足新型矫形外固定器的研制与应用

[目的]报道一种足新型矫形外固定器的构成和临床应用效果，并与Illizarov外固定器进行对比。[方法]作者研制一种足新型矫形外固定器，由3对、6根金属杆组成，每根金属杆具有单独的延长、加压功能。利用固定在胫骨、跟骨、跖骨共4根克氏针，将小腿、足部两侧成三角形连接为一体，进行三维矫形。2004年1月以来，使用该外固定器治疗先天性和后天获得性、不同原因引起的132马蹄内翻足畸形。现将随访12个月以上病例62例（85足）予以报道。[结果]根据Garceau分级标准、结合患者足形态与功能表现评定：优：40足；良：40足；可：5足；差：无。优良率为94．1％。[结论]足新型三维矫形外固定器治疗幼儿、青少年马蹄内翻足安全、可靠、有效；比Illizarov外固定器结构简单，安装方便、省时；患者感到舒适，轻便；成本低、价格便宜；适合国内有条件的医疗单位广泛应用。     

Glial S100B Positive Vacuoles In Purkinje Cells: Earliest Morphological Abnormality In SCA1 Transgenic Mice

Spinocerebellar ataxia-1 (SCA1) is caused by the expansion of a polyglutamine repeat within the disease protein, ataxin-1. The overexpression of mutant ataxin-1 in SCA1 transgenic mice results in the formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles in Purkinje neurons (PKN) of the cerebellum. PKN are closely associated with neighboring Bergmann glia. To elucidate the role of Bergmann glia in SCA1 pathogenesis, cerebellar tissue from 7 days to 6 wks old SCA1 transgenic and wildtype mice were used. We observed that Bergmann glial S100B protein is localized to the cytoplasmic vacuoles in SCA1 PKN. These S100B positive cytoplasmic vacuoles began appearing much before the onset of behavioral abnormalities, and were negative for other glial and PKN marker proteins. Electron micrographs revealed that vacuoles have a double membrane. In the vacuoles, S100B colocalized with receptors of advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), and S100B co-immunoprecipated with cerebellar RAGE. In SCA1 PKN cultures, exogenous S100B protein interacted with the PKN membranes and was internalized. These data suggest that glial S100B though extrinsic to PKN is sequestered into cytoplasmic vacuoles in SCA1 mice at early postnatal ages. Further, S100B may be binding to RAGE on Purkinje cell membranes before these membranes are internalized.     

柳州市小学三、四年级学生心理健康与其家庭环境的相关分析

目的：了解三、四年级小学生心理健康状况，探讨小学生心理健康与家庭环境因素关系。方法：采用小学生心理健康诊断测验（MHT）和家庭环境量表（FES）对柳州市四所小学三、四年级1781名小学生的心理健康状况及其家庭环境进行调查。结果：家庭环境中的亲密度、情感表达、知识性、娱乐性、道德宗教、组织性与心理健康问题因子呈负相关关系；家庭环境中的矛盾性、独立性、成功性、控制性与心理健康问题因子呈正相关关系；多元回归分析发现家庭环境中的亲密度、情感表达、知识性、娱乐性、组织性对三、四年级小学生心理健康有积极影响；家庭环境中的矛盾性、独立性、成功性、道德宗教、控制性对三、四年级小学生心理健康有消极影响。结论：家庭环境对三、四年级小学生心理健康水平有重要影响。     

多层螺旋CT血管成像诊断颈动脉海绵窦瘘

目的探讨颈动脉海绵窦瘘(CCF)的解剖病理基础及螺旋CT血管成像(MSCTA)表现,提高MSCTA对CCF的诊断能力。方法12例经DSA证实的CCF均进行了螺旋CT平扫、增强扫描及血管成像重建。结果CCF的MSCT及CTA表现为:海绵窦扩大及眼上静脉扩张12例,并与颈内动脉同时显影;其他属支静脉扩张6例;对侧海绵窦扩大4例,与DSA检查结果一致。患侧眼球突出12例。颅底、眶壁骨折5例。眼球壁模糊、增厚5例。脑挫伤、出血4例。眼外肌增粗1例。结论螺旋CT及其血管成像诊断CCF简单、快捷、准确、可靠,特别是在外伤性CCF中,是首选的检查及诊断方法。     

