盐酸二甲胺四环素治疗牙周炎的临床疗效观察

目的:研究盐酸二甲胺四环素牙科软膏缓释剂治疗牙周炎的临床疗效。方法:治疗组及对照组患者在治疗前进行牙周检查和牙周洁治,治疗组局部使用盐酸二甲胺四环素牙科软膏缓释剂进行治疗,对照组不给药物。对治疗前后的菌斑指数、牙周袋探诊深度、龈沟出血指数、附着丧失水平进行检查和评价。结果:二甲胺四环素牙科软膏局部治疗4周后患者病牙的临床各项指标包括病牙的菌斑指数、牙周袋探诊深度、龈沟出血指数、附着丧失水平等均比治疗前有明显改善,并且药物治疗组的各项指标改善较对照组更为明显,治疗组用药后第4周末的显效率达79.49%,明显高于对照组的显效率(29.16%),具有统计学意义。结论:盐酸二甲胺四环素牙科软膏缓释剂作为牙周炎的辅助治疗,能有效改善牙周炎的临床各项观察指标。     

康柏西普及光凝治疗弥漫型糖尿病性黄斑水肿的效果

目的:比较单纯康柏西普玻璃体内注射、单纯黄斑格栅激光光凝及二者联合治疗对弥漫型糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME)的效果。方法:回顾性研究。将2016年8月至2019年10月长治医学院附属和平医院弥漫型DME 74例(82眼)分为单纯康柏西普玻璃体内注射组(A组,31眼)、单纯黄斑格栅激光光凝组(B组,24眼)和康柏西普联合激光光凝组(C组,27眼)。治疗后随访6个月,观察比较治疗前后视力、黄斑中心区厚度、FFA及注射次数。结果:治疗后A组和C组BCVA及黄斑中心区厚度(CMT)均较治疗前改善(P<0.05);B组治疗后BCVA无改善;B组CMT治疗后1个月无改善,治疗后3及6个月CMT下降(P<0.05)。治疗后BCVA及CMT的改善程度A组和C组差异无统计学意义,但均优于B组(P<0.05)。治疗后6个月FFA改善率3组间差异无统计学意义。治疗后6个月内康柏西普平均注射次数C组少于A组(P=0.001)。结论:康柏西普玻璃体内注射联合黄斑格栅激光光凝与单纯康柏西普注射治疗弥漫型DME效果相近,均优于单纯黄斑格栅激光光凝;黄斑格栅激光光凝可减少康柏西普注射次数。     

Seasonal influenza vaccination among cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the determinants

Cancer patients are among high-risk individuals for whom seasonal influenza vaccine (SIV) is recommended, but rates of vaccination in this subpopulation remain suboptimal; even in jurisdictions with universal influenza vaccination programs. We sought to summarize the evidence to better understand the determinants of SIV uptake (vaccine receipt) among cancer patients. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL from 2000 to February 12, 2020, focusing on articles on the determinants of seasonal influenza vaccination among cancer patients, published in English. Study selection was conducted independently by 2 reviewers. One reviewer extracted data from the included studies and another reviewer checked the extracted data for errors. Outcomes were sociodemographic and health-related factors. We pooled adjusted results from studies using the inverse variance, random-effects method, and reported the odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Out of 2664 citations, 10 studies (mostly from USA and South Korea) met our eligibility criteria. Overall, being older (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.46-3.38; I² 92.3%, [6 studies]), a nonsmoker (1.43, 1.32-1.51; I² 0%, [4 studies]), having a chronic illness (1.18, 1.07-1.29; I² 15.7%, [5 studies]), having had a medical check-up in the past year (1.75, 1.65-1.86; I² 0%, [2 studies]), and having health insurance (1.39, 1.13-1.72; I² 21.8%, [3 studies]) were associated with increased SIV uptake. Compared with being African-American, being Caucasian was also associated with increased SIV uptake (1.79, 1.47-2.13; I² 10.7%, [3 studies]). Limited evidence suggests seasonal influenza vaccination among cancer patients may be determined by some sociodemographic and health-related factors.     

山西东南部贲门癌危险因素病例对照研究

目的探讨山西省东南部地区农村居民饮食、行为等各种影响因素与贲门癌(GCC)发生的关系。方法在山西省东南部地区,采用以人群为基础的1∶2配对病例对照研究方法,对120例GCC患者和240名对照进行问卷调查,采用单因素和多因素条件logistic回归对所获资料进行分析。结果胃癌家族史(OR=2.83,95%CI=1.74～3.94)、吸烟(OR=2.89,95%CI=1.57～5.30)、喜食烫食(OR=1.32,95%CI=1.12～2.79)可能是GCC的危险因素;体质指数≥24(OR=0.20,95%CI=0.06～0.67)、经常饮茶(OR=0.43,95%CI=0.15～0.78)、常吃新鲜水果(OR=0.62,95%CI=0.36～0.91)可能是GCC的保护因素。结论生活习惯和饮食习惯是农村居民GCC的主要危险因素之一,应对其采取综合性的预防措施。     

