基于太赫兹时域光谱技术的名贵动物药材龟甲的真伪品鉴别

目的： 建立一种利用太赫兹时域光谱和多种化学计量学方法鉴别龟甲真伪的新方法。方法： 选用正品乌龟和伪品红耳彩龟的腹甲进行实验,先用经典的性状鉴别、显微鉴别方法比较两种样品的典型性状特征,后利用太赫兹时域光谱仪测得样品的光谱信息,对样品谱图进行平滑处理和基线校准,并运用化学计量方法进行数据分析以区分正品和伪品龟甲。结果： 性状鉴别结果显示完整正、伪品龟甲样品仅有细微差异,且其碎片或粉末基本无差异;显微鉴别未在两种样品中发现明显的特征差异性结构;两种样品的太赫兹时域光谱曲线图经快速傅里叶变换滤波器平滑滤波处理、正交偏最小二乘法判别分析处理后呈现显著差异。结论： 利用太赫兹时域光谱技术结合正交偏最小二乘法判别分析可以实现龟甲真伪品的精准鉴别。     

胆道镜辅助Glission蒂横断法在腹腔镜左半肝切除治疗左肝内胆管结石的应用

目的：　探讨腹腔镜下胆道镜辅助Glisson蒂法解剖性左半肝切除治疗左肝内胆管结石的可行性。方法：　回顾性分析2016年12月至2020年2月中国人民解放军西部战区总医院全军普外中心采用腹腔镜下胆道镜辅助Glisson蒂法解剖性左半肝切除处置的10例左肝内胆管结石患者的临床资料。结果：　10例患者中男性4 例,女性6 例;年龄45~68 岁;10例患者均手术成功,手术时间245（200,320） min,术中出血300（200,650） mL,术中左肝蒂在胆道镜引导下采用一次性切割吻合器离断,离断位置良好,无一例出现保留侧胆管损伤,无一例出现大出血和胆漏;无一例出现中转开腹;术后不良事件轻微,1例患者出现轻微漏胆,1例出现少量胸腔积液,Clavien-Dindo并发症分级均为Ⅱ级,经保守治疗后痊愈;恢复流质饮食时间90~102 h,术后住院时间8~13 d,住院费用为（4.02±0.36）万元。结论：　腹腔镜下胆道镜辅助Glisson蒂法解剖性左半肝切除治疗左肝内胆管结石在器械、技术保障下是安全、可行的,且不会增加患者住院费用。     

普雷沃氏菌感染致肺脓肿特征分析

目的探讨普雷沃氏菌及其感染导致的肺脓肿的诊断学特征。 方法回顾性分析2021年8月22日西部战区总医院呼吸与危重症医学科收治的1例普雷沃氏菌感染所致肺脓肿患者的临床相关资料,查阅并复习与之相关的文献资料。 结果51岁男性患者以发热伴胸痛就诊,经常规痰液、胸腔积液及血液细菌培养均未发现明确致病菌,血常规及降钙素原等感染指标明显升高,胸部CT提示肺脓肿形成,经验性先后予以美罗培南、莫西沙星、甲硝唑抗感染治疗近1个月无效。灌洗液及血液宏基因组二代测序(mNGS)技术明确致病菌为普雷沃氏菌,进而针对病原学治疗,患者病情好转。 结论普雷沃氏菌是一种条件致病菌,当感染患者经常规经验性治疗无效时,mNGS技术在复杂性感染病原学诊断中具有重要价值和意义,值得在临床上进一步推广。     

柚皮苷激活Maxi K对糖尿病心脏的保护作用

目的探讨柚皮苷(naringin, NA)通过激活大电导钙激活钾离子通道(the large conductance Ca;activated K;channels, Maxi K)对糖尿病心肌病的保护作用。方法高脂饲料喂养SD大鼠,随后腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin, STZ)建立糖尿病大鼠模型。造模后随机分为模型组(DCM),柚皮苷治疗组(NA),柚皮苷+Maxi K特异性抑制剂治疗组(NA+PAX),每组8只大鼠。治疗组大鼠连续给药12周,定期检测血糖。结束后观察大鼠心功能、形态及纤维化改变;并检测心脏Maxi K的α及β亚基变化。结果超声显示NA可部分恢复大鼠心功能,而特异性阻断Maxi K后,NA对心脏的保护作用明显下降;纤维化分析显示NA治疗后可降低大鼠胶原蛋白及纤连蛋白表达,该作用可被PAX部分逆转;而Western blot结果显示Maxi Kα及β亚基在DCM组表达下降,NA治疗后无明显改变。结论柚皮苷通过促进细胞膜表面Maxi K通道开放而非增加其表达产生对糖尿病大鼠的心脏保护作用。     

PTEN suppresses the inflammation,viability, and motility of AP-AR42J cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway

Acute pancreatitis (AP), a kind of common acute abdominal disease and typical chemical inflammation, is commonly caused by pancreatin digestion of the pancreas and surrounding tissues. The gene for phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor that regulates numerous cellular processes. In the present study, we have elaborately investigated the effect of PTEN on the alleviating of AP and its underlying mechanisms. Firstly, we demonstrated an up-regulation of PTEN in the pancreatic tissues from AP rats by immunochemistry, qRT-PCR and western-blot assays. Subsequently, cellular experiments exhibited that PTEN has a significant inhibition effect on the proliferation, invasion and migration of AP cells. Further underlying mechanism studies showed that the growth of AP cells was mainly restrained by PTEN in the G1 phase through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which can be demonstrated by the down-regulation of various pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-10, TNF and IL-1β. Taking these results together, we can draw the conclusion that PTEN plays a significant role in suppressing the inflammation, viability and motility of acute pancreatitis and could be a potential target for AP therapies.

