Bone Metabolism Discrepancy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With and Without Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

To explore the distribution of several bone metabolic indicators in type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM) with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to preliminarily evaluate the relationship of bone metabolism with NAFLD in patients with T2DM. The hospitalized patients with T2DM were divided into the group of T2DM complicated with NAFLD and the group of T2DM alone according to the results of ultrasonic diagnosis. The general information and laboratory test data such as bone metabolism indexes of these patients were collected and the differences of the indexes between the 2 groups were compared. Furthermore, the independent influencing factors of NAFLD in patients with T2DM were analyzed. A total of 186 patients were included in the study. Compared with patients with T2DM only, patients with T2DM combined with NAFLD were characterized with younger age (p < 0.001), higher BMI (p = 0.016), ALT (p = 0.001), TG (p = 0.005), HOMA-IR (p = 0.005), and lower HDL-C (p = 0.031). Significant discrepancy of age (OR 1.052, p = 0.001), ALT (OR 0.964, p = 0.047), HOMA-IR (OR 0.801, p = 0.005), and T-PINP (OR 1.022, p = 0.008) was found using multivariate logistic regression model. Significant discrepancy of T-PINP was found in T2DM patients with and without NAFLD. Further studies are needed to explore whether T-PINP could be used as a predictor of fatty liver disease, osteoporosis, and other related complications in patients with T2DM.     

Changes in Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue in Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Youth Undergoing Pubertal Suppression: A Pilot Study

Pubertal suppression with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists in transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) youth may affect acquisition of peak bone mass. Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) has an inverse relationship with bone mineral density (BMD). To evaluate the effect of pubertal suppression on BMAT, in this pilot study we prospectively studied TGNC youth undergoing pubertal suppression and cisgender control participants with similar pubertal status over a 12-month period. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Magnetic Resonance T1 relaxometry (T1-R) and spectroscopy (MRS) were performed to quantify BMAT at the distal femur. We compared the change in BMD, T1-R values, and MRS lipid indices between the two groups. Six TGNC (two assigned female and four assigned male at birth) and three female control participants (mean age 10.9 and 11.7 years, respectively) were enrolled. The mean lumbar spine BMD Z-score declined by 0.29 in the TGNC group, but increased by 0.48 in controls (between-group difference 0.77, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.45). Similar findings were observed with the change in trabecular volumetric BMD at the 3% tibia site (-4.1% in TGNC, +3.2% in controls, between-group difference 7.3%, 95% CI: 0.5%-14%). Distal femur T1 values declined (indicative of increased BMAT) by 7.9% in the TGNC group, but increased by 2.1% in controls (between-group difference 10%, 95% CI: -12.7%, 32.6%). Marrow lipid fraction by MRS increased by 8.4% in the TGNC group, but declined by 0.1% in controls (between-group difference 8.5%, 95% CI: -50.2%, 33.0%). In conclusion, we observed lower bone mass acquisition and greater increases in BMAT indices by MRI and MRS in TGNC youth after 12 months of GnRH agonists compared with control participants. Early changes in BMAT may underlie an alteration in bone mass acquisition with pubertal suppression, including alterations in mesenchymal stem cells within marrow.     

超声引导下经皮肝穿注射无水乙醇治疗肝癌的护理体会

目的总结超声引导下经皮肝穿注射无水乙醇治疗肝癌的护理体会。方法对67例肝癌患者行无水乙醇注射治疗,就术前、术中、术后护理进行回顾性分析,探讨积极有效的护理方法。结果 67例患者均一次穿刺成功,顺利完成介入治疗。术后均有不同程度疼痛(67/67)、77.6%发热(52/67)、31.3%出现呕吐(21/67)、37.3%丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高(25/67)。结论积极有效的护理工作,是减轻患者痛苦、提高介入治疗成功和疗效的有力保证。     

超声诊断晶体溶解性青光眼的临床价值

【】 目的　探讨晶状体溶解性青光眼的的超声表现,提高超声检查对其诊断准确率。方法 选取我院临床手术确诊、并经超声检查的7例晶状体溶解性青光眼患者的临床资料,回顾性分析超声诊断晶状体溶解性青光眼的客观性声像图特征。结果　7例晶状体溶解性青光眼患者,超声均表现为晶体表面粗糙和周边的不规整,前房变深,有别于成熟期白内障。结论　超声检查晶状体溶解性青光眼,具有较客观的声像图征象,可为临床早期诊治提供依据。     

