螺旋CT在小肾癌诊断中的价值

目的评价螺旋CT多期扫描在小肾癌诊断中的价值。方法收集经手术病理证实的小肾癌14例,分析其螺旋CT平扫、皮质期、实质期及肾盂期的表现。结果CT平扫病灶呈等密度7例,稍低密度5例,稍高密度1例,1例为囊实性肿块,其中2例伴斑点状钙化。增强扫描皮质期12例呈明显强化,2例呈轻中度强化。肾实质期肿瘤密度迅速减退,肾盂期肿瘤密度进一步减退。结论小肾癌螺旋CT增强多期扫描征象有一定特征性,对小肾癌的诊断有重要价值。     

双手叩肺法用于重症脑卒中并发下呼吸道感染患者排痰

目的 寻求重症脑卒中并发下呼吸道感染患者的有效排痰方法.方法 将并发下呼吸道感染的61例脑卒中患者随机分为治疗组(31例)与对照组(30例).治疗组以双手叩肺法排痰、排痰机辅助震荡后行负压吸痰.对照组以传统方法叩肺排痰、排痰机辅助震荡后行负压吸痰.结果 排痰第2天治疗组排痰量显著多于对照组,第4、5天显著少于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 双手叩肺排痰法有目的地叩击、震荡肺部,可使痰液顺利排出体外.     

瘤内注射纳科思联合放疗的方法探讨

目的探讨浅表肿块内注射纳科思(TNF-α变构体)联合放疗的方法和安全性。方法29例恶性肿瘤浅表肿块的治疗方法分为甲、乙两组,甲组16例,先给予肿块放疗(DT 16GY/8F),然后瘤内注射纳科思;乙组13例,瘤内注射纳科思同时联合放疗。结果甲、乙两组近期疗效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);甲组较乙组的不良反应低(P<0.05)。结论在纳科思联合放疗浅表恶性肿块时,先给予肿块放疗,再行瘤内注射纳科思(TNF-α变构体)联合放疗的方法较好,不良反应较低,安全性较高。     

联合门静脉和/或肠系膜上静脉切除的扩大胰十二指肠切除术

目的探讨胰头癌侵犯门静脉和／或肠系膜上静脉（PV／SMV）时的根治切除的可行性。方法回顾分析包括受侵PV／SMV在内的扩大胰头十二指肠切除术16例的临床资料。16例均行胰头十二指肠切除术，其中9例行血管壁部分切除，5例行血管节段性切除及对端吻合，2例行受侵血管切除＋自体静脉移植。结果全组患者术后均未发生血管栓塞、肠坏死、肝衰竭等并发症。除1例并发多器官衰竭于术后2d死亡外，均康复出院。15例均随访。存活超过3年者3例，超过5年者1例，存活3～26个月4例。结论对单纯侵犯PV／SMV的胰头癌施行联合PV／SMV住内的胰头癌扩大根治术是可行的。     

护理干预预防前列腺电切术中寒战的效果观察

目的 探讨护理干预预防前列腺电切术中寒战的效果。方法 将80例经尿道前列腺电切术患者随机分为对照组和观察组各40例。对照组术中按常规进行护理，观察组术中在常规护理的基础上，提高室温至24～26℃，输注液体、灌洗液加温至37℃，并采取保温措施。于患者入手术室即刻（术前）、术中、术毕测量并记录T、HR、BP；观察术中寒战、躁动的发生情况。结果 观察组术中、术毕体温显著高于对照组（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）；术中、术毕心率、收缩压显著低于对照组（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）；术中寒战、躁动发生率显著低于对照组（均P〈0．01）。结论 术前、术中积极采取有效保温措施，可减少寒战的发生。     

