An Eco-Friendly Acid Leaching Strategy for Dealkalization of Red Mud by Controlling Phase Transformation

The alkaline components in red mud represent one of the crucial factors restricting its application, especially for the construction and building industry. The phase state of alkaline components has a significant influence on the dealkalization of red mud. In this work, an environmentally friendly acid leaching strategy is proposed by controlling the phase transformation of red mud during active roasting pretreatment. With a moderate roasting temperature, the alkaline component is prevented from converting into insoluble phases. After acid leaching with a low concentration of 0.1 M, a high dealkalization rate of 92.8% is obtained. Besides, the leachate is neutral (pH = 7) and the valuable metals in red mud are well preserved, manifesting a high selectivity and efficiency of diluted acid leaching. The calcination experiment further confirms the practicability of the strategy in the construction field, where the cementitious minerals can be formed in large quantities. Compared with the traditional acid leaching routes, the diluted acid leaching strategy in this work is acid saving with low valuable element consumption. Meanwhile, the secondary pollution issue can be alleviated. Hence, the findings in this work provide a feasible approach for the separation and recovery of alkali and resource utilization of red mud.     

美金刚对比多奈哌齐治疗帕金森病痴呆的Meta分析

目的 系统评价美金刚对比多奈哌齐治疗帕金森病痴呆的疗效与安全性。方法 检索中国学术期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、万方数据库（Wanfang Data）、维普中文期刊全文数据库（VIP）和中国生物医学文献数据库（SinoMed）、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science等数据库自建库起至2022年7月1日收录的有关美金刚、多奈哌齐分别联合多巴丝肼治疗帕金森病痴呆的临床随机对照试验（RCT）。评估偏倚风险,并收集患者治疗后的简易精神状态量表（MMSE）评分、蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）评分变化情况,临床总有效率及不良反应发生率,采用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入14项RCTs,总计1219名患者,其中美金刚联合多巴丝肼组610例、多奈哌齐联合多巴丝肼组609例。Meta分析结果显示,美金刚联合多巴丝肼在改善MMSE评分、改善MoCA评分、提高临床总有效率方面效果均优于多奈哌齐联合多巴丝肼,其差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;美金刚对比多奈哌齐治疗帕金森病痴呆的不良反应发生率更低。结论 美金刚对帕金森病痴呆患者的认知功能改善效果优于多奈哌齐,临床总有效率更高,且治疗后不良反应发生率低。     

2014~2016年济南市历城区大气气态污染物对社区人群门诊就诊影响的时间序列分析

目的 评估济南市空气污染严重区域大气气态污染物对社区人群内科门诊就诊的急性效应。 方法 收集2014年1月1日至2016年12月31日济南市重污染区域某综合医院逐日内科门诊就诊个案记录、空气污染物浓度及气象信息,并进行描述性分析。采用广义线性模型,定量评估逐日大气气态污染物浓度与社区人群门诊就诊量之间的相关关系,并进行分性别、分年龄段(<65岁和≥65岁)、分系统疾病(呼吸系统疾病和循环系统疾病)的相关性分析。 结果 2014年1月1日至2016年12月31日间该综合医院内科门诊量合计241 574人次,日均就诊量220人次/d,NO₂、SO₂、CO日均浓度分别为53、58、1 506 μg/m³。仅发现NO₂与内科门诊量存在关联。大气污染物NO₂浓度每升高10 μg/m³,当日内科门诊量增加1.13%(95%CI:0.55%~1.70%),lag02时增加1.47%(95%CI:0.72%~2.22%)。总门诊量及分年龄、分性别、分疾病门诊量均与NO₂浓度存在统计学关联。不同性别、年龄组循环系统疾病的当日滞后效应模式与总体一致,呼吸系统疾病的当日滞后效应模式与总体略有不同。效应值男性高于女性、≥65岁人群高于<65岁人群。 结论 济南市空气污染严重区域大气气态污染物中仅NO₂对社区人群的内科门诊量以及不同性别、不同年龄段、不同系统疾病存在广泛的急性效应,且男性较女性敏感、≥65岁人群较<65岁人群敏感。     

Thermosensitive Hydrogel Co-loaded with Gold Nanoparticles and Doxorubicin for Effective Chemoradiotherapy

Chemoradiotherapy, as a well-established paradigm to treat various cancers, still calls for novel strategies. Recently, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been shown to play an important role as a radiosensitizer in cancer radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combination of polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified AuNPs and doxorubicin (DOX) to improve cancer chemoradiotherapy, in which the AuNPs was the radiosensitizer and the DOX was the model chemotherapeutic. A Pluronic® F127-based thermosensitive hydrogel (Au-DOX-Gel) loading AuNPs and DOX was developed by “cold method” for intratumoral injection. The formulation was optimized at a F127 concentration of 22% for Au-DOX-Gel. The release profiles compared to a control group were assessed in vitro and in vivo. Au-DOX-Gel showed sustained release of AuNPs and DOX. The cell viability and surviving fraction of mouse melanoma (B16) and Human hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG2) cells were significantly inhibited by the combination treatment of DOX and AuNPs under radiation. Tumor sizes of mice were significantly decreased by Au-DOX-Gel compared to controls. Interestingly, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and Ki-67 staining results showed that tumor cell growth and proliferation were inhibited by AuNPs combined with DOX under radiation, suggesting that the radiosensitization activity and combination effects might be caused by inhibition of tumor cell growth and proliferation. Furthermore, the results of skin safety tests, histological observation of organs, and the body weight changes indicated in vivo safety of Au-DOX-Gel. In conclusion, the Au-DOX-Gel developed in this study could represent a promising strategy for improved cancer chemoradiotherapy.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1208/s12248-015-9828-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.KEY WORDS: chemoradiotherapy, doxorubicin, gold nanoparticles, thermosensitive hydrogel     

