动物药整理研究——蜈蚣

蜈蚣是我国传统动物药材之一，在中医药领域应用广泛，具有很高的药用价值。中医药古籍中对其有详细记载，蜈蚣具有止痛、拔毒、活血等主要功效，主要用于治疗疔疮、小儿急慢性惊风、痈疽等疾病，多与全蝎防风、麝香相伍。现代药理研究发现，其还具有抗炎、镇痛、抑菌、抗衰老和抗肿瘤的作用，在继承了传统功效的基础上又有了新的发展和应用。     

急性重症胰腺炎并发腹腔间隔室综合征的诊治

重症胰腺炎并发腹腔间隔室综合征是急性胰腺的一种特殊并发症，其病情极其复杂且凶险，死亡率高。到目前为止，很多临床医生对其认识不足，有必要加以探讨。本文就该病的发病机制、病理生理变化、临床特征以及诊断、治疗方面相关问题加以论述。     

单侧门静脉栓塞诱导家兔肝细胞凋亡及对侧肝叶增生的实验研究

目的探讨家兔门静脉栓塞后同侧肝细胞凋亡及对侧肝叶增生的最佳时间。方法健康家兔40只,随机分成5组,每组8只。一组做对照,余剖腹细针穿刺行肝右叶选择性门静脉栓塞。分别于栓塞前、栓塞后第3、7、14、21天各处死1组,依次为A、B、C、D、E组。处死后测量肝左、右叶体积,右肝取病理切片观察肝细胞凋亡、坏死情况及肝功能改变。结果栓塞后肝右叶体积逐步减少,A到E组平均体积分别为46．4、46．0、44．4、42．0、39．7 cm~3。肝左叶体积逐步增大,A到E组平均体积分别为54．0、54．5、56．3、61．7、63．9 cm~3。剩余肝比例逐步增加,A到E组分别为53．8%、54．2%、55．9%、59．0%、61．0%。肝细胞凋亡指数A到E组分别为8．1%、12．2%、19．4%、20．1%、14．2%。结论选择性门静脉栓塞可引起同侧肝叶萎缩及诱导肝细胞凋亡和对侧肝叶体积代偿性增生,最佳时间为7～14 d。     

两种不同方法定位肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞的临床观察

目的 观察经肩胛舌骨肌定位和运用神经刺激器定位肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞两种方法的临床效果。方法 选择ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级的择期上肢手术患者60例，随机分为两组：I组（30例）通过肩胛舌骨肌定位穿刺点寻找异感；Ⅱ组（30例）使用神经刺激器定位肌间沟臂丛神经，观察肌肉节律性收缩。两组分别观察进针深度，阻滞效果及不良反应。I组还同时观察肩胛舌骨肌触摸难易度，穿刺部位以及一次异感获得率等。结果 I组肩胛舌骨肌触摸容易者27例（90％），穿刺部位距锁骨上缘1.6-3.1cm，进针深度0.5-1.5cm，一次获得异感26例（87％），阻滞效果完善，无不良反应。Ⅱ组有28例阻滞完善，另2例阻滞不全，2例出现不良反应。结论 运用神经刺激器定位肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞切实可行。而以肩胛舌骨肌定位肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞定位明确，效果满意，简单易行。     

Apopotic gene Bax expression in carotid plaque

The expression of BAX in carotid atherosclcrosis and its regulation is far from defined. Objectives To investigate BAX expression in stable/fibrous and instable/vulnerable carotid plaque and its clinical significance. Methods 25 cases of carotid plaque specimens obtained from endarterectomy were divided into two groups, stable/fibrous 14 cases, vulnerable/instable 11 cases; aortic artery and its branches from hepatic transplantation donors 6 case as control. The expression of proapoptotic BAX was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridization(ISH) and in situ TdT dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). Results 5 eases of BAX ( ) were detected by ICH and ISH, 4 case of TUNEL ( ) were detected by TUNEL in stable/fibrous carotid plaque, while 10 cases were BAX ( )by IHC(P<0.05) , 11 case by ISH and 9 case by TUNEL were detected in instable/vulnerable carotid plaque (P<0.01), respectively. The intensity of BAX ( ) cells by IHC and ISH was 8.63±2.62 and 10.32±3.12 in fibrous plaques, whereas 122±21.64 and 152±23.35 in vulnerable plaques, respectively. No expression of BAX was found in controlled group. Conclusion The higher expression of Bax in vulnerable carotid plaque may be one mechanisms in molecular pathogenesis of carotid atherosclerosis which affect plaque stability and be the cause of higher incidence of stroke than fibrous carotid plaques, the regulation of BAX expression in different stage of atherosclerosis may provide targets in gene therapy for carotid atherosclerosis.     

β2-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR GENE POLYMORPHISM IN CHINESE NORTHERN ASTHMATICS

THEβ2-adrenergicreceptor(β2-AR)ishighlyexpre-ssedonairwaysmoothmusclecellsinlung,anddefectsinβ2-ARsignalpathwaywereinvolvedinthepathogenesisofasthma.1 Humanβ2-ARgeneisanintr-onlessgenewithacodingblockconsistingof1239nucleo-tidesonchromosome5q31-32,genome-widesearchforas-thmasusceptibilitylocishowedthatmarkersonthisregionhavebeenlinkedtoasthma-associatedphenotypesinvariousethnicpopulations.2 Reihsausetal3 firstdescribedninecod-ingregionpolymorphisms,particularly,thethreecommonaminoacidsu…     

钛网椎板成形术治疗颈椎管狭窄症

目的 观察钛网椎板成形术治疗颈椎管狭窄症的效果。方法 19例颈椎管狭窄症患者进行椎板钛网成形术，对结果进行临床和X线片评定。结果 平均随访21．7个月，所有病例临床症状得到改善，无局部和全身异常反应。颈椎板成形术后椎管矢状径平均增加4．7mm，钛网位置无变化，已被再生的自体骨固定。结论 钛网椎板成形术在颈椎管狭窄症的治疗中具有良好应用前景。     

液氮冷冻治疗疥疮炎性结节

<正> 我科自去年起,对经过有效灭疥或其他治疗无效的106例疥疮炎性结节进行液氮冷冻治疗,取得较好的效果.报告如下: 全部病例均为门诊病例,男性98例,女性8例;年龄最小6个月,最大53岁;病期最长一年,最短半个月。皮损90％以上发生在阴囊、阴茎、臀部,女性主要在小阴唇和乳房。损害数目不定,4～15个者居多.搔痒剧烈。治疗方法:棉签浸入液氮,取出后将棉签尖部稍用压力直尉氏在皮疹上,持续时间30～40秒,一般结节冻融2～3次,痊愈标