儿童病毒性肝炎感染模式的临床研究

目的　探讨儿童病毒性肝炎临床感染模式及其对肝功能的影响。方法　对 15 0例儿童病毒性肝炎临床资料进行分析并采用 χ2 检查和t检查对其进行统计学处理。结果　 15 0例儿童病毒性肝炎 ,单一肝炎病毒感染占 77.3% ,病原有HAV ,HBV ,HCV及HEV ,其构成分别为 5 4.7% ,18.0 % ,2 .7%和 2 .0 %。甲型肝炎 (TAH)好发于 7～ 12岁儿童 ,女性比率高于男性。乙型肝炎 (TBH)好发于 7～ 9岁年龄组 ,男性为主。二重感染占总数的10 .7% ,有HAV -HBV ,HBV -HCV ,HBV -HDV和HBV -HEV等模式 ,感染率分别为 8.0 % ,0 .7% ,1.3%和0 .7%。三重感染 5例 ,为总数的 3.3% ;有HAV -HBV -HDV和HAV -HCV -HEV模式 ,前者 3例 ,感染率为2 % ,后者 2例为 1.3%。重叠感染好发于 7～ 9和 10～ 12岁年龄段儿童 ,且男性多见。此外有 8例各项病原学检测均为阴性 ,占 5 .3%。结论　儿童病毒性肝炎有单一和重叠感染模式 ,并有明显年龄与性别差异 ,肝功能改变与感染模式关系不大。     

癌细胞最怕您做这些事

常锻炼研究发现,常锻炼的参试者肺癌和结直肠癌发病率分别降低68%和38%。同时,即使是癌症患者,积极的锻炼也能够抑制癌细胞的活性。多站少坐有研究指出每年发生的与久坐有关的癌症病例超过9.2万例,即使经常锻炼也难以抵消久坐的致癌风险。所以,为了预防癌症,建议您每坐1小时要起身活动。     

Expression and significance of HIF-1α and ET-1 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Objective To explore the expression and the value of HIF-1α,and ET-1 in judging the prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Methods The expression of HIF-1α, and ET-1 protein was examined in 76 GISTs by immunohistochemistry S -P methods. Results There was a positive correlation between the expression of HIF-1 α and ET-1 ( P < 0.05 ). The positive expression rate of HIF-1 α and ET-1 was 73.68% (50/76) ,and 65.79% (50/76) respectively,which was related with histologicial grade, tumor diameter, infiltration and metastasis, nuclear division rating of GISTs ( P < 0.05 ), but had no relationship with patients' age, gender, initial position of the tumor ( P > 0.05 ). There was statistically sig-nificant difference in the expression of HIF-1 α and ET-1 in the following groups:among the three classes of very low-risk and low-risk, middle-risk, high-risk, bewteen the diameter < 2 cm and > 5 cm (P < 0.05). The more malignant degree and larger diameter, the more highly positive expression rate ( P < 0.05 ). The positive expression in the groups with infiltration and metastasis, and nuclear division ≥5/50 HP was sig-nificantly higher than the groups without infiltration and metastasis, and nuclear division < 5/50 HP (P < 0.05). Conclusion The expression of HIF-1α had a significant correlation with ET-1. HIF-1α,and ET-1 expression was closely related with the prognosis of GISTs,and can serve as important predictors for survival.     

巨噬细胞抑制因子-1在老年晚期非小细胞肺癌表达的临床意义

目的探讨巨噬细胞抑制因子-1(Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1,MIC-1)在老年晚期非小细胞肺癌中表达与病理特征的相关性。方法用免疫组化法检测60例老年晚期非小细胞肺癌组织MIC-1的表达,并进行临床病理因素相关性分析。结果 MIC-1在老年晚期非小细胞肺癌组织表达,阳性表达率与临床分期相关。结论 MIC-1可作为评价老年晚期非小细胞肺癌发生、发展的生物学指标,为寻找老年晚期非小细胞肺癌新的治疗手段提供依据。     

2015年湖南省肿瘤登记地区肺癌发病与死亡分析

摘 要：［目的］ 分析2015年湖南省肿瘤登记地区肺癌发病和死亡情况,为全省肺癌的防治提供基础信息。［方法］ 计算肺癌的发病率、死亡率、0～74岁累积率等指标,标化率采用2000年全国人口普查和Segi’s标准人口构成为标准。［结果］ 2015年湖南省23个肿瘤登记地区年中人口数为12 966 640人,共收集肺癌新发病例6691例,死亡病例6120例。肺癌发病率为51.60/10万,中标发病率为32.87/10万,世标发病率33.09/10万,0～74岁累积率为4.21%。城市地区居民肺癌的发病率为60.09/10万,中标发病率为36.29/10万,农村地区居民肺癌的发病率46.29/10万,中标发病率为30.54/10万,城区居民肺癌发病高于农村。男性肺癌发病率74.08/10万,中标发病率为48.13/10万,女性肺癌发病率为27.70/10万,中标发病率为17.20/10万,男性肺癌发病率高于女性。肺癌发病序位男性居首位,女性居第2位。全省居民肺癌死亡率为47.20/10万,中标死亡率为29.15/10万,世标死亡率29.19/10万,0～74 岁累积率为3.63%。城市地区居民肺癌死亡率为56.82/10万,中标死亡率为33.09/10万,农村地区居民肺癌死亡率为41.17/10万,中标死亡率26.49/10万,城市居民肺癌死亡率比农村居民高。男性肺癌死亡率为69.92/10万,中标死亡率44.43/10万,女性肺癌死亡率为23.04/10万,中标死亡率13.56/10万,男性高于女性,肺癌死亡序位男性和女性均居第1位。［结论］ 肺癌是威胁湖南省居民健康最常见的恶性肿瘤,应作为我省居民癌症防治的重点。     

