SLE患者淋巴细胞膜上IL-2R表达的动态分析

本实验采用Wu Tac单克隆抗体的间接荧光抗体法,动态观察了系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者和正常供血员(对照组)的外周血淋巴细胞经PHA刺激后,于不同时间(0、24、48、72小时)内细胞膜上白细胞介素2受体(IL-2R)的表达。结果表明在给予PHA刺激培养24、48和72小时后,与对照组比较SLE患者淋巴细胞的IL-2R表达明显下降,提示了SLE的T淋巴细胞反应性降低可能与被激活的T细胞表面IL-2R的表达功能缺陷有关。此结果将有助于进一步探讨SLE的免疫调节紊乱的发生机制。     

锁定接骨板治疗累及肱骨距的肱骨近端骨折：有效支撑、并发症和功能恢复

文题释义： 肱骨距：为肱骨头下方内侧壁的一段骨皮质区域，位于肱骨头下内侧及背侧区，该区域含有较多的骨小梁，肱骨近端三、四部分骨折时常累及肱骨距，而“距螺钉”放置在该区域能支撑肱骨头，维持内侧柱稳定。肱骨距概念的提出是为了更好地治疗肱骨近端骨折，因此很好的理解肱骨距的重要性及了解肱骨距粉碎的形态对于治疗肱骨近端骨折非常重要。 内侧柱支撑：肱骨近端骨折常伴有肱骨距粉碎，Philos钢板固定后，容易出现肱骨头坏死、螺钉穿出关节面等并发症，通过使用特殊的距螺钉置入肱骨距区域或使用同种异体腓骨髓内支撑，能给肱骨近端内侧柱提供有效支撑，防止术后肱骨头内翻等并发症的发生。 背景：肱骨近端骨折的保头治疗是创伤骨科的难点，而如何获得内侧柱支撑是近年研究的热点。 目的：总结肱骨距的一般概念、临床意义及作用、常见的损伤原因、钢板固定治疗进展，以期提高临床医师对肱骨距的认识，减少手术并发症的发生。 方法：由第一作者检索2004至2019年万方、知网、维普、PubMed、Web of science、Springer Link等数据库收录的关于肱骨近端内侧壁治疗及研究进展的相关文献。英文检索词为“proximal humeral fracture，Philos，infermedial screw，calcar screw，fibularallograft，middle support”，中文检索词为“肱骨近端骨折，肱骨距，内侧柱，钢板，腓骨移植”，同时对文章中参考文献进行人工检索。按照纳入排除标准最终共纳入51篇文献进行综述。 结果与结论：①目前对于肱骨距的范围定义仍不明确，累及肱骨距的骨折目前无统一的分型标准，X射线片显示的肱骨距损伤模式常常与骨折实际情况不符，累及肱骨距的骨折往往是复杂的骨折。临床医师对肱骨距认识、重视程度不够是引起肱骨距损伤和未能得到很好修复的主要原因；②钢板治疗仍是肱骨近端骨折的首选，对于“可修复性内侧壁”，根据肱骨距损伤情况决定重建内侧柱方式，使用距螺钉、同种异体腓骨髓内植骨、骨水泥增强、内侧钢板都是可行的方法，术中实现内侧壁解剖复位、获得内侧柱的有效支撑能帮助减少术后并发症，而内侧钢板的使用需要更多研究进一步验证，肩袖修复对内侧柱支撑也是至关重要的；③肱骨距的范围需要达成统一的观点，充分了解肱骨距的重要性对于肱骨近端骨折治疗至关重要。术前应详细了解肱骨距的骨折模式，选择最佳手术方式，术中实现内侧壁的解剖复位、获得内侧柱的有效支撑可减少骨折术后并发症，术中肩袖的良好修复也是患者取得较好功能很重要的一环。 ORCID: 0000-0002-5163-1529(徐鹏) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程     

Quick identification of effective small interfering RNAs that inhibit the replication of coxsackievirus A16

Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) is a major causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). It can cause myocarditis, pericarditis and fatal shock. There is no effective therapy against CA16. RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool to silence gene expression. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) that induces RNA degradation has recently been used as an anti-virus agent to inhibit virus replication. In this study, we established the complete nucleotide sequence of CA16 strain Shzh05-1, and then compared the nucleotide sequences of Shzh05-1 with sequences of other CA16 strains in GenBank. We chose conserved regions between Shzh05-1 and the two other CA16 strains to design 30 siRNAs and construct siRNA-encoding plasmids. Thirteen siRNAs targeting conserved regions of the virus could effectively block replication of CA16 in cultured cells. Combination transfection of these 13 effective siRNAs could also produce a high inhibitory effect. These strategies and results suggest that RNAi has potential therapeutic use for suppression of CA16 infection.     

小鼠肠系膜淋巴结淋巴母细胞在体内归巢的辐射效应

本实验采用液体闪烁计数及放射自显影技术,研究了³H·TdR标记的供体ICR小鼠肠系膜淋巴结(MLN)淋巴母细胞经0Gy～16by的Co⁶⁰γ线体外照射后,在同系受体动物体内的迁移与归巢。实验结果表明；中等剂量以上的Co⁶⁰γ线外照射对MLN淋巴母细胞的选择性归巢有明显的抑制作用。     

乳腺癌预后危险因素分析

目的探讨影响乳腺癌患者预后情况的高危因素,为制定有效的临床治疗方案奠定理论基础。方法对162例乳腺癌病例进行调查分析,采用Cox回归对所获得资料进行统计分析。结果不恰当的激素治疗可能是乳腺癌预后的危险因素,而雌激素受体和孕激素受体则具有保护作用。结论乳腺癌激素治疗的不恰当对乳腺癌的复发及转移有促进作用,在临床治疗方面尤其值得注意。     

Trends of self-reported non-adherence among type 2 diabetes medication users in the United States across three years using the self-reported Medication Adherence Reasons Scale

Background & aimsTo determine the trends of self-reported non-adherence rates among adults taking Type 2 medicines (T2D) medicines between 2017 and 2019 and to identify the patterns for the frequently reported reasons for non-adherence in the United States.Methods & resultsData from the National Health and Wellness Survey, a self-administered, internet-based cross-sectional survey of US adults from 2017 to 2019 was used. Non-adherence was measured using the self-reported Medication Adherence Reasons Scale (MAR-Scale). Frequencies were used to identify the reasons for non-adherence for insulin and non-insulin therapies for T2D.Data were obtained from 2983 respondents in 2017, 5416 in 2018, and 5268 in 2019. Based on the MAR-Scale, the self-reported medication non-adherence rate was 25% in 2017, 21% in 2018, and 27% in 2019. The most common reason for non-adherence across all the three years was simple forgetfulness, yet patients reported the lowest mean number of days missing medication for that reason. Though less frequently reported, non-adherence lasted longer when patient did not know how to take their medicines, cost was a reason, or had concerns about the long term effects of the medicines.ConclusionsWith no significant improvement in adherence with T2D medicines over time, regardless of better awareness and extensive diabetes education, focus should be on individualized non-adherence reasons-based interventions.     

Population and forensic analysis of 9 non-CODIS markers in Slovak population

Genetic analyses of STR markers provide data for several important applications, including criminal caseworks, kinship analyses and population studies. In this study, we describe the parameters of nine STR markers (D2S1360, D3S1744, D4S2366, D5S2500, D6S474, D7S1517, D8S1132, D10S2325, D21S2055) in Slovak population and compare them with several European and worldwide populations. Since these markers are not commonly used in forensic practice, our data might provide subsidiary discriminatory power in the most demanding criminal examinations, where additional markers need to be analyzed. Moreover, we performed the MDS analysis and constructed a phylogenetic tree representing genetic relationships between several European populations based on Nei’s D_A distance. We show that the analysis of just 9 markers is sufficient for reliable clustering of different European populations and their separation from the populations from other geographical areas. Taken together, our data provide a reliable dataset characterizing the Slovak population, which might serve as a basis for criminal, population and kinship studies.