目的 分析抑郁、焦虑症状的检出率及影响因素,为积极应对老年心理健康问题,提升心理健康服务能力提供依据。方法 采用分层随机整群抽样的方法抽样,使用电子化结构式调查问卷入户现场调查,调查问卷包括基本信息、病人健康状况问卷抑郁量表和广泛性焦虑量表。抑郁焦虑症状检出率的影响因素分析采用logistic回归分析法,单因素和多因素logistic回归分析分别采用输入法和向前wald法。结果 本次研究共调查1382人,抑郁症状检出率为11.00%,焦虑症状检出率为6.95%,抑郁症状和焦虑症状同时检出率为5.72%。logistic回归分析结果发现对和子女的关系满意度(比较满意 vs. 一般满意: OR=0.193,95%CI:0.077~0.482; 非常满意 vs. 一般满意:OR=0.091, 95%CI:0.032~0.264)、患有心脏病(OR=3.715,95%CI:1.557~8.863)、患有糖尿病(OR=3.095,95%CI:1.237~7.744)和看电视(OR=0.336,95%CI:0.146~0.772)等因素影响抑郁症状检出率,焦虑症状检出率受到对和子女关系满意度(比较满意 vs. 一般满意: OR=0.719,95%CI:0.218~2.372; 非常满意 vs. 一般满意:OR=0.023, 95%CI:0.023~0.693)和看电视(OR=0.269,95%CI:0.079~0.910)等因素影响。结论 合肥市65岁以上老年人群抑郁、焦虑等心理健康问题值得引起人们重视,拥有较高的对和子女关系的满意度以及看电视是老年人抑郁、焦虑症状检出率的保护性因素,患有心脏病、糖尿病等慢性疾病患者的焦虑抑郁问题值得我们给予更多的关注。 相似文献
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a severe autoimmune disease that is commonly accompanied by cognitive impairment and various neurological and psychiatric symptoms, advanced image analyses help explore the pathogenesis of this disease. Therefore, this study aimed to explore specific structural and functional alterations and their relationship with the clinical symptoms of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. In this study, twenty-two patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis after the acute stage and 29 controls received cognitive assessments and magnetic resonance imaging. Grey matter atrophy was measured using voxel-based morphometry, and functional alterations in abnormal regions were subsequently investigated using resting state functional connectivity (RSFC). Finally, correlation analyses were performed to explore the associations between imaging alterations and cognitive assessments. The patients demonstrated significant gray matter atrophy in the bilateral triangle part of the inferior frontal gyrus (triIFG.L and triIFG.R) and right precuneus, decreased RSFC between triIFG.L and bilateral Heschl gyrus (HES), decreased RSFC between triIFG.R and HES.R, decreased RSFC between right precuneus and left cerebellum, and increased RSFC between triIFG.R and left superior frontal gyrus. Further correlation analyses showed that the gray matter volume in triIFG.R and decreased RSFC between triIFG.L and HES.R were associated with decreased memory scores, whereas decreased RSFC between triIFG.R and HES.R was marginally correlated with the disease course in patients. In conclusion, this study suggests that cognitive impairments in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis may be mainly associated with gray matter atrophy and abnormal RSFC in the triIFG. These findings provide new insights into anti-NMDAR encephalitis pathogenesis and help explore potential treatments.
Cataloguing the effects of different types of stress on behaviour and physiology in rodent models has not been comprehensively attempted. Here, we systematically review whether chronic exposure to physical stress, psychosocial stress, or both types of stress can induce different behavioural and neurobiological outcomes in male and female rodents. We found that physical stress consistently increased depressive-like behaviour, impaired social interaction and decreased body weight, while psychosocial stress consistently increased both anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour, impaired social interaction and learning and memory, increased HPA axis activity, peripheral inflammation and microglial activation, and decreased hippocampal neurogenesis in male rodents. Moreover, we found that the combined effect of both stress types resulted in a more severe pathological state defined by increased anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour, impaired social interaction and learning and memory, increased HPA axis activity and central inflammation, and reduced hippocampal neurogenesis and neural plasticity in male rodents. Phenotypes for females were less consistent, irrespective of the type of stress exposure, on account of the limited number of studies using females. This review highlights that the type of stress may indeed matter and will help animal researchers to more appropriately choose a stress/depression model that fits their research purposes. 相似文献