control.

Methods

Freshly isolated primary mouse macrophages and RAW264.7 cells were cultured in a standard simulated microgravity situation using a rotary cell culture system (RCCS-1) and 1g control conditions. The cytokine expression was determined by real-time PCR and ELISA assays. Western blots were used to investigate the related intracellular signals.

Results

LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression, but not interleukin-1β expression, in mouse macrophages was significantly suppressed under simulated microgravity. The molecular mechanism studies showed that LPS-induced intracellular signal transduction including phosphorylation of IKK and JNK and nuclear translocation of NF-κB in macrophages was identical under normal gravity and simulated microgravity. Furthermore, TNF-α mRNA stability did not decrease under simulated microgravity. Finally, we found that heat shock factor-1 (HSF1), a known repressor of TNF-α promoter, was markedly activated under simulated microgravity.

Conclusions

Short-term treatment with microgravity caused significantly decreased TNF-α production. Microgravity-activated HSF1 may contribute to the decreased TNF-α expression in macrophages directly caused by microgravity, while the LPS-induced NF-κB pathway is resistant to microgravity.