封闭负压引流干预慢性创面神经生长因子和微血管的变化

背景：随着老龄化程度的增加,慢性创面呈上升趋势,在治愈慢性创面方法匮乏的情况下,封闭负压引流技术开始应用于临床。目的：观察封闭负压引流技术对人慢性创面组织中神经生长因子表达及微血管数量的影响,探索促进慢性创面愈合的机制。方法：以10例慢性创面患者为观察对象,其中胸部软组织缺损、骨髓炎伴骨外露和截肢后残端大面积皮肤缺损各1例、皮肤撕脱伤后创面感染2例、胫骨骨髓炎2例、术后伤口感染3例。分别于封闭负压引流技术吸引前、吸引7 d和14 d切取创周皮肤和创面内肉芽组织,采用免疫组织化学技术检测神经生长因子表达和微血管数量变化,并观察伤口愈合情况。结果与结论：封闭负压引流技术治疗7 d和14 d后成纤维细胞及血管内皮细胞中的神经生长因子表达明显高于治疗前（P ＜0.001）。封闭负压引流治疗使微血管数量显著增加（P ＜0.05-0.01）。封闭负压引流治疗前创基内肉芽组织量少且较晦暗,存在坏死组织和较多脓性分泌物,伤口周围组织肿胀明显。经封闭负压引流治疗后,伤口内坏死组织和脓性分泌物逐渐减少,肉芽组织呈细颗粒状,鲜红色,触之易出血,伤口周围水肿消退。提示封闭负压引流技术可以提高慢性创面创周组织中神经生长因子表达和微血管数量,促进创面愈合。     

成年大鼠急性压迫性脊髓损伤模型音猬因子的表达

背景：在神经系统的发育中,音猬因子信号通路的主要作用为诱导整个中枢神经系统形成背腹两侧分区,当这一信号通路受到破坏时,将导致整个中枢神经系统腹侧表型神经元的完全丧失。目的：制造成年大鼠急性压迫性脊髓损伤模型,检测脊髓急性压迫性损伤后与发育相关的重要分子音猬因子的表达,探讨其在神经再生过程中所发挥的作用。方法：将30只同龄SD大鼠置入后路压迫装置,制作成急性压迫性脊髓损伤模型。随机分为椎板钻孔组5只和急性脊髓损伤组25只。应用原位杂交检测方法,分别于脊髓损伤后1,3,5,7,14 d对损伤区行音猬因子mRNA检测。结果与结论：脊髓损伤后7 d,音猬因子表达水平达到最大值,在损伤区至远端10 mm处的灰质和白质中都有表达。音猬因子在室管膜细胞的表达明显低于在灰质和白质中的表达;其在室管膜区域的表达仅限于损伤区域周围5 mm的范围内,分布范围明显小于在灰质和白质中的表达。提示激活急性压迫性脊髓损伤模型音猬因子的表达,可能和损伤脊髓神经的再生有关。     

ERS与miRNAs间的相互作用在类风湿关节炎中的研究进展

类风湿关节炎是一种慢性的,以滑膜炎为主要特征的自身免疫性疾病[1]。类风湿关节炎的发病机制十分复杂,目前的研究发现,内质网应激和微小RNA可能参与了其病理过程。目前,就内质网应激或微小RNA单独对类风湿关节炎的影响已有相关研究涉及,但此二者共同在类风湿关节炎的发生、发展中产生的作用鲜有报道。现就内质网应激与微小RNA间的     

提高股骨干骨折合并同侧股骨颈骨折早期诊断率的前瞻性研究

Objective To evaluate a serf-designed diagnostic protoeol which can early detect a femoral neck fracture for patients with a femoral shaft fracture. Methods From September 2005 to June 2007, a self-developed protocol was used to detect an ipsilateral femoral neck fracture for all the patients with femoral shaft fracture who had sought treatment in our department. This protocol consisted of anteroposterior plain radiography of internal rotator, intraoperative fluoroscopy of the hip, a fine (2 mm) cut computed to-mographic scan through the femoral neck, postoperative anteroposterior and lateral plain radiography of the hip in the operating room prior to awakening the patient, at the time of follow-up anteroposterior and lateral plain radiography of the hip in the presence of hip pain. The diagnostic effects of the protocol were compared with those of conventional diagnosis used for all the patients with femoral shaft fracture who had sought treatment in our department from September 2003 to August 2005. A chi-square analysis comparing the protocol group (September 2005 to June 2007) and the non-protocol group (September 2003 to August 2005) was used to assess the early and delayed diagnosis rates for an associated ipsilateral femoral neck fracture. Results The earlydiagnosis rate of an associated femoral neck fracture by the protocol was 93.8%, markedly higher than that by conventional method (46.2%), with statistically significant difference (χ2 = 4.069, P =0.044). Conclu-sion In presence of a femoral shaft fracture. this protocol consisting of plain radiography of intemal rotator, intraoperative fluoroscopy of the hip, fine cut computed tomographic scan of the femoral neck, postoperative plain radiography of the hip, and follow-up plain radiography of the hip in the presence of hip pain, may sig-nificantly improve the diagnostic rate of an associated femoral neck fracture.     

