益胃汤加味方对原发性干燥综合征疲劳症状的影响

目的:探讨益胃汤加味对改善原发性干燥综合征(primary sj?rgren's syndrome,pSS)气阴两虚、瘀血阻络证患者疲劳症状及免疫学指标的治疗效果。方法:将116例原发性干燥综合征患者按照随机、对照、单盲法分为治疗组与对照组,每组58例。治疗组给予益胃汤加味方,每日1剂,2次/d;对照组给予硫酸羟氯喹200 mg/次,2次/d,两组均连续治疗24周。比较治疗前后两组患者中医证候疗效、中医疲劳症状积分、疲劳症状视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)以及类风湿因子(rheumatoid factor,RF)与血清免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G,IgG)水平。结果:治疗后治疗组患者中医证候疗效优于对照组(Z=3. 712,P0. 05);治疗组中医疲劳积分与疲劳症状视觉模拟评分改善均优于对照组(P0. 05)。治疗6个月后,治疗组IgG水平较本组治疗前明显下降(P0. 05),与对照组组间比较差异无统计学意义。治疗后两组类风湿因子与本组治疗前比较均无明显下降。治疗组不良反应率1. 75%(1/57),对照组不良反应发生率为25. 49%(13/51)。结论:与硫酸羟氯喹相比,益胃汤加味方治疗pSS,可明显改善患者疲劳及总体症状,两者均可降低血清IgG,益胃汤加味方组疗效较硫酸羟氯喹更明显。两组药物对pSS患者RF水平均无明显影响。长期用药,益胃汤加味方治疗pSS较硫酸羟氯喹更为安全。     

Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes doxorubicin resistance in chondrosarcoma cells by affecting XRCC5 expression

Chondrosarcoma is the second most common form of bone cancer and is characterized by its ability to produce an extracellular matrix of the cartilage. High-grade chondrosarcoma is highly aggressive and can metastasize to other parts of the body. Chondrosarcoma is resistant to both conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy; hence, the current main treatment is still surgical resection. Doxorubicin (Dox) has been shown to significantly improve patient survival compared with untreated chondrosarcoma. However, for patients with metastasis, surgical resection alone can hardly treat them. In addition, drug resistance is one of the leading causes of death in patients with chondrosarcoma. Secreted proteins can mediate cell-cell interactions in the cancer microenvironment, which may be associated with the development of drug resistance. In the present study, chondrosarcoma cells were treated with Dox, the conditioned medium was then collected and changes in secreted proteins were analyzed using the antibody array. Results showed that the Dox-treated group had the highest secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), indicating the effect of bFGF on Dox sensitivity in chondrosarcoma. Furthermore, lentiviral-mediated knockdown and treatment of exogenous recombinant protein were employed to further investigate the effect of bFGF on Dox resistance. Results demonstrated that bFGF can promote the expression of X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5 (XRCC5), leading to Dox resistance. Secreted bFGF is likely to be detected in serum, in addition to being a biomarker for predicting Dox resistance, the combination of Dox and bFGF/XRCC5 blockers may be a new therapeutic strategy to improve the efficacy of Dox in future.     

磁锚定技术辅助腹腔镜阑尾切除术的实验研究

目的:验证自行设计加工的磁锚定装置在减戳孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术中应用的可行性。方法:设计加工适用于辅助减戳孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术的磁锚定装置,该装置包括内置抓钳和锚定磁体2个部分。以6只健康雄性Beagle犬为模型,用磁锚定装置代替传统腹腔镜阑尾切除术中的副操作孔抓钳,经主操作孔置入磁锚定内置抓钳并钳夹于阑尾尖部,体外放置锚定磁体,锚定磁体与内置抓钳的靶磁体相吸,移动锚定磁体即可改变内置抓钳的牵拉方向,从而有效牵拉暴露手术术野,完成减戳孔腹腔镜阑尾切除手术。记录手术操作时间、术中出血量,评价利用磁锚定装置进行阑尾切除时操作的安全性和可行性。结果:6只Beagle犬均顺利完成磁锚定技术辅助减戳孔腹腔镜阑尾切除,手术时间27~38 min,出血量均小于10 ml,术后实验犬状态良好,未出现并发症。结论:磁锚定装置用于减戳孔腹腔镜阑尾切除手术操作简单、安全可行,在相关设计进一步优化基础上,可尝试或试验性用于临床。     

