Transurethral laser versus open simple prostatectomy for large volume prostates: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

The benefit of transurethral laser prostatectomy over open simple prostatectomy (OSP) is controversial in aged symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with large volume prostates, and the aim of this study is to compare the safety and efficiency of these two methods. Meta-analysis was applied using the Review Manager V5.3 software and the retrieved randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) comparing transurethral laser prostatectomy with OSP were analyzed for the treatment of large volume prostates from 2000 to 2019 in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and EMBASE datasets. Five RCTs assessing transurethral laser prostatectomy versus OSP were considered suitable for this meta-analysis, which included a total of 448 patients, with 232 patients undergoing laser and 216 patients undergoing OSP. Compared with OSP, although transurethral laser prostatectomy required a longer operative time (weighted mean difference (WMD) 27.49 mins; 95% confidence interval (CI) 16.54–38.44; P?<?0.00001) and obtained a less resected prostate weight (WMD ??11.72 g; 95% CI ??21.75 to ??1.70; P?=?0.02), patients undergoing laser prostatectomy benefited from significantly less hemoglobin decline (??0.97 g/dL; 95% CI ??1.31 to ??0.64; P?<?0.00001), shorter time of catheterization (WMD ??3.67 days; 95% CI ??5.60 to ??1.75; P?=?0.0002), shorter length of hospital stay (WMD ??4.75 days; 95% CI ??6.57 to ??2.93; P?<?0.00001), and less blood transfusion (odds ratio 0.10; 95% CI 0.03 to 0.35; P?=?0.0003). During postoperative follow-up, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in IPSS, QoL, Q_max, and PVR. Both transurethral laser prostatectomy and OSP are safe and effective for large prostates that require prostate resection. Taking into account of less blood loss, shorter catheterization time and hospital stay, and less blood transfusion, transurethral laser prostatectomy may be a better treatment for patients with large prostates.

     

线粒体ALDH2通过调控自噬对缺氧性肺动脉高压的保护机制研究

目的：探讨激活线粒体乙醛脱氢酶2(ALDH2)可以降低因缺氧所引起的平滑肌细胞自噬,并降低肺动脉平滑肌细胞(PASMCs)的增殖,分析ALDH2对缺氧性肺动脉高压平滑肌增殖的调控关系。方法：将SPF级雄性SD大鼠分4组：正常对照组(N组)、常氧+ALDH2特异性激动剂Alda-1组(N+Alda-1组)、缺氧组(H组)、缺氧+Alda-1组(H+Alda-1组),将PASMCs分为6组：常氧组(N组)、常氧+Alda-1组(NA组)、缺氧组(H组)、缺氧+Alda-1组(HA组)、缺氧+ALDH2抑制剂Daidzin组(HD组)、缺氧+Alda-1+Daidzin组(HAD组)。HE染色观察各组动物肺组织中肺动脉病理变化;免疫荧光鉴定肺动脉平滑肌细胞;CCK-8测定各组细胞增殖能力;Annexin V-FITC/PI双染测定细胞凋亡水平;Western blotting检测各组ALDH2、p62、Beclin1、LC3B等蛋白的表达。结果：与N组相比,H组肺小动脉管壁增厚,管腔变窄;与HC组相比,H+Alda-1组的肺小动脉管壁厚度减轻,管腔狭窄程度有所改善;与N组相比,H组的ALDH...     

护理学本科生专业认同在知识共享与研究能力之间的中介作用

目的：探讨护理学本科生专业认同、知识共享与研究能力之间的关系。方法：采用方便抽样方法,选取专业认同量表、知识共享评估量表和大学生研究能力测量量表对某医学院校1 042名护理学本科生进行问卷调查。结果：护理学本科生专业认同感、知识共享和研究能力总均分均在3分以上,整体水平中等偏上。护理学本科生的专业认同、知识共享与研究能力之间均呈明显正相关关系(P<0.01)。知识共享既能直接影响研究能力,又通过专业认同间接影响研究能力。结论：专业认同在知识共享和研究能力之间起部分中介作用,院校应为学生提供良好的知识共享环境,关注学生对所学专业的认同感和归属感,有助于学生主动、积极地将所学知识和技能进行转化,提高其研究能力。     

腔内心电图P波比例对新生儿PICC定位效果研究

目的：探讨新生儿PICC静脉腔内心电图尖端定位P波大小与PICC导管尖端在上腔静脉位置的关系及其临床应用效果。方法：选取入住NICU治疗的经上肢PICC置管新生儿184例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各92例。对照组采用常规体表测量和术后胸部X线片定位,观察组应用腔内心电图P波比例和胸部X线片定位,比较2组一次置管到位率及置管用时,并分析不同P波对应的导管尖端位置。结果：观察组新生儿PICC置管一次性到位率为95.65%(88/92),明显高于对照组的81.52%(75/92)(P<0.01);观察组置管用时和穿刺点出血量均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组1/2～2/3 R波的导管尖端主要到达指南推荐位置,1/3～1/2 R波时导管尖端主要到达上腔静脉上2/3处,2/3～4/5 R波时导管尖端到达指南推荐位置或右心房,不同波段到达位置差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论：静脉腔内心电图P波比例有助于新生儿PICC尖端位置定位。     