血清CEA、NSE、CYFR21-1水平检测在肺癌诊断和鉴别诊断的应用价值

目的 探讨血清CEA、NSE、CYFR21-1水平在肺癌诊断和鉴别诊断的应用价值.方法 采用电化学发光法,检测102例肺癌患者、52例肺良性病变患者和30例健康体检者血清CEA、NSE、CYFR21-1水平.结果 血清CEA、NSE、CYFR21-1水平与病理类型有关,CEA水平升高以肺腺癌为主,敏感性为53.49%;CYFR21-1水平升高以肺鳞癌为主,敏感性为62.85%;NSE升高以小细胞肺癌为主,敏感性为77.27%.结论 CEA联合NSE、CYFR21-1检测可提高对肺腺癌的敏感性,CYFR21-1单项或联合NSE检测可用于肺鳞癌的诊断和鉴别诊断,单纯NSE检测即对小细胞肺癌的诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要意义.     

冠心病心功能分级与心脏彩超相关性分析

目的 对冠心病(CHD)患者心脏彩超参数进行分析,探讨其与心功能分级的相关性。方法 166例CHD患者根据美国纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)心功能分级进行分组：心功能Ⅰ级(A组48例)、心功能Ⅱ级(B组45例)、心功能Ⅲ级(C组40例)、心功能Ⅳ级(33例),同期选择50名健康体检者作为正常对照组(NC组),对两组进行心脏超声检查,比较各组左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、二尖瓣舒张早期峰值流速/二尖瓣环舒张早期峰值流速(E/Ea)。同时,绘制ROC曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),以评价各指标在CHD中的诊断价值,并对心功能分级、LVESD、LVEDD、LVEF、E/Ea进行相关性分析。结果 1) 随着心功能分级的进展,LVESD、LVEDD、E/Ea显著升高,LVEF显著降低(P＜0.05);2) 通过ROC曲线分析,LVESD、LVEDD、LVEF、E/Ea在CHD诊断中的AUC分别为0.888、0.753、0.123、0.770;3) 心功能分级与LVESD、LVEDD、E/Ea显著正相关,与LVEF显著负相关(P＜0.001)。结论 对CHD患者行心脏超声监测LVESD、LVEDD、LVEF、E/Ea可用于评价CHD心功能变化。     

依达拉奉治疗老年急性脑干梗死的疗效观察

老年脑干梗死是缺血性脑血管病中较为严重的一种类型,其病情凶险,进展快,并发症多,病死率高,预后差,随着头颅磁共振成像(MRI)的广泛应用,临床上发现老年脑干梗死患者逐渐增多。因此探索对脑干梗死的有效治疗方法应为当务之急。近年来,国内外研究证实羟自由基清除剂—依达拉奉对     

闭式引流合用甘露聚糖肽与顺铂治疗癌性胸腔积液

目的观察胸腔穿刺置深静脉导管引流合用甘露聚糖肽联用顺铂与单用顺铂治疗癌性胸腔积液的疗效和毒副反应。方法癌性胸腔积液住院患者60例,分为治疗、对照两组,各30例。用一次性中心静脉导管行胸腔穿刺置管引流胸液,分别经引流管胸腔内注入甘露聚糖肽、顺铂与单用顺铂治疗。结果治疗组有效率83.3%,明显优于对照组的53.3%,P〈0.05。结论胸腔穿刺置深静脉引流合用灌注甘露聚糖肽联用顺铂治疗癌性胸腔积液的疗效优于单用顺铂治疗。     

3D-pCASL与DSC-MRI在急性轻度创伤性脑损伤中的应用价值

目的探讨三维伪连续式动脉自旋标记(3D-pCASL)技术和动态磁敏感对比磁共振成像(DSC-MRI)技术在急性轻度创伤性脑损伤(mTBI)中的临床应用价值。方法选取25例急性轻度创伤性脑损伤患者的常规MRI、磁敏感加权成像(SWI)、DWI、3D-pCASL和DSC-MRI图像。比较3D-pCASL与DSC-MRI两种灌注成像技术所测得的脑血流量(CBF)与相对脑血流量(rCBF)的差异。结果3D-pCASL与DSC-MRI可发现常规MRI无法显示的mTBI患者脑内血流灌注减低区域。两种技术测量局部脑内低灌注区和对侧镜面区配对t检验结果,CBF(P<0.01)和rCBF(P<0.01)差异有统计学意义。3D-pCASL和DSC-MRI两种方法所测得的CBF与rCBF有显著相关性(r=0.622,P=0.001)。结论3D-pCASL和DSC-MRI技术对显示脑内低灌注病灶具有较好的一致性。这两种方法在评估mTBI患者的局部血流灌注情况方面有很好的应用价值,对临床早期诊断与改善预后具有重要意义。