原发免疫性血小板减少症病人静脉血栓形成的临床特点及危险因素分析

目的分析原发免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)病人静脉血栓形成的临床特点及相关危险因素,为临床提供诊疗依据。方法对 2016年 3月至 2021年 6月山东中医药大学附属医院血液科收治的 174例 ITP病人进行回顾性分析。结果共 15例病人发生静脉血栓事件,发病率约为 8.57%,以下肢深静脉栓塞为主。男性静脉血栓发病率高于女性(66.7%比 33.3%),血栓组的年龄与体质量指数(BMI)均高于非血栓组(P=0.007,0.001)。静脉血栓发生的中位时间为确诊 ITP后的 13个月,确诊静脉血栓时的血小板中位计数(56×109/L)高于确诊 ITP时的中位计数(37×109/L)血栓事件发生时 15例病人的血小板均小于 100×109/L。多因素逻辑回归分析结果显示血小板(P=0.013)D-二聚体( P=0.008)、,癌症(P=0.006)、血小板生成素受体激动剂( thrombopoietin receptor agonist,TPO-RA)(P=0.027)是血栓形成、的危险因素。结论静脉血栓可能形成于血小板升高的阶段;血小板、 D-二聚     

2014~2016年济南市空气污染严重地区大气颗粒物对社区人群门诊就诊量的急性效应分析

目的 评估济南市空气污染严重区域大气颗粒物对社区人群内科门诊就诊的急性效应。 方法 收集2014年1月1日至2016年12月31日济南市空气污染严重区域某综合医院逐日内科门诊就诊个案记录、空气污染物浓度及气象信息,并进行描述性分析。采用广义线性模型定量评估逐日PM_2.5及PM₁₀浓度与社区人群门诊就诊量之间的相关关系,并分性别、分年龄段(<65岁和≥65岁)、分系统疾病(呼吸系统疾病和循环系统疾病)进行相关性分析。 结果 PM_2.5、PM₁₀浓度每升高10 μg/m³,当日内科门诊量分别增加0.28%(95%CI:0.05%~0.50%)、0.15%(95%CI:0.02%~0.28%);循环系统疾病门诊量分别增加0.40%(95%CI:0.01%~0.80%)、0.25%(95%CI:0.02%~0.47%)。男性及≥65岁人群是敏感人群。 结论 济南市空气污染严重区域大气颗粒物对社区人群内科门诊量以及不同性别、不同年龄段、循环系统疾病人群存在急性效应,且男性及≥65岁人群敏感。     

环境放射性水平调查方案编制建议

环境放射性水平调查是生态环境保护的一项重要基础工作,它能为评价放射性环境质量、制定辐射安全法规和标准等提供基础资料和科学依据.本文以多年的环境放射性水平调查实践经验为基础,结合相关的法规标准,总结了国内外环境放射性水平调查研究中常用的调查方法,归纳出一套适用性较强的环境放射性水平调查方案,对调查方案编制的思路与方法、技...     

Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of BiOBr by in situ reactable ionic liquid modification for pollutant degradation

In this study, hierarchical BiOBr microspheres were synthesized via a one-pot solvothermal method in the presence of imidazole ionic liquids. The resultant samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, HRTEM, PL, EPR, EIS and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. The photoactivity of BiOBr was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) and tetracycline hydrochloride. Oxygen vacancies were detected in the system and proven to be correlated with the activity of the catalyst. It was also revealed that BiOBr microspheres prepared by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide at 433 K for 8 hours displayed a superior performance compared to the other samples in the degradation of model organic contaminants. After 4.5 hours of reaction, the highest degradation efficiency of 94.0% was achieved by BiOBr-C₄-Br. Stronger photoluminescence spectral intensities could be obtained as the cationic chain lengths of the ionic liquids reduced gradually. According to our experiments, the better performance of BiOBr-C₄-Br in the degradation of model pollutants can be attributed to the effect of oxygen vacancies. The findings of our work may have important implications for the design of BiOBr.

In this study, hierarchical BiOBr microspheres were synthesized via a one-pot solvothermal method in the presence of imidazole ionic liquids.     

早期开展飞秒激光辅助白内障超声乳化手术前囊膜撕裂原因的回顾性分析

目的 回顾性研究分析飞秒激光辅助白内障超声乳化手术患者前囊膜撕裂的原因。方法 统计在济南爱尔眼科医院眼科选择飞秒激光辅助白内障超声乳化手术的患者86例(105眼)。所有患者均使用飞秒激光辅助设计完成前囊膜圆形截囊,晶状体预劈核,而后继续完成白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶体植入手术,所有患者的手术均是同一名熟练手术医生完成,记录前囊撕裂的患者。结果 105眼中发生前囊膜发生撕裂的患者共6眼(5.71%),其中3眼(2.86%)膨胀期白内障患者在飞秒激光前囊膜切开时前囊膜撕裂,2眼(1.90%)白色白内障(晶状体全白的)患者在取出前囊膜时撕裂,1眼(0.95%)Ⅳ级核白内障患者在超声乳化手术过程中前囊膜撕裂。结论 飞秒激光辅助白内障超声乳化手术在激光发射时或者超乳手术过程中都有可能发生前囊膜撕裂,尤其是白色白内障、膨胀期白内障等患者,通过挑选合适患者,精准规范的手术操作,可最大程度避免出现前囊膜撕裂的并发症,发挥飞秒激光手术的优势。