Penetration moxibustion for postpartum subinvolution of uterus: Two case reports and mechanism analysis: 透灸法成功治疗产后子宫复旧不良:两则病例报告及机制分析

This article introduced the application of penetration moxibustion in successfully treating two cases of postpartum subinvolution of uterus. The main complaint of one case was increasing volume of abnormal vaginal bleeding for five days after delivery. The bleeding stopped after the patient received 7 times treatment of warming needle and penetration moxibustion on Zhōngjí (中极CV3), Guānyuán (关元CV4) and Qìhăi (气海CV6). The other case complained about persistent abdominal pain for 15 days, which was worsening for the recent 2 days. The symptom of abdominal pain was relieved after the penetration moxibustion was applied on CV4, CV6 and Zǐgōng (子宫 EX-CA1) for 5 times for the case. Penetration moxibustion can relieve abdominal pain during the postpartum period, accelerate lochia discharge, and recovery of menstrual and uterine cavity. Àiyè (艾叶 Artemisiae Argyi Folium) was proved to have antibacterial, hemostatic, and analgesic effects. The warming function and radiation features of moxibustion can help to alleviate spasm of the smooth muscle in the uterus and enhance the metabolism of the uterine tissue by expanding microvessels and improving the circulations of both blood and lymph. It can also activate cells in the uterine tissue by increased temperature in order to enhance the decomposition and elimination of pathological wastes, such as inflammation and hematoma. In addition, it can also relieve pelvic pain by inhibiting neuronal excitability.     

耐碳青霉烯革兰阴性杆菌耐药性及耐药基因blaKPC的分子特征

目的 探讨耐碳青霉烯类革兰阴性杆菌的临床耐药性及耐药基因blaKPC的分子特征。方法 分析2017年1月-2018年12月某院临床检出的耐碳青霉烯类革兰阴性杆菌。通过WHONET 5.6软件对药物敏感试验数据进行统计分析,采用PCR检测碳青霉烯耐药基因blaKPC、blaNDM、blaIMP、blaVIM、blaOXA-48,对PCR阳性产物进行DNA测序,分析耐药基因的分子结构特点。结果 共收集510株耐碳青霉烯类革兰阴性杆菌,其中耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌科细菌（CRE）420株,耐碳青霉烯非肠杆菌科细菌90株。菌株主要来自重症监护病房（ICU）、神经外科和呼吸科,分别占60.8%、11.8%、5.3%;标本来自痰、脓性分泌物、静脉血、无菌中段尿,分别占66.9%、8.8%、8.2%、6.5%。耐碳青霉烯类革兰阴性杆菌对常用抗菌药物具有较高的耐药性。PCR结果显示,420株CRE中blaKPC、blaNDM、blaIMP的阳性率分别为54.3%（228/420）、1.2%（5/420）、1.4%（6/420）,未检测出blaVIM和blaOXA-48基因,其中肺炎克雷伯菌、产气肠杆菌、大肠埃希菌分别占携带blaKPC CRE的83.8%、11.8%、2.6%;其他少见菌种中也检出blaKPC基因。非肠杆菌科细菌中仅有2株鲍曼不动杆菌检测出blaKPC。DNA测序结果显示,174株携带blaKPC的菌株中173株检测为blaKPC-2、1株检测为blaKPC-1。结论 该地区耐碳青霉烯类革兰阴性菌以CRE为主,其中以携带blaKPC-2的肺炎克雷伯菌占绝对优势,其他菌株中也均有发现。提示临床需重点加强耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌的监测及预防,防控blaKPC的传播流行。     

尼麦角林治疗老年慢性脑血管功能不全的临床效果分析

目的探讨尼麦角林治疗老年慢性脑血管功能不全的临床效果。方法采用随机数表法将本院神经内科2012年7月至2014年7月收治的162例老年慢性脑血管功能不全患者分为尼麦角林组和常规组,每组各81例。常规组患者采用常规治疗方法,尼麦角林组患者在常规治疗基础上加用尼麦角林。比较两组患者治疗的临床效果。结果治疗前,两组患者大脑中动脉、椎动脉的彩色多普勒超声检测指标[舒张期末流速(Vd)、收缩期峰流速(Vs)、阻力指数(RI)、搏动指数(PI)]比较差异均无显著性(P>0.05);治疗后12周,两组患者的Vd、Vs、RI、PI较组内治疗前明显好转,差异均具有显著性(P<0.05),且尼麦角林组患者的Vd、Vs、RI、PI优于常规组,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。治疗前两组患者的简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评分比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);治疗后两组患者MMSE评分较治疗前均显著提高(P<0.05),且尼麦角林组患者的MMSE评分[(24.5±1.3)分]显著高于常规组[(22.9±1.5)分],差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。治疗后12周,尼麦角林组患者治疗总有效率(91.36%)高于常规组(76.54%),差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论尼麦角林可以改善老年慢性脑血管功能不全患者的临床症状及大脑血管血流情况,同时可以显著提高临床治疗效果。     