125I放射性粒子植入治疗肿瘤病人心理弹性、家庭亲密度与适应性和孤独感的相关性研究

目的：探讨¹²⁵I放射性粒子植入治疗肿瘤病人的心理弹性、家庭亲密度与适应性和孤独感的相关性。方法：采取便利抽样法,选取106例行¹²⁵I放射性粒子植入治疗的肿瘤病人作为研究对象,调查病人的一般资料,采用心理弹性量表中文版(CD-RISC)评价病人的心理弹性水平,并使用家庭亲密度与适应性量表中文版(FACESIICV)及孤独感自评量表(UCLA)进行调查问卷。结果：¹²⁵I放射性粒子植入治疗肿瘤病人孤独感量表得分为(40.01±8.63)分,心理弹性量表得分为(61.79±14.54)分,家庭亲密度与适应性量表得分为(116.32±18.80)分;不同性别、职业、文化程度、家庭人均月收入的孤独感得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),不同性别、家庭人均月收入心理弹性得分和家庭亲密度与适应性得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。106例¹²⁵I放射性粒子植入治疗的肿瘤病人的孤独感量表得分和心理弹性量表得分呈显著负相关(r=-0.912,P<0.01),心理弹性量表得分和家庭亲密度与适应...     

三氧化二砷对鼠恶性黑素瘤B16细胞凋亡的影响

目的:探讨三氧化二砷(As2O3)对鼠恶性黑素瘤B16细胞诱导凋亡的影响.方法:采用流式细胞术(FCM)检测不同浓度的As2O3诱导B16细胞的早期凋亡率、晚期凋亡率和总凋亡率.结果:As2O3浓度分别为5 μmol/L、10 μmol/L 、20 μmol/L时, B16细胞的早期凋亡率分别为7.18%、21.1%、3.59%,晚期凋亡率分别为2.63%、5.35%、6.34%,总凋亡率分别为9.81%、26.45%、9.93%.结论: B16细胞的早期凋亡率和晚期凋亡率对As2O3有浓度依赖关系,高浓度的As2O3使B16细胞出现坏死.     

Evolving patterns in the diagnosis of reactive gastropathy: Data from a prospective Central European multicenter study with proposal of a new histologic scoring system

Histologic examination of gastric biopsies is crucial for determining the cause of gastritis. This prospective multicenter study was undertaken to investigate different histologic parameters arguing in favor or against the diagnosis of reactive gastropathy and to correlate findings with patient's symptoms and endoscopic findings. A total of 1123 individuals aged 15–93 years participated in a prospective multicenter study (histoGERD trial). Diagnosis of Helicobacter gastritis was made following the Updated Sydney System. Diagnosis of reactive gastropathy was based upon Dixon's parameters of foveolar hyperplasia, smooth muscle fibers in the lamina propria and vasodilatation and congestion of mucosal capillaries. Including paucity of acute and chronic inflammatory cells in analysis, a new score with visual analog scales for the diagnosis of reactive gastropathy was developed. All three histologic parameters in favor of the diagnosis of reactive gastropathy were positively associated with the endoscopic diagnosis of gastritis (p < 0.001), yet negatively with Helicobacter infection (p < 0.001). In contrast, presence of acute and chronic inflammatory cells in lamina propria was positively associated with Helicobacter infection (p < 0.001), yet not with the endoscopic diagnosis of gastritis. Our score demonstrated strong association between histologic and endoscopic diagnoses (p < 0.001), yet not with patient's symptoms. In conclusion, our data prove foveolar hyperplasia, smooth muscle fibers and vasodilatation and congestion as key histologic parameters for the diagnosis of reactive gastropathy. The proposed score may enhance the diagnostic accuracy. It should be validated in future studies.     

eIF4E和CyclinD1在子宫内膜增生症和子宫内膜样腺癌中的表达及其意义

目的:探讨eIF4E、CyclinD1在子宫内膜增生症和子宫内膜样腺癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法:应用免疫组织化学Eli-Vision法检测80例子宫内膜增生症和65例子宫内膜样腺癌中eIF4E、CyclinD1的表达情况,并选取15例正常增生期子宫内膜作对照,结合患者的临床病理参数进行分析。结果:eIF4E在正常增生期子宫内膜组织、单纯性增生子宫内膜组织、复杂性增生子宫内膜组织、不典型增生子宫内膜组织和子宫内膜样腺癌组织中阳性表达率分别为53.33%、72.50%、80.00%、84.00%和90.77%,eIF4E蛋白阳性表达仅子宫内膜样腺癌与正常增生期子宫内膜差异有统计学意义(P0.01);CyclinD1阳性表达率分别为6.67%、52.50%、73.33%、80.00%和81.54%,表达率呈上升趋势,CyclinD1仅子宫内膜样腺癌、不典型增生、复杂性增生与正常增生期子宫内膜差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。子宫内膜样腺癌中eIF4E、CyclinD1阳性表达与临床-病理分期、组织学分级和有无淋巴结转移间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。在子宫内膜样腺癌中,eIF4E、CyclinD1表达呈正相关关系(P0.01)。结论:eIF4E、CyclinD1在子宫内膜样腺癌中均高表达,两者的异常表达共同作用促进子宫内膜样腺癌的发展,两者有协同作用。