2009～2014年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡分析

摘 要：［目的］ 分析2009～2014年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤的发病、死亡情况。 ［方法］ 收集2009～2014年湖南省22个肿瘤登记地区上报的肿瘤发病与死亡资料。按城乡、性别分层,分别计算恶性肿瘤的发病和死亡粗率、中标率、世标率、年龄别率、0～74岁累积率等,中标率和世标率分别采用2000年中国标准人口年龄构成和Segi’s世界标准人口年龄构成为标准进行计算。 ［结果］ 2009～2014年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病率为201.17/10万,中标率为146.15/10万,世标率142.35/10万,0～74岁累积率为16.53%。城市地区恶性肿瘤发病率为225.68/10万,而农村地区为189.20/10万。男性恶性肿瘤发病率为229.86/10万,高于女性的172.98/10万。男性发病前5位为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠肛门癌、胃癌、鼻咽癌;女性发病前5位为肺癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结直肠肛门癌、肝癌。2009～2014年湖南省肿瘤登记地区居民恶性肿瘤死亡率为130.61/10万,中标率为90.84/10万,世标率89.22/10万,0～74 岁累积率为10.46%。城市地区居民恶性肿瘤死亡率为146.83/10万,农村地区为122.68/10万。男性恶性肿瘤死亡率是166.70/10万,高于女性的93.97/10万。男性死亡率前5位为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠肛门癌、食管癌,女性死亡前5位为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠肛门癌、乳腺癌、胃癌。 ［结论］ 肺癌、乳腺癌、肝癌、结直肠肛门癌、宫颈癌、胃癌、鼻咽癌等病种是湖南省发病率、死亡率较高的恶性肿瘤,应作为湖南省恶性肿瘤防治的主要癌种。湖南省男性居民口腔及咽喉癌发病率和死亡率都有所上升,城市男性居民上升幅度更大,需要提早采取防范措施。     

Expression and significance of HIF-1α and ET-1 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Objective To explore the expression and the value of HIF-1α,and ET-1 in judging the prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Methods The expression of HIF-1α, and ET-1 protein was examined in 76 GISTs by immunohistochemistry S -P methods. Results There was a positive correlation between the expression of HIF-1 α and ET-1 ( P < 0.05 ). The positive expression rate of HIF-1 α and ET-1 was 73.68% (50/76) ,and 65.79% (50/76) respectively,which was related with histologicial grade, tumor diameter, infiltration and metastasis, nuclear division rating of GISTs ( P < 0.05 ), but had no relationship with patients' age, gender, initial position of the tumor ( P > 0.05 ). There was statistically sig-nificant difference in the expression of HIF-1 α and ET-1 in the following groups:among the three classes of very low-risk and low-risk, middle-risk, high-risk, bewteen the diameter < 2 cm and > 5 cm (P < 0.05). The more malignant degree and larger diameter, the more highly positive expression rate ( P < 0.05 ). The positive expression in the groups with infiltration and metastasis, and nuclear division ≥5/50 HP was sig-nificantly higher than the groups without infiltration and metastasis, and nuclear division < 5/50 HP (P < 0.05). Conclusion The expression of HIF-1α had a significant correlation with ET-1. HIF-1α,and ET-1 expression was closely related with the prognosis of GISTs,and can serve as important predictors for survival.     

两种坐骨结节囊肿手术方式的比较

目的比较两种不同手术方式治疗坐骨结节囊肿。方法收集传统法（31例）和破囊法（24例）手术病例,进行回顾性分析,比较手术创伤、术后并发症发生情况。结果两组病例在切13大小、手术时间、术中出血、术后切口感染渗液发生率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,两组均无复发病例。结论破囊法手术操作更简单。创伤小,术后并发症发生率更低,具有优势。     

Expression and significance of HIF-1α and ET-1 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Objective To explore the expression and the value of HIF-1α,and ET-1 in judging the prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Methods The expression of HIF-1α, and ET-1 protein was examined in 76 GISTs by immunohistochemistry S -P methods. Results There was a positive correlation between the expression of HIF-1 α and ET-1 ( P < 0.05 ). The positive expression rate of HIF-1 α and ET-1 was 73.68% (50/76) ,and 65.79% (50/76) respectively,which was related with histologicial grade, tumor diameter, infiltration and metastasis, nuclear division rating of GISTs ( P < 0.05 ), but had no relationship with patients' age, gender, initial position of the tumor ( P > 0.05 ). There was statistically sig-nificant difference in the expression of HIF-1 α and ET-1 in the following groups:among the three classes of very low-risk and low-risk, middle-risk, high-risk, bewteen the diameter < 2 cm and > 5 cm (P < 0.05). The more malignant degree and larger diameter, the more highly positive expression rate ( P < 0.05 ). The positive expression in the groups with infiltration and metastasis, and nuclear division ≥5/50 HP was sig-nificantly higher than the groups without infiltration and metastasis, and nuclear division < 5/50 HP (P < 0.05). Conclusion The expression of HIF-1α had a significant correlation with ET-1. HIF-1α,and ET-1 expression was closely related with the prognosis of GISTs,and can serve as important predictors for survival.