加强型鼻咽通气道应用于鼻腔手术后气道管理临床研究

目的研制加强型鼻咽通气道应用于五官科鼻腔手术后的气道管理。方法选取2014年1月至2015年3月行五官科鼻腔手术的患者60例,将其分为A组和B组,各30例。A组作为加强型鼻咽通气道组,术毕在膨胀止血海绵中放置加强型鼻咽通气道保留鼻腔通气;B组作为对照组,术毕采用传统单纯填塞膨胀止血海绵。通过术后24、48 h随访,对两组患者进行疼痛、睡眠质量、口干程度评分,并对其进行对比分析。结果加强型鼻咽通气道具有良好的抗压抗折性;A组患者24、48 h睡眠质量、口干程度评分均明显优于B组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论加强型鼻咽通气道用于五官科鼻腔手术后气道管理可增强气道管理安全性及患者舒适度。     

优化新生脉散方治疗心力衰竭的网络药理学机制分析

[目的] 运用网络药理学方法分析优化新生脉散方治疗慢性心力衰竭（CHF）的作用机制。[方法] 基于中药系统药理数据库和分析平台（TCMSP）、BATMAN-TCM及UniProt数据库查询优化新生脉散方药物的主要活性成分与相应靶点，利用GeneCards数据库检索CHF相关靶点，通过OmicShare网站分析并结合Cytoscape-v3.6.0软件构建优化新生脉散方中药-化合物-靶点-疾病网络图，使用DAVID数据库对潜在靶点进行基因功能（GO）及京都基因和基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路富集分析。[结果] 根据类药性（DL）、口服吸收利用度（OB）、参数评分（Scorecutoff）筛选出与CHF相关的潜在化合物85种及靶点89个，其中，化合物有quercetin、luteolin、kaempferol等，靶点包括SCN5A、ADRB2、NOS2等。功能富集分析涉及生物过程、分子功能、细胞组分的GO条目共497个，主要参与调控细胞凋亡、增殖及缺氧、炎症反应等方面，KEGG通路富集得到139条，主要与缺氧诱导因子-1（HIF-1）、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B（PI3K-Akt）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）信号通路等有关。[结论] 优化新生脉散方治疗CHF具有多成分、多靶点、多途径的作用，为进一步研究优化新生脉散方治疗CHF的潜在复杂机制提供参考方向。     

野生型胃肠道间质瘤的研究进展

胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)是最常见的消化道间叶组织来源肿瘤,约10%的GIST患者分子检测无KIT/PDGFRA基因突变,称为野生型GIST。根据是否有琥珀酸脱氢酶B(SDHB)表达缺失,野生型GIST可分为SDH缺陷型和非SDH缺陷型,SDH缺陷型包括无综合征相关性、Carney三联征相关性及Carney-stratakis综合征相关性GIST;非SDH缺陷型包括BRAF突变、Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病相关性、K/N-RAS突变及四重野生型GIST等。野生型GIST的发生发展、临床病理特征和治疗原则均与KIT或PDGFRA突变的GIST有较大差异。本文就野生型GIST的分子机制和临床诊疗进展做一综述。     