四君子汤总多糖对大鼠小肠上皮株IEC-6细胞增殖的作用

背景:一些实验证明多糖在感染、炎症、细胞间黏附和信号传导、免疫识别、细胞增殖分化及维持细胞正常结构和功能生理、病理等方面均起重要作用。但植物多糖对胃肠道黏膜的保护作用有待进一步研究。目的:观察不同浓度的四君子汤总多糖对大鼠小肠上皮株IEC-6细胞增殖的影响。设计:观察对比实验。单位:广东省中医院中心实验室。材料:①细胞株:正常大鼠小肠上皮细胞株IEC-6(ATCCCatalogNo.RL-1592)由美国ATCC(AmericanTypeCultureCollection)购得,主要来源于小肠隐窝细胞。②试剂和药品:DMEM培养基,牛胰岛素,庆大霉素,胎牛血清,DPBS均为GIBCO公司产品;细胞增殖试剂盒(MTT)为Roche公司产品;消炎痛为Sigma公司产品。四君子汤总多糖按药典处方比例取党参,白术,茯苓和甘草适量,加水浸泡后,煮沸提取4h,重复1次,合并提取液,减压浓缩,高速离心除去不溶物,提取液置玻璃纸中逆向流水透析2h,再于提取液中加乙醇至浓度约80%,保存过夜后分取沉淀,合并所有沉淀,采用Sevag法除去粗多糖中的蛋白,冻干后得到的总多糖。方法:①将IEC-6细胞株于干冰中取出,迅速放入37℃水浴中解冻后,加入已装有DMEM培养液的T-150培养瓶后放入CO2培养箱中,于37℃,饱和湿度,体积分数为0.05的CO2环境下培养。细胞隔天换液1次,每5～7天进行传代,传代比例为1∶7。第15～20代细胞用于实验。②IEC-6细胞以1×104/孔的浓度接种于96孔细胞培养板上,接种后6h,各培养孔内依次加入浓度为50,100,200mg/L四君子汤总多糖,即为四君子汤总多糖3个剂量组。每天定时取出1板,按试剂盒说明书以MTT法进行细胞增殖检测。以未加任何干预措施的IEC-细胞作为正常对照组,在相应时间点以MTT法进行细胞增殖检测。③将IEC-6细胞按1×104/孔的浓度接种于96孔细胞培养板中,接种后次日更换以无血清培养液DMEM,24小时后,各培养板中分别加入消炎痛以及四君子汤总多糖,其中,消炎痛使用浓度为40mmol/L,即为消炎痛组。四君子汤总多糖使用3个剂量分别为50,100,200mg/L,即为四君子汤总多糖50,100,200mg/L组。药物作用20h后,按试剂盒使用说明书进行MTT法细胞增殖检测。以未加任何干预措施的IEC-细胞作为正常对照组,在各相应时间点以MTT法进行细胞增殖检测。主要观察指标:MTT法测定四君子汤总多糖不同作用时间对IEC-6细胞生长的影响结果;MTT法测定四君子汤总多糖对消炎痛所致的IEC-6细胞生长抑制的影响结果。结果:四君子汤总多糖不同剂量于不同的培养时间对IEC-6细胞的生长均有促进作用;IEC-6细胞在给予消炎痛40mmol/L作用24h后,细胞增殖的吸光度明显低于正常对照组(0.17±0.02,0.31±0.03;P<0.01)。当四君子汤总多糖使用浓度为100mg/L时,IEC-6细胞的吸光度明显高于消炎痛组(0.25±0.04,0.17±0.02;P<0.01),虽然未达到正常IEC-6细胞吸光度的水平,但与正常组无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:四君子汤总糖具有促进IEC-6细胞增殖的作用,它可能通过对小肠上皮细胞增殖的影响而发挥对肠道黏膜吸收和免疫功能的调整作用。     

Obesity in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Is Associated with Increased Postoperative Morbidity

Background: Despite the fact that obesity is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, many studies have failed to demonstrate that obesity is independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in nondiabetic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The authors investigated the influence of obesity on adverse postoperative outcomes in diabetic and nondiabetic patients after primary coronary artery bypass surgery.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing primary coronary artery bypass surgery (n = 9,862) between January 1995 and December 2004 at the Texas Heart Institute was performed. Diabetic (n = 3,374) and nondiabetic patients (n = 6,488) were classified into five groups, according to their body mass index: normal weight (n = 2,148), overweight (n = 4,257), mild obesity (n = 2,298), moderate obesity (n = 785), or morbid obesity (n = 338). Multivariate, stepwise logistic regression was performed controlling for patient demographics, medical history, and preoperative medications to determine whether obesity was independently associated with an increased risk of adverse postoperative outcomes.

Results: Obesity in nondiabetic patients was not independently associated with an increased risk of adverse postoperative outcomes. In contrast, obesity in diabetic patients was independently associated with a significantly increased risk of postoperative respiratory failure (odds ratio [OR], 2.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-3.61; P < 0.001), ventricular tachycardia (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.18-4.35; P < 0.02), atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.03-2.38; P < 0.04), atrial flutter (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.29-4.40; P < 0.01), renal insufficiency (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.10-3.41; P < 0.03), and leg wound infection (OR, 5.34; 95% CI, 2.27-12.54; P < 0.001). Obesity in diabetic patients was not independently associated with an increased risk of mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction, sepsis, or sternal wound infection.     

中澳咸阳农村卫生综合项目乡镇卫生院院长管理培训效果调查

目的：评估中澳农村卫生综合项目乡镇卫生院院长管理知识培训效果。方法：采用问卷调查、焦点组访谈、个人深入访谈、现场走访等方法进行现况调查。结果：多数卫生院院长在管理基础知识的收获、分析问题的能力、观念的转变、管理行为的改变、员工士气的提高、卫生服务的改善方面都有所提高；被调查的三所中心乡卫生院的所有职工都认为所在卫生院近半年来的工作总体上有所改进；病人及周围居民对三所卫生院的总体满意度都在55％以上。结论：乡镇卫生院管理培训效果良好。     

不同浓度的富马毒素B1对肝癌细胞凋亡的影响

目的探讨不同浓度富马毒素对肝癌细胞凋亡的影响,为进一步研究富马毒素诱导凋亡的机制打下基础。方法利用PI标记的流式细胞术测定不同浓度下富马毒素对体外培养肝癌细胞凋亡率的影响。结果在1.25nmol/ml的富马毒素作用下凋亡率与空白没有差异,在2.5～40nmol/mlFB1的浓度范围内出现了明显的凋亡,随着富马毒素浓度的增加,体外培养的肝细胞凋亡率增加,且凋亡率在15nmol/ml达到高峰。结论富马毒素可导致肝癌细胞凋亡,随着浓度的递增,其凋亡率也随之递增。     

在音乐缭绕中痊愈

你是否曾经因为它血脉贲张浑身发抖过．你是否因为它心潮起伏热泪盈眶过？如果这世界上没有它．你怕么？当天堂的圣歌响起．即使面对死亡．你也无所畏惧，它以它温柔的手．抚平你心里和肉体的伤……它让你不痛。[编者按]