Acute pancreatitis (AP), a kind of common acute abdominal disease and typical chemical inflammation, is commonly caused by pancreatin digestion of the pancreas and surrounding tissues.     

D-二聚体在类风湿关节炎中的临床意义

目的探讨D-二聚体在类风湿关节炎(RA)中的临床意义。方法纳入RA患者134例(RA组),同时纳入健康体检者(健康对照组)、系统性红斑狼疮(SLE,SLE组)及原发性干燥综合征(PSS,PSS组)患者各30例。依据28个关节的疾病活动度评分(DAS28),将RA患者分为缓解组(DAS28<2.6)、低疾病活动组(2.6≤DAS28<3.2)、中疾病活动组(3.2≤DAS28≤5.1)及高疾病活动组(DAS28>5.1)。检测各组受试者血浆D-二聚体水平并进行比较,采用Pearson相关分析和多因素logistic回归分析评估RA患者D-二聚体与其他指标之间的相关性。结果RA组受试者D-二聚体水平明显高于健康对照组、SLE组、PSS组(P<0.01)。不同疾病活动组RA患者D-二聚体水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中缓解组低于3个疾病活动组,低疾病活动组和中疾病活动组均低于高疾病活动组(P<0.01)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,RA患者D-二聚体与年龄、PLT计数、红细胞沉降率、C反应蛋白、DAS28、凝血酶原时间、纤维蛋白降解产物、纤维蛋白原水平均呈正相关,与血红蛋白呈负相关(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析,结果显示,DAS28、纤维蛋白降解产物水平升高是RA患者D-二聚体水平升高的危险因素(P<0.01)。结论RA患者D-二聚体水平可较好地反映疾病活动度,对判断预后具有意义,可作为评价RA病情活动性的参考指标之一。     

Global burden of thermal burns, 1990–2017: Unbalanced distributions and temporal trends assessed from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

BackgroundMany studies demonstrate that being burned has both physical and psychological sequelae that affect quality of life. Further, these effects may be more prevalent in some regions and populations. We sought to access the unbalanced distributions and temporal trends concerning the health burden of thermal burns.MethodsData were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017, and the disability-adjusted life year (DALY)¹ was used as a measure of health burden. Linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between the age-standardized DALY rate and socio-demographic index.² Joinpoint regression analysis and comparison line charts were all applied to assess the temporal trends of burns.ResultsThe age-standardized DALY rate of global thermal burns decreased by 43.7%, from 197 (95% CI: 152–228) per 100,000 in 1990 to 111 (95% CI: 93–129) per 100,000 in 2017. The burden was borne mainly by children 1–4 years of age and people over 80 years. Socio-demographic index was negatively correlated with the age-standardized DALY rate. In low-middle and low socio-demographic index regions, the decreasing trends were slower than other regions with an average annual percentage change of ?2.1% (95% CI: ?2.2 to ?2.0) and ?2.1% (95% CI: ?2.1 to ?2.0), respectively. Among six geographical regions, Africa presented the highest age-standardized DALY rates of 352 (95% CI: 275–410) per 100,000 in 1990 and 208 (95% CI: 175–236) per 100,000 in 2017, and also the slowest average decreasing trend, with an average annual percentage change of ?1.9% (95% CI: ?2 to ?1.8).ConclusionsThe global burden of thermal burns shows a downward trend from 1990 to 2017, and regions with lower socio-demographic index and Africa show greater burdens and smaller downward trends.     

异卵双胎兄妹同患着色性干皮病

患儿1 男，2岁，因面部干燥、瘙痒、斑点状色素沉着近9个月，于2011年8月就诊。出生后3个月开始面部皮肤发红，尤其日光照射后似醉酒貌，鼻部及两侧出现黑色和棕褐色针头至黄豆大小斑点，互不融合，日晒后瘙痒明显，后皮损渐增多，累及整个面中部，额部和下颏部未受累。躯干和四肢无皮损……     

柴胡桂枝汤联合盐酸羟考酮缓释片治疗癌性疼痛的临床疗效观察

目的:探讨柴胡桂枝汤联合盐酸羟考酮缓释片治疗癌性疼痛的疗效。方法:80例癌痛患者随机分为对照组和治疗组各40例，参照癌痛规范化疗治疗要求，观察患者生活质量评分改善、不良反应、日均吗啡消耗量、爆发痛频次等指标。结果:治疗组便秘发生率（5.0% vs 22.5%）、总不良反应发生率（47.5% vs 85.0%）均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）；治疗组生活质量评分改善［（22.25±6.60）分］显著高于对照组［（17.00±6.07）分］（P＜0.05）；治疗组日均吗啡消耗量［（203.82±52.58）mg］显著低于对照组［(245.09±67.57) mg］(P＜0.05)；治疗组累积爆发痛频次（10.58±1.80）显著低于对照组（13.55±2.58）（P＜0.05）。结论:柴胡桂枝汤联合盐酸羟考酮缓释片治疗癌痛具有增效减毒之效，更能提高癌痛患者生活质量。