腺病毒介导MDA-7/IL-24选择性杀伤肝癌 细胞HepG2的研究

目的 ：观察MDA-7/IL-24基因对肝癌的选择性杀伤作用，为肝癌的基因治疗提供理论基础。 方法 ：将携带人MDA-7/IL-24基因的腺病毒Ad.mda-7感染人正常肝细胞L02和肝癌细胞HepG2;用RT-PCR法观察MDA-7/IL-24基因的表达;ELISA方法检测细胞培养上清液中MDA-7/IL-24蛋白的浓度;4甲基偶氮唑蓝染色法（MTT）及Hoechst染色观察MDA-7/IL-24对肝癌细胞的生长抑制和杀伤作用;Annexin-V和PI双染后流式细胞仪检测2种细胞的凋亡;用流式细胞仪检测细胞周期。 结果 ：复制缺陷型腺病毒能介导外源基因MDA-7/IL-24在肝癌细胞株HepG2和正常细胞L02中的高效表达;细胞培养上清液中有MDA-7/IL-24蛋白的表达; MDA-7/IL-24能明显抑制肝癌细胞生长并可促进肝癌细胞的凋亡;MDA-7/IL-24阻滞肝癌细胞于G2/M期，能选择性杀伤肝癌细胞而对正常的肝细胞无阻滞作用和毒性作用。结论 ：复制缺陷型重组腺病毒载体Ad.mda-7能介导MDA-7/IL-24基因在人肝癌细胞中高效表达，促使细胞增殖阻滞及诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡，选择性地杀伤肝癌细胞HepG2，而对正常肝细胞L02无任何毒性作用。     

胰腺炎基础研究进展与展望

近年来,胰腺炎的病理生理机制研究取得了诸多实质性进展。其中,急性胰腺炎领域热点内容众多,如胰蛋白酶原异常激活、病理性钙超载、线粒体功能障碍、自噬、内质网应激、NF-κb激活、细胞程序性死亡等。慢性胰腺炎领域的研究则更多集中于胰腺星状细胞激活对慢性胰腺炎纤维化的影响,以此为主干,又可进一步研究自噬、外泌体等与胰腺星状细胞活化的关系。在胰腺炎的基础研究中,可以进行机制的深入发掘,而机制的发掘又为寻找疾病分子标记物、新药研发、治疗靶点选择等提供了源源不断的新思路。此外,免疫、肠道微生态等作为当前基础研究的热点领域,其在胰腺炎发生、发展中的作用值得进一步探索。     

Delirium Development After Lung Transplantation: An Intraoperative Assessment

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the relationship between intraoperative hemodynamic and laboratory parameters with postoperative delirium development after lung transplantation.MethodsA total of 77 patients who underwent lung transplantation in a single center were included in the study. Demographic and clinical data recorded at critical intraoperative stages (after induction [T1], after bilateral lungs are dissected [T2], while the patient is ventilated for 1 lung [T3], while the unilateral transplanted lung is ventilated [T4], while bilateral transplanted lungs are ventilated [T5], and after the thorax is closed [T6]), postoperative complications, mechanical ventilation duration, intensive care, and hospitalization durations and mortality rates were recorded.ResultsA total of 83.1% of the 77 patients were male, and the mean (SD) age was 47.56 (12.95) years. The mean body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) was 23.30 (3.99), and the median Charles Comorbidity Index (CCI) was 1. The diagnosis of 36.4% of the patients was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Delirium was seen in 51.9% of the patients. Age, CCI, intraoperative mean arterial pressure changes, lactate levels, mechanical ventilation duration, and hospital stay were all associated with delirium development.ConclusionAge, CCI, duration of mechanical ventilation, and hospital stay were independent predictors of postoperative delirium development. We believe that our study will be a guide for future prospective randomized controlled studies.     

Graft rinse prior to reperfusion in liver transplantation: literature review and online survey within the Eurotransplant community

Graft rinse prior reperfusion in liver transplantation (LT) is believed to reduce the incidence of postreperfusion syndrome and improve clinical outcome. A MEDLINE search was performed to obtain a comprehensive review of the published literature dealing with graft rinse in LT. Moreover, all thirty‐four LT centers in the Eurotransplant (ET) region were invited to participate in an online survey to whether or not graft rinse is performed and whether further research in the field is needed. Seventeen reports have been found to investigate graft rinse protocols in 1894 LT recipients. Eighteen of the thirty centers that participated in the online survey performed graft rinse prior reperfusion in LT. The most commonly used rinse solution was albumin. Nineteen centers stated interest in participating in a multicenter RCT in the field. The published literature does not provide concluding appraisal of the benefit of graft rinse in LT. Graft rinse protocols are not standardized and are based on personal experience. Appropriately designed clinical trials addressing the topic are demanded. The online survey appears to be a helpful tool for the evaluation of clinical practice and future research topics in the transplant community.     

73例创伤性胰腺炎的专科化治疗体会

目的总结胰腺外伤后并发的创伤性胰腺炎(traumatic pancreatitis,TP)的临床特点,阐述专科化治疗体会。方法收集笔者所在医院2008年1月至2014年6月期间诊治的73例TP患者的临床资料,分析胰腺损伤部位、等级以及TP的发病因素,归纳TP病程中的共性问题及规律,总结TP的治疗策略、外科干预方法以及手术要点和难点。结果本组病例的胰腺损伤以2、3、4级为主,胰头部损伤占31.5%(23/73),胰颈体尾部损伤占68.5%(50/73);59例来自外院转诊;伤后4~7 d是发生TP的高峰期,胰瘘及难以控制的腹腔感染是TP的治疗难点;经皮穿刺置管引流、放置胰管支架和内镜下脓肿清除是TP有效的微创化治疗方法;42例TP患者需要再次手术治疗,其中19例经历2次以上手术。结论 TP病情复杂多变、治疗棘手,早期明确诊断、制定正确的外科干预策略是治疗的关键;专业化的胰腺团队在判断病情、选择和实施外科干预时更有优势。