Efficient differentiation of stem cells encapsulated in a cytocompatible phospholipid polymer hydrogel with tunable physical properties

A large number of lineage-committed progenitor cells are required for advanced regenerative medicine based on cell engineering. Due to their ability to differentiate into multiple cells lines, multipotent stem cells have emerged as a vital source for generating transplantable cells for use in regenerative medicine. Increment in differentiation efficiency of the mesenchymal stem cell was obtained by using hydrogel to adjust the proliferation cycle of encapsulated cells to signal sensitive phase. Three dimensional (3-D) polymer networks composed of poly(2-methacyloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-co-n-butyl methacrylate (BMA)-co-p-vinylphenylboronic acid (VPBA)) (PMBV) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were prepared as a hydrogel. The proliferation of cells encapsulated in the PMBV/PVA hydrogel was highly sensitive to the storage modulus (G′) of the hydrogel. That is, when the G′ value of the hydrogel was higher than 1.0 kPa, the cell proliferation was ceased and the proliferation cycle of cells was converged to G1 phase, whereas when the G′ value was below 1.0 kPa, cell proliferation proceeded. By changing the G′ value of hydrogels under encapsulation the cells, proliferation cycle of encapsulated mesenchymal stem cells was regulated to G1 phase and thus signal sensitivity were increased. 3-D polymer networks as hydrogels with tunable physical properties can be effectively used to control proliferation and lineage-restricted differentiation of stem cells.     

马甲子叶抑菌有效部位的筛选

目的:探讨马甲子叶不同提取部位的抑菌作用,并筛选其有效部位。方法:系统溶剂法将马甲子叶提取为石油醚、三氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水5个部位后,用纸片法考察不同溶剂部位对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠埃希菌、沙门氏菌的体外抑菌活性,采用琼脂平板涂布法测定有明显抑菌作用的有效部位的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果:石油醚、三氯甲烷和水部位无抑菌效果。乙酸乙酯、正丁醇部位对受试病原菌有不同程度的抑菌效果,其中正丁醇部位抑菌活性达显著性差异,对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠埃希菌、沙门氏菌的MIC值分别为0.714,0.714,0.357,0.357 g·L-1。乙酸乙酯部位对4种细菌均具有明显抑制效果。综合抑菌效果比较:正丁醇部位乙酸乙酯部位水部位。结论:正丁醇、乙酸乙酯部位是马甲子叶的有效抑菌部位,是寻找新抑菌活性成分的基础,为后期开发利用提供理论依据。     

Recent advances in supported molecular sieve catalysts with wide temperature range for selective catalytic reduction of NOX with C3H6

NO_X is a major atmospheric pollutant that is emanated by motor vehicles, thermal power plants, and industrial boilers. Therefore, the removal of NO_X is a research hotspot in the exhaust gas treatment field. Numerous methods have been used to eliminate NO_X: the selective catalytic reduction of NO_X using C₃H₆ as the reducing agent (C₃H₆-SCR) is an effective method to remove NO_X. The key issue in NO_X removal in C₃H₆-SCR is to obtain catalysts with low-temperature activity and wide operating temperatures. Till date, different supported wide-temperature-active molecular sieve catalysts have been prepared and used in C₃H₆-SCR reactions. Studies have shown that the catalytic performance of supported catalysts is related not only to the active component but also to the structural and textural parameters of the molecular sieve supports. This review summarizes the structural and textural characteristics, catalytic properties, and catalytic mechanism of molecular sieve catalysts with different pore structures for C₃H₆-SCR reactions. The design strategies of supported molecular sieve catalysts are suggested. The goal of this review is to highlight (1) the structural and textural characteristics and low-temperature catalytic performance of different supported molecular sieve catalysts; (2) the relationship between wide-temperature window and loaded active components, as well as carriers of the supported molecular sieve catalysts; and (3) design strategies and development prospects of supported molecular sieve catalysts with low-temperature activity and wide-temperature operating range for C₃H₆-SCR reactions.

NO_X is a major atmospheric pollutant that is emanated by motor vehicles, thermal power plants, and industrial boilers.     

跨腕关节支撑钢板与外固定架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的临床研究

目的比较跨腕关节支撑钢板与外固定架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法对自2007年7月~2010年6月收治的57例闭合性桡骨远端粉碎骨折(AO C2、C3型)采用跨腕关节钢板和外固定架进行治疗。结果术后12个月随访,两组桡骨茎突长度无统计学差异(P>0.05),关节面台阶有统计学差异(P<0.05)。术后6、12个月随访时,两组间旋前、旋后、掌屈、背伸活动范围比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。根据Jakim评分标准,两组优良率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。外固定架组并发症发生率显著高于钢板组(P<0.05)。结论①跨腕关节钢板和外固定架治疗桡骨远端粉碎骨折,骨折复位情况和临床治疗效果相当;②跨腕关节钢板固定手术创伤较大,但稳定性好,并发症较少;③跨腕关节钢板和外固定架结合克氏针固定后,可减少术后碎骨块再移位的可能性;④跨腕关节钢板固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折,骨折复位好,能保持骨折部的撑开以维持桡骨长度,防止短缩,可以取得较好的疗效。     