桑根酮C对博莱霉素诱导小鼠肺纤维化改善作用及机制研究

目的观察桑根酮C对博莱霉素诱导的小鼠肺纤维化的影响,并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法 C57BL/6小鼠随机分为4组,即假手术组、模型组和桑根酮C(100、50 mg/kg)组,每组20只。假手术组小鼠气管内注射生理盐水,模型组小鼠气管内注射博莱霉素诱导肺纤维化模型。术后第4天开始给药,连续给药28d后检测小鼠呼吸功能;检测肺内羟脯氨酸含量;HE染色观察肺内炎症表现;Masson染色观察肺内胶原活性;免疫组化法检测肺内转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)蛋白表达量;免疫蛋白印迹法检测肺内α平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、核转录因子-κB p65(NF-κB p65)、磷酸化的核转录因子-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)、Ⅰ型胶原和Ⅲ型胶原表达量。结果与模型组比较,桑根酮C能够改善经博莱霉素诱导形成肺纤维化后小鼠的呼吸功能,能够明显降低肺内羟脯氨酸含量,明显减轻肺内炎症和胶原沉积,肺内TGF-β1、α-SMA、NF-κBp65、p-NF-κBp65、Ⅰ型胶原和Ⅲ型胶原蛋白表达量明显降低。结论桑根酮C能够明显改善博莱霉素诱导小鼠肺纤维化,改善呼吸功能,其机制可能与抑制TGF-β1过表达和降低炎症转录因子NF-κB及磷酸化表达有关。     

基于升降浮沉理论的升陷汤与补中益气汤内涵之别

升降浮沉是中药理论体系的重要组成部分，后世医家分别从理论及临床应用方面加以阐发，不断充实升降浮沉理论，使其日臻成熟与完善。李东垣《脾胃论》所载补中益气汤，亦被后世奉为治疗“中气下陷”证的主方。张锡纯在《医学衷中参西录》中提出了“大气下陷”一词，并针对此证创立了专方升陷汤。两者同为“气陷”证而设，然其内涵又有不同。依据升降浮沉理论于脏腑、药物之用，通过补中益气汤与升陷汤的组方思路探析，比较治则治法之不同，分析其所治气陷证之别。升降浮沉理论贯穿于此二方的理论思想和制方用药方法，对充实、完善中药药性理论具有积极作用。     

Subscapularis Transthoracic Versus Posterolateral Approaches in the Surgical Management of Upper Thoracic Tuberculosis: A Prospective,Randomized Controlled Study

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the clinical, radiological, and functional outcomes of a subscapularis transthoracic surgical approach and a posterolateral surgical approach with debridement, bone graft fusion, and internal fixation for the treatment of upper thoracic tuberculosis.There is currently debate over the best surgical approach for the treatment of upper thoracic tuberculosis. Traditionally, the subscapularis transthoracic approach has been preferred; however, the posterolateral approach has gained popularity in the past few years.A prospective, consecutive cohort of 43 upper thoracic tuberculosis patients with a mean age of 39 years (range: 20–52 years) was followed up for a minimum of 12 months (range: 12–60 months). Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group A (n = 21) was treated by the subscapularis transthoracic approach and group B (n = 22) was treated by the posterolateral approach. All cases were evaluated for clinical, radiological, and functional outcomes. Intraoperative blood loss, operative duration, intraoperative and postoperative complications, hospital stay, the cure rate, fusion time, and the Frankel scale were used for clinical and functional evaluation, whereas the kyphosis angle was used for radiological evaluation.Grafted bones were fused by 10 months in all cases. There was no statistically significant difference between groups before surgery in terms of gender, age, segmental tuberculosis, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Frankel scale, or Cobb''s angle (P > 0.05). The average operative duration for Group B was lower than that of Group A. There were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative and postoperative complications, hospital stay, grafted bone fusion time, or cure rate between groups (P > 0.05). The Cobb''s angle correction rate for group B (68.5%) was significantly better than that of group A (30.9%). The neurological score showed significant postoperative improvement in both groups, with no significant difference between the groups.The subscapularis transthoracic approach and the posterolateral approach with debridement, bone graft fusion, and internal fixation are both sufficient and satisfactory for the surgical treatment of upper thoracic tuberculosis. However, the posterolateral approach is superior to the subscapularis transthoracic approach in terms of surgical trauma, operative time, and kyphosis correction.