关节软骨缺损修复研究进展

关节软骨是滑膜关节重要的结构和功能单位，一旦关节软骨发生损伤，由于软骨组织本身缺乏血管，缺乏修复损伤和缺损的未分化细胞，软骨细胞包埋于致密的胶原一蛋白多糖基质中，限制了细胞的增殖和迁移能力，所以自身修复能力非常有限，若治疗不及时或不恰当，难以形成正常的关节软骨，因而无法满足正常关节的功能需求，将会导致严重的关节功能障碍。     

球囊扩张支架成形术治疗症状性MCA狭窄的临床观察

目的:评估球囊扩张支架在治疗症状性大脑中动脉狭窄的安全性及有效性,并对相关问题进行探讨。方法:对2007年至2010年经治的12例由大脑中动脉段狭窄引起的缺血性脑卒中患者实施经皮穿刺大脑中动脉狭窄球囊扩张支架手术,每位患者均有DSA全脑血管造影资料,1例为急症,术前一次服用氯吡咯雷300mg,择期11例术前3天口服氯吡咯雷75mg+阿司匹林100mg,手术在全麻下进行,全程静脉肝素化,再次行脑血管造影,确定狭窄位置及狭窄程度,并据此选择直径2.5mm,长度为8~10mm的球囊扩张支架系统,扩张压力为6~8Kpa。记录围手术期并发症,评价狭窄程度的变化及临床表现。结果:1例患者因颈内动脉虹吸段严重迂曲,支架未能通过而放弃手术,其余11例患者成功置入支架11枚,支架释放后大脑中动脉平均狭窄率由术前的85.6%降为术后的5.7%。术中1例患者出现血管痉挛,术后1例患者出现高灌注综合症,给予相应处理后好转;支架内血栓形成1例,溶栓后再通,其余患者临床症状有不同程度改善,以TIA为主的患者临床疗效最为显著。所有患者随访1~4年,10例患者未出现与治疗血管相关的脑缺血事件,1例患者于术后半年因再次出现缺血性卒中发作而住院治疗。2例患者在随访期间出现程度不等的再狭窄。结论:球囊扩张支架治疗SMCAS在本组病例是安全的,且短期疗效肯定,但中远期再狭窄或闭塞的发生率较高,有一定比例的卒中复发。     

VSD加外固定架在四肢开放性骨折中的应用

目的 探讨研究使用创面负压封闭引流技术（VSD）联合外固定架治疗肢体骨折的临床效果.方法 将在本院治疗的36例四肢开放性的患者,随机分为观察组与实验组,每组各18人,观察组采取常规开放性骨折治疗,实验组采用VSD联合外固定架方法进行治疗.结果 与观察组患者对比,实验组16例患者骨折愈合良好,仅1例感染,且伤口创面愈合良好,肢体功能恢复良好,各项指标经统计学计算,P＜0.05,差异具有统计学意义.结论 VSD联合外固定架对于四肢开放性骨折具有良好的降低感染的效果,并且促进创面愈合,值得临床推广应用.     

高频超声对膝部外伤性病变的诊断价值

目的 探讨高频超声对膝部外伤性病变的诊断价值.方法 对98例外伤后膝部损伤的患者行高频超声动态检查,观察其声像图改变及特征,并与MR及手术结果对比分析.结果 98例膝部外伤性病变中57例膝关节腔积液、积血,其中41例合并韧带和半月板损伤;肌腱撕裂和肌腱完全断裂(与MR检查比较)诊断符合率为 93.3%;肌肉部分撕裂和完全断裂(与MR检查比较)诊断符合率为 91.7%;韧带损伤和半月板损伤(与手术结果比较)诊断符合率为 67.7%和 71.4%.结论 高频超声可作为外伤后膝部损伤的常规影像学检查方法.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of high frequency ultrasound on lesions of knee traumas.Methods Ninty-eight cases with post-traumatic knee injuries were examined by high frequency ultrasound,and the characteristics of changing ultrasonogram were observed and comparing with surgical results and MR.Results Of the 98 cases with post-traumatic knee injuries,there were 57 cases with effusion and hematocele in knee joint,among which there were 41 cases with collateral ligaments and meniscus injuries,the diagnostic coincidence rate was 93.3% in tendon tear and complete tendon fracture(compared with MR),91.7% in partial and complete muscle tear(compared with MR),67.7% and 71.4% in collateral ligaments and meniscus injuries(compared with surgical results).Conclusions High frequency ultrasound can be used as a conventional imaging examination method for post-traumatic knee injuries.     

外源性血管内皮生长因子对损伤脊髓的作用

目的 研究外源性血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)局部应用对大鼠损伤脊髓神经组织的作用.方法采用改良Allen氏重量打击法大鼠急性脊髓损伤模型.脊髓打击性损伤后,将模型大鼠随机分组,并依组别在蛛网膜下腔分别给药.A组:生理盐水10μL,B组:Matrigel蛋白胶10 μL,C组:重组人VEGF165 0.2 μg+Matr...