新型拔罐治疗器的设计与实现

拔罐疗法是中医治疗学的重要组成部分,通过皮部作用实现调营卫、行气血、通经络的治疗效果。将传统中医拔罐技术与现代科技相结合,制作了一款罐内负压、温度可调,操作简便易行的新型拔罐治疗器,文中描述了该拔罐器的结构,给出了压力、温度的调节方法。经实验验证该拔罐器理疗效果佳,具有较好的推广前景。     

Exercise,physical activity,and exertion over the business cycle

Shifts in time and income constraints over economic expansions and contractions would be expected to affect individuals' behaviors. We explore the impact of the business cycle on individuals' exercise, time use, and total physical exertion, utilizing information on 112,000 individual records from the 2003–2010 American Time Use Surveys. In doing so, we test a key causal link that has been hypothesized in the relation between unemployment and health, but not heretofore assessed. Using more precise measures of exercise (and other activities) than previous studies, we find that as work-time decreases during a recession, recreational exercise, TV-watching, sleeping, childcare, and housework increase. This, however, does not compensate for the decrease in work-related exertion due to job-loss, and total physical exertion declines. These effects are strongest among low-educated men, which is validating given that employment in the Great Recession has declined most within manufacturing, mining, and construction. We also find evidence of intra-household spillover effects, wherein individuals respond to shifts in spousal employment conditional on their own labor supply. The decrease in total physical activity during recessions is especially problematic for vulnerable populations concentrated in boom-and-bust industries, and may have longer-term effects on obesity and related health outcomes.     

宫颈癌组织DcR3的表达与高危型人乳头状瘤病毒感染的相关性研究

  目的  观察宫颈癌组织诱捕受体3（decoy receptor 3，DcR3）表达与高危型人乳头状瘤病毒（high-risk human papilloma virus，HR-HPV）感染的相关性。  方法  分别采用免疫组织化学（streptavidin-perosidase，SP）法和第2代杂交捕获法检测35例正常宫颈组织（normal cervical tissues，NCE）、39例宫颈上皮内瘤变（cervical intraepithelial neoplasm，CIN）及44例宫颈癌组织（cervical squamous epithelial carcinoma，CSES）DcR3和HR-HPV的表达。设计并合成靶向HR-HPV16 E7基因的HR-HPV16 E7小干扰RNA（siRNA）和阴性对照HR-HPV16 E7 siRNA，脂质体法转染SiHa细胞，实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（real-time polymerase chain reaction，RT-PCR）法和蛋白质印迹（western blot，WB）法检测HR-HPV16 E7基因沉默对DcR3 mRNA和蛋白表达的影响，四甲基偶氮唑盐比色（methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide，MTT）法检测细胞增殖情况。  结果  NCE、CIN及CSES组DcR3蛋白阳性表达率分别为8.6%（3/35）、48.7%（19/39）、77.3%（34/44），表达呈逐渐增高趋势，差异具有统计学意义（χ2=36.942，P<0.001）。NCE、CIN及CSES组HR-HPV阳性检出率分别为5.7%（2/35）、56.4%（22/39）、93.2%（41/44），差异具有统计学意义（χ2=60.322，P<0.001）。DcR3表达与HR-HPV感染呈正相关（r=0.893，P=0.004）。HR-HPV基因沉默后DcR3在mRNA和蛋白水平的表达均明显降低，且细胞增殖受到抑制。  结论  DcR3在宫颈癌中异常高表达，其表达升高与HR-HPV感染密切相关，提示DcR3可能参与了宫颈癌的发生发展。siRNA技术成功诱导HR-HPV基因沉默可通过下调DcR3的表达抑制人宫颈癌SiHa细胞增殖。     

徐州市儿童青少年超重和肥胖及其对血压的影响

目的 了解徐州市儿童青少年超重和肥胖情况及其对血压的影响。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法,在徐州市随机抽取小学、初中、高中、大学共12 所学校,共计抽取2 147人。采用Excel录入数据,使用SPSS 19.0进行统计分析。结果 徐州市儿童青少年超重检出率为17.9%,肥胖检出率为13.3%,不同性别超重肥胖检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=83.745,P<0.01);高血压检出率为 8.2%,不同性别高血压检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.225,P<0.05);正常组、超重组、肥胖组高血压检出率分别为 6.6%、9.4%、15.0%;多因素logistics回归分析结果显示:性别、年龄、超重和肥胖是儿童青少年高血压的危险因素。结论 徐州市儿童青少年超重、肥胖检出率较高;超重肥胖组高血压检出率比体质量正常组高。