快速心房起搏对家兔L-型钙通道和Kv4.3钾通道基因表达的影响

目的观察快速心房起搏对家兔心房L型钙通道亚单位和Kv4.3钾通道基因表达的影响。方法新西兰大耳白家兔36只,随机分成6组,经右颈外静脉穿刺置入电极于右房,分别给予0、3、6、12、24或48h快速心房起搏,停止起搏后取右房组织,应用半定量反转录聚合酶链式反应测定各时相点L型钙通道α1c,β1,α2亚单位,钾通道Kv4.3mRNA的表达水平。结果L型钙通道α1c、β1亚单位在快速起搏6h后表达水平下调,并随着起搏时间的延长进一步下调。α2亚单位的mRNA表达在各时相点无显著差异。Kv4.3的mRNA的表达在快速起搏的24h和48h下降分别达55.50%（P<0.01）和59.12%（P<0.01）。48h后下降达到一个平台期。结论快速心房起搏可导致L型钙通道亚单位和Kv4.3钾通道mRNA表达下调。     

利用响应面分析法优化γ-氨基丁酸发酵培养基

通过响应面分析的方法对发酵生产γ 氨基丁酸(GABA)的培养基进行优化.利用二水平正交试验考察葡萄糖、豆饼粉、玉米浆、K2HPO4、吐温 80、起始pH值和谷氨酸钠(MSG)对发酵生产GABA的影响.利用极差分析找出主要影响因子:分别为豆饼粉、玉米浆和葡萄糖.利用中心组合设计与响应面分析进一步考察主要影响因子并确定了最佳培养基的组成.在优化培养基中,GABA产量增加约4倍,达到3.63g/L,实验值与预测值基本相符.     

液体粘滞系数仪的应用和数据处理程序设计

目的以前所用作图外延拟合直线求液体粘滞系数方法误差较大，实验效率较低。为减小误差，提高实验效率，作者编写了可实现无限广延条件下计算液体粘滞系数的微机程序。方法根据线性拟合处理数据原理，利用Visual Basic6、0编写液体粘滞系数的计算程序。结果实验表明线性拟合计算程序方便、快捷、实用，计算结果准确可靠。结论利用线性拟合计算程序可快速准确计算不同温度不同液体在无限广延条件的粘滞系数。     

软组织激光全息扫描鼻眶窝的三维数字图像分析

目的　介绍三维扫描仪在非接触条件下采集面部软组织精确数据的方法 ,为临床整形提供标准的鼻眶窝三维测量数据。方法　应用三维激光扫描仪和Geomagic软件 ,采集 12例标准汉族人的颜面轮廓 ,并对鼻眶窝进行数据测量和分析。结果　通过三维激光扫描和逆向工程软件可以再现出面部形态有意义的任一角度的三维图像 ,且精确度达到 0 0 1mm ,实验初步确定了鼻眶窝最低点的三维定位 ,描述了鼻眶窝的三维形态特征。结论　此方法可以全面反映鼻眶窝与周围结构形态学上的相互关系 ,三维激光扫描是实现术前设计、手术模拟和术后效果评价的新途径     

环戊硫酮治疗干眼的临床疗效评价

Objective To investigate anethol trithione therapic efficiency on dry eye. Methods It was a prospective random double-blind controlled study. Eighty cases diagnosed dry eye in Ocular Surface Out-patient Clinic of Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center from 2006 to 2008 were divided into two groups: anethol trithione group and control group, 40 cases in each group. Every group was then divided into two subgroups: weak dry eye subgroup, middle and severe dry eye subgroup. All groups had been added with 0.05% refresh drops. All patients had been detected and evaluated by subjective symptoms of dry eye, visual acuity,corneal fluorescent staining(F1), break-up time(BUT) and Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠT) at pre-therapy and 3,7,28 d of post-therapy. All groups had been compared and analyzed by F test and sample mean difference (SMD) or median difference (MD) comparison between pre-therapy and post-therapy. Results Except of tear and red eye, the other subjective symptoms of dry eye, F1, BUT and SⅠT of weak dry eye subgroup of both groups had been improved at 7 d after therapy. Only those of middle and severe dry eye subgroup of anethol trithione group had been improved at 7 d after therapy compared with those of pre-therapy: SMD=0.96 (visual tiredness), 1.26 (dry and unsmooth sensation), 0.82 (foreign body sensation), 1.28 (burning sensation), 1.05