Inhibition of the miR-155 and protein prenylation feedback loop alleviated acute graft-versus-host disease through regulating the balance between T helper 17 and Treg cells

MicroRNA-155(miR-155) and protein prenylation have been reported to participate in acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) through modulating T lymphocyte differentiation, however the mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we found that the expression of miR-155 and protein prenyltransferases in peripheral blood T lymphocytes of aGVHD mice was significantly increased. Suppression of miR-155 by antagomir-155 could remarkably reduce prenyltransferases mRNA and protein expression in T lymphocytes of aGVHD mice. Conversely, prenyltransferase inhibitors significantly reduced the level of miR-155. Inhibition of this feedback loop of miR-155 and protein prenylation in aGVHD mice led to improved survival and lower aGVHD histopathology scores and significantly induced T cell deficient differentiation towards T helper 17 (Th17) cells and titled differentiation towards CD4⁺CD25^hi regulatory T (Treg) cells. Furthermore, the immunoregulatory effects and protection from aGVHD of prenyltransferase inhibitors could be reversed by the addition of miR-155. The dual treatment of prenylation inhibitors and antagomir-155 showed synergistic effects on T polarization and protection from aGVHD. Consistent with the in vivo changes, inhibition of this feedback loop of miR-155 and protein prenylation affected Th17 and Treg cell polarization in vitro. Our data suggest that miR-155 and protein prenylation may constitute a feedback loop that amplifies immune and inflammatory responses in subjects with aGVHD, and they may serve as potential targets for aGVHD prophylaxis and treatment.     

脓毒症小鼠血清HMGB1与心肌损伤程度、炎症相关因子、BNP及cTnI水平的关系

目的 探讨血清高迁移率族蛋白B1(high mobility group box 1,HMGB1)在脓毒症小鼠心肌损伤中的作用及与心肌细胞炎症因子、血清B型钠尿肽(B-type natriuretic peptide,BNP)和肌钙蛋白(troponin,cTnI)的相关性。 方法 本研究选取6～8周龄、SPF级的昆明系小鼠60只,采用随机数字表法分为模型组、假手术组各30只,采用小鼠盲肠结扎穿孔法建立脓毒症小鼠模型,观察不同时间点小鼠血清HMGB1的水平变化,探讨其与心肌细胞凋亡率、心肌细胞炎症因子、血清B型钠尿肽(BNP)和肌钙蛋白(cTnI)的相关性。 结果 在0 h时刻,模型组和假手术组的血清HMGB1水平、心肌细胞凋亡率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在造模后12、24、48及72 h,模型组小鼠的血清HMGB1水平、心肌细胞凋亡率显著高于假手术组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);在造模后48 h,模型组心肌组织中肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、IL-10、血清BNP、血清cTnI水平显著高于假手术组(P<0.05);在造模后48 h,模型组心肌组织中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10、血清BNP、血清cTnI水平与血清HMGB1均呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。 结论 血清HMGB1在脓毒症小鼠中水平升高趋势明显,并且与小鼠心肌损伤具有密切的关系。     

Nucleus classification in histology images using message passing network

Identification of nuclear components in the histology landscape is an important step towards developing computational pathology tools for the profiling of tumor micro-environment. Most existing methods for the identification of such components are limited in scope due to heterogeneous nature of the nuclei. Graph-based methods offer a natural way to formulate the nucleus classification problem to incorporate both appearance and geometric locations of the nuclei. The main challenge is to define models that can handle such an unstructured domain. Current approaches focus on learning better features and then employ well-known classifiers for identifying distinct nuclear phenotypes. In contrast, we propose a message passing network that is a fully learnable framework build on classical network flow formulation. Based on physical interaction of the nuclei, a nearest neighbor graph is constructed such that the nodes represent the nuclei centroids. For each edge and node, appearance and geometric features are computed which are then used for the construction of messages utilized for diffusing contextual information to the neighboring nodes. Such an algorithm can infer global information over an entire network and predict biologically meaningful nuclear communities. We show that learning such communities improves the performance of nucleus classification task in histology images. The proposed algorithm can be used as a component in existing state-of-the-art methods resulting in improved nucleus classification performance across four different publicly available datasets.