临床肺部感染评分干预对VAP患者的疗效观察

目的 探讨临床肺部感染评分对VAP患者抗生素选择策略进行干预后对预后的影响.方法 采用随机、对照、临床研究.连续入选符合诊断标准的VAP患者56例,随机分为2组:A组(评分干预组,28例)临床肺部感染评分大于6分者抗生素选择策略采用降阶梯治疗方案,小于6分者采用常规升级治疗方案.B组(常规组,28例)按常规自然决定抗生素的选择和疗程.比较两组患者抗生素使用疗程、病死率及真菌定植发生率等.结果 A组抗生素使用疗程、病死率显著低于B组,B组真菌定植发生率高于A组.结论 临床肺部感染评分干预抗生素选择策略对改善VAP的疗效、预后具有良好效果.     

重症肺炎支原体肺炎老年人血清纤维蛋白原、血小板反应蛋白 -1表达及其与预后的相关性

目的检测重症肺炎支原体肺炎( MPP)病人血清纤维蛋白原( FIB)和血小板反应蛋白 -1(TSP-1)的表达情况，并探究其表达水平与 MPP病人预后的相关性。方法选取 2017年 3月至 2018年 12月在海南医学院第一附属医院收治的 MPP老年人 89例作为研究对象，其中重症 MPP 46例作为重症组，轻症 MPP 43例作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附测定( ELISA)检测各组研究对象血清 FIB、TSP-1的表达水平；通过受试者操作特征曲线( ROC曲线)评估血清 FIB、TSP-1表达水平对重症 MPP的诊断价值；分析病人预后不良情况发生率；并采用 logistic回归分析老年人发生预后不良的相关影响因素。结果重症组血清 FIB、TSP-1表达水平分别为( 4.93±1.16)g/L、(375.42±34.13)μg/L，显著高于对照组的( 3.85±0.97)g/L、(316.71±23.05)μg/L(P<0.05)。ROC结果显示，血清 FIB和 TSP-1单独及联合诊断重症 MPP的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为 0.796、0.900、0.926，血清 FIB联合 TSP-1诊断重症 MPP的灵敏度和特异度分别为 84.82%、90.65%。高 FIB组、高 TSP-1组老年人病人预后不良发生率分别为54.55%(12/22)、 55.00%(11/20)，显著高于低 FIB组的 16.67%(4/24)及低 TSP-1组的 19.23%(5/26)(P<0.05)。 logistic回归分析显示，血清 FIB、TSP-1表达水平是影响重症 MPP病人发生预后不良的独立危险因素(均 P<0.05)。结论 FIB和 TSP-1在重症 MPP病人血清中的表达水平明显升高，且其高表达与病人预后不良有关，均可作为重症 MPP的早期诊断及预后评估的潜在生物学指标。     

MiR-130b attenuates vascular inflammation via negatively regulating tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl2) expression

Endothelial cell (EC) activation and dysfunction have been linked to a wide variety of vascular inflammatory diseases. However, the role of microRNAs in EC activation and inflammation remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that miR-130b was significantly decreased in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after lipopolysaccharides (LPS) treatment. Forced expression of miR-130b inhibited the LPS-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the inflammatory genes expression, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Furthermore, we identified that tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl2) is a direct target of miR-130b. Finally, in vivo overexpression of miR-130b via miR-130b agomir attenuates acute lung vascular inflammation in the LPS-induced sepsis mouse model. Taken together, our data demonstrated that miR-130b represses vascular inflammation via targeting Tpl2, suggesting that miR-130b mimics might be a promising therapeutic strategy for treatment of vascular inflammatory diseases.     

去大骨瓣减压颞肌贴敷术治疗大面积脑梗死患者几种护理模式的临床应用效果

目的:对比研究不同护理模式在去大骨瓣减压颞肌贴敷术治疗大面积脑梗死患者临床护理中的应用价值。方法:将襄阳市中心医院收治的120例大面积脑梗死患者随机分为A组、B组、C组,各组40例。A组进行常规护理,B组进行临床护理路径表护理,C组进行循证护理。于3组患者护理干预前后,根据美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分标准评价患者神经功能缺损程度,并根据格拉斯哥预后分级(Glasgow outcome scale,GOS)评价3组患者预后情况。结果:护理3个月、6个月后,C组患者NIHSS评分低于A组、B组(P<0.05),A组、 B组比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.0 5)。在预后良好率,A组、 B组、 C组依次为5 0%、6 2.5%、 8 2.5%, C组高于A组、 B组(P <0.0 5), A组、 B组比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.0 5)。结论:于大面积脑梗死患者行去大骨瓣减压颞肌贴敷术治疗中行循证护理能有效提高护理效果,改善患者神经功能缺损程度及预后。     

Screening for occult cancer in idiopathic venous thromboembolism — Systemic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundIdiopathic venous thromboembolism (VTE) may be associated with an occult malignancy. Early detection of cancer might be translated to a better prognosis for these patients. However, the efficacy of extensive screening for cancer in patients with idiopathic VTE is controversial.Materials and methodsSystemic review and meta-analysis of all available prospective trials comparing extensive to limited screening for occult malignancies in patients with idiopathic VTE.Primary outcome: all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes: cancer related mortality, early cancer diagnosis, cancer diagnosis at the end of follow up and cancer diagnosis at an early stage. Risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated and pooled.ResultsThe study included five trials and 2287 patients. Extensive screening did not affect all-cause mortality at the end of follow up [RR 0.86 (95% CI 0.58–1.27)] or cancer-related mortality [RR 0.93 (95% CI 0.54–1.58)]. Yet, it yielded more diagnoses of cancer [RR 2.17 (95% CI 1.42–3.32)]. Rates of cancer diagnosis at an early stage did not differ statistically between the two groups [RR 1.49 (95% CI 0.86–2.56)]. However, analysis of the randomized controlled trials alone showed a tendency towards early stage cancer at diagnosis in extensive screening group in, with results almost statistically significant [RR 2.14 (95% CI 0.98–4.67), p = 0.06].ConclusionsExtensive screening for malignancy after idiopathic VTE does not affect mortality rates. Yet, it yields more cancer diagnoses shortly after the VTE event. Further research is needed to determine whether extensive screening might be proper for specific high risk populations.     

系统性呼吸功能训练对哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺疾病重叠综合征患者肺功能及呼吸指标的影响

目的 探讨系统性呼吸功能训练对哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺疾病重叠综合征(asthma-COPD overlap syndrome,ACOS)患者肺功能和呼吸指标的影响。方法 选择笔者所在医院2019年5月-2020年10月收治的102例ACOS患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和研究组,各51例。对照组行常规护理,研究组在对照组基础上融合系统性呼吸功能训练。比较2组干预前后的肺功能指标和呼吸指标。结果 干预后,研究组的肺功能各项指标均明显优于对照组(P<0.05);气道阻力各项指标显著优于对照组(P<0.05),呼吸困难程度轻于对照组(Z=-2.996,P=0.003)。结论 对ACOS患者在护理过程中融合系统性呼吸功能训练,可明显降低患者气道阻力指标,对改善肺功能、缓解患者呼吸困难具有明显效果。