丙泊酚预处理减轻大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤与其抑制线粒体通透性转换的关系

目的 观察丙泊酚预处理减轻大鼠心肌缺血／再灌注损伤与其抑制线粒体通透性转换的关系。方法建立大鼠在体心脏局部缺血／再灌注模型,成年雄性SD大鼠随机进入4组（n=8）：假手术组（Sham组）;缺血再灌注组（IR组）,结扎LADCA（1eftanterior descending coronaryartery,LADCA）60min后放松120min;二甲亚砜组（DMSO组）和丙泊酚预处理组（PP组）,结扎LADCA前20min经股静脉分别注射注射20μmol·L^-1二甲基亚砜和丙泊酚1mg·kg^-1·min^-1共20min。结果再灌注120min后,PP组凋亡指数（24．35±2．35）％明显低于IR组（33．38±3．47）％（P〈0．05）;DMSO组心肌细胞凋亡指数与IR组无明显差异（P〉0．05）。电镜下IR组线粒体微观结构损伤严重,膜电位较Sham组显著降低（0．25±0．06vs0．91±0．24,P〈0．05）。PP组线粒体形态学改变明显减轻,膜电位（0．67±0．13）显著高于IR组（P〈0．05）。DMSO组则没有线粒体保护作用。结论丙泊酚预处理可减轻大鼠心肌缺血／再灌注损伤,其机制与抑制线粒体通透性转换有关。     

超声乳化和小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术治疗高龄白内障的近期疗效比较

目的探讨超声乳化白内障摘除术和小切口非超声乳化治疗高龄白内障的疗效。方法将60例高龄白内障患者分为小切口非超声乳化内障摘除术治疗组(观察组)和超声乳化白内障摘除术治疗组(对照组)各30例,比较两组患者的近期疗效及并发症。结果观察组术后12h、24h的眼压显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组术后1d、1周、1个月时的视力均显著高于术前(P<0.05),但两组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后并发症差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术后1d时的散光度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),术后1周、1个月时的散光度与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组的手术成本显著少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论小切口非超声乳化容易导致患者术后眼压增高,但与超声乳化手术疗效近似,成本少,适合基层医院开展。     

Gambogic acid causes fin developmental defect in zebrafish embryo partially via retinoic acid signaling

Gambogic acid (GA), the major active ingredient of gamboge, has been approved by the Chinese Food and Drug Administration for clinical trials in cancer patients due to its strong anticancer activity. However, our previous research showed that GA was teratogenic against zebrafish fin development. To explore the teratogenicity and the underlying mechanisms, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were used. The morphological observations revealed that GA caused fin defects in zebrafish embryos in a concentration-dependent manner. The critical exposure time of GA to reveal teratogenicity was before 8 hpf (hours post fertilization). LC/MS/MS analysis revealed that a maximum bioconcentration of GA was occurred at 4 hpf. Q-PCR data showed that GA treatment resulted in significant inactivation of RA signaling which could be partially rescued by the exogenous supply of RA. These results indicate the potential teratogenicity of GA and provide evidence for a caution in its future clinic use.     

右美托咪定通过lncRNA H19介导香烟提取物诱导的肺泡巨噬细胞效应研究

目的探索右美托咪定(Dexmedetomidine,DEX)通过长链非编码RNA(long noncoding RNA,lncRNA)H19对香烟烟雾提取物(cigarette smoke extract,CSE)诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞活力、凋亡和自噬的影响。方法制备CSE及CSE干预巨噬细胞模型,运用体外细胞培养,DEX以不同浓度(2、4和8μmol/L)作用于CSE诱导的巨噬细胞,采用MTT法检测细胞存活率,流式细胞术检测模型细胞的凋亡率,采用蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测细胞中凋亡相关蛋白Bax和Bcl-2及自噬相关蛋白LC3Ⅱ和ATG7表达情况,实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测H19表达水平;为了进一步验证DEX对CSE诱导的巨噬细胞增殖、凋亡和自噬影响,运用双酶切法构建pcDNA3.1-H19表达载体。结果一定剂量的DEX可明显拮抗CSE诱导的巨噬细胞活力下降作用(P<0.05),具有浓度依赖性;DEX抑制CSE诱导的巨噬细胞凋亡,且细胞中凋亡蛋白Bax明显下调(P<0.05),抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2上调(P<0.05),自噬相关蛋白LC3Ⅱ和ATG7表达上调(P<0.05),H19表达下调(P<0.05);成功构建pcDNA3.1-H19表达载体,DEX作用于CSE诱导的巨噬细胞,细胞活力明显降低(P<0.05),且细胞中凋亡蛋白Bax上调(P<0.05),抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2下调(P<0.05),自噬相关蛋白LC3Ⅱ和ATG7表达下调(P<0.05)。结论DEX抑制H19表达,增强CSE诱导的巨噬细胞活力,抑制细胞凋亡和自噬。     

Toxic effects of metal copper stress on immunity,metabolism and pathologic changes in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir japonica sinensis)

Ecotoxicology - Copper (Cu2+), which represents a major physiological challenge for crab culture, is ubiquitous in the aquatic culture environment, and gills are the first organs that come into...     

Role of the health care support worker in the A & E department

Health Care Support Workers (HCSWs) are used in a variety of ways to support the Accident and Emergency (A & E) team. Currently, there is no national agreement as to their job specification, and the diversity of their role causes confusion and uncertainty, especially among those nurses who are expected to supervise them. The North-West A & E Managers' Forum has attempted to highlight this issue and appease their concerns by examining the value of the nursing role in A & E and the optimal way by which HCSWs can be integrated into the A & E department to support the team.Health Care Assistants (HCAs) and auxiliary staff have made a valuable contribution to A & E care for many years and it is important that they, and HCSWs, receive acknowledgement for the service that they provide. But, in the interest of patient safety, it is essential that their roles are clarified. This paper offers key statements to guide good practice. These have been designed to stimulate discussion at local and national level regarding the role of the HCSW in the A & E department.     

吸入布地奈德对哮喘大鼠肺组织嗜酸粒细胞趋化因子及受体表达水平的影响

目的观察吸入布地奈德对哮喘大鼠肺组织嗜酸粒细胞趋化因子及受体表达水平的影响。方法将30只Wistar大鼠随机分组(n=10):模型组(A组)采用OVA致敏与激发;空白对照组(C组),以生理盐水代替OVA;布地奈德组(B组),第6次诱发哮喘结束后30 min采用BUD混悬液雾化吸入2周。模型组和空白对照组以等量生理盐水代替。肺组织嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)计数,测定肺组织Eotaxin蛋白、CCR3蛋白表达水平。结果布地奈德组大鼠肺组织EOS计数明显低于模型组[(8.87±3.21)vs(11.53±4.50),P0.05]。哮喘大鼠肺组织中有大量的Eotaxin蛋白、CCR3蛋白表达,布地奈德组大鼠肺组织Eotaxin蛋白、CCR3蛋白表达明显减少。空白对照组在上述部位仅少量表达或不表达。结论 Eotaxin及其受体CCR3参与哮喘的发病机制,布地奈德雾化吸入治疗哮喘与其抑制Eotaxin及其受体CCR3表达有关。