自贡市农民工健康状况调查

[目的]探讨某市农民工健康现状,为制定提高农民工健康水平的相应策略和措施提供依据。[方法]通过对420名外出农民工进行生活行为方式调查和较全面的体格检查,获取身高、体重、血压、乙肝表面抗原、肝功能、HIV抗体、梅毒抗体等各项指标,并对相关资料进行统计分析。[结果]农民工合理膳食率11.7%、体育锻炼率0、健康知识知晓率7.38%,均处于较低水平;农民工吸烟率53.3%、饮酒率37.4%、乙肝表面抗原阳性率18.1%、梅毒抗体阳性率2.9%、活动性肺结核检出率1.2%,高于我国人群平均水平;农民工高血压检出率14.1%;超重或肥胖率20.2%。[结论农民工的健康水平较低,同时面临传染性疾病和慢性非传染性疾病的双重威协,提高农民工健康水平是一件迫在眉睫的工作。     

阿立哌唑对晚发性精神分裂症患者认知功能的影响

目的 探讨阿立哌唑对晚发性精神分裂症患者认知功能的影响.方法 将106例晚发性精神分裂症患者随机分为两组,每组53例,分别口服阿立哌唑、氯丙嗪治疗.观察8周.于治疗前后采用阳性与阴性症状量表、威斯康星卡片分类测验评定临床疗效及认知功能.结果 治疗后两组阳性与阴性症状量表评分均较治疗前显著降低（P＜0.01）,阿立哌唑组威斯康星卡片分类测验的总正确数、持续反应数、完成分类数均较治疗前显著升高（P＜0.01）,总错误数、持续错误数均较治疗前显著降低（P＜0.01）,氯丙嗪组仅持续反应数较治疗前显著升高（P＜0.01）.结论 阿立哌唑治疗晚发性精神分裂症疗效显著,能显著改善患者认知功能.     

自贡市结核病患者依从性现状及影响因素调查

目的 通过对结核病患者的依从性进行调查,分析其影响因素,提出更具针对性的提高结核患者依从性的干预措施建议.方法 由调查人员逐题对四川省自贡市4区2县结核病归口治疗点2010年收治接受国家免费检查和治疗3个月以上全部144名患者进行询问,并填写调查表.结果 单因素分析的结果显示影响调查对象的治疗依从性的因素有是否复治、是否认为症状消失后就可以停止服药(P＜0.05);影响调查对象的用药依从性的因素有文化程度,完成全程治疗的信念,对主治医生服务是否满意,对治疗时间满意程度,对单次治疗费用满意程度和对治疗效果的满意程度(P＜0.05).多因素分析结果显示初次治疗患者的依从性较好(OR=0.290,P＜0.05),认为症状消失就可以停止服药的患者治疗依从性较差(OR =3.035);文化程度较高的患者用药依从性差(OR=0.275)和不明白医生意思的患者依从性差(OR =0.116).结论 结核病防治中需注意通过多种途径增强患者的治疗信心,加强对复治患者健康教育.必须尽快开展DOTS,并有必要通过社区动员、家庭健康教育和对医生的培训等途径加强结核病治疗的社会支持.     

自贡市乡镇自来水厂氯化消毒副产物调查

目的 调查自贡市乡镇自来水厂消毒副产物的现状.方法 2010年分别在丰水期和枯水期对32家乡镇自来水厂进行卫生学调查并对源水、出厂水及末梢水中三卤甲烷、卤乙酸等指标进行测定.结果 32家自来水厂均检出氯化消毒副产物,包括4种三卤甲烷(三氯甲烷、二氯一溴甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷和三溴甲烷)和2种卤乙酸(二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸),三氯甲烷超标率为28％,二氯乙酸超标率为22％,二氯一溴甲烷超标率为3％.结论 自贡市乡镇水厂均存在不同程度的消毒副产物污染,其对居民身体健康的影响不容忽视.     

十二指肠乳头旁憩室与胆胰疾病相关性的MSCT研究

目的：通过多层螺旋CT检查,探讨十二指肠乳头旁憩室与胆胰疾病的相关性。方法回顾性分析经多排螺旋CT诊断的十二指肠憩室53例,分析其影像征象,根据憩室与十二指肠乳头的关系进行分类,统计不同类型憩室伴胆胰疾病的发生率。结果非乳头旁憩室4例,乳头旁憩室49例（92%）,其中乳头旁中央型憩室33例（67%）,周围型16例（33%）;19例（58%）十二指肠乳头旁中央型憩室伴胆总管不同程度扩张;合并胆结石及胆囊炎6例（18%）,胆总管结石及胆管炎3例（9%）,胰腺炎2例（6%）,胰头癌2例（6%）。周围型憩室中2例（13%）伴胆管轻度扩张,1例（6%）合并胆囊炎。4例非乳头旁憩室未见合并胆胰疾病。结论十二指肠乳头旁中央型憩室是胆胰疾病重要病因之一,MSCT对十二指肠乳头旁憩室及相关胆胰疾病的诊断具有重要价值。     

探讨健康教育在高压氧治疗中的作用

目的:探讨健康教育在高压氧治疗中的作用。方法:对2011年3月~2013年8月收治的512例高压氧治疗患者采用一系列健康教育方法。包括:入舱前宣教高压氧治疗的特点、调压动作的操作示范、加减压过程中跟踪指导、特殊情况专项处理的健康教育。对高压氧治疗患者所发生的并发症进行分析。结果:本研究共纳入高压氧治疗患者512例,接受上述健康教育后,在高压氧治疗过程中,除32例(6.25%)出现轻度耳痛,4例(0.78%)患者出现耳痛剧烈外,其余患者无耳痛等不良反应,安全顺利完成高压氧治疗。剧烈耳痛者经暂停加压,个别指导调压、耳痛消失后继续加压完成高压氧治疗。结论:本研究结果显示,健康教育能帮助高压氧治疗的患者提高依从性,顺利完成高压氧治疗。并在患者耳痛闷胀时起到一定缓解作用。但应注意患者的个体差异,针对性的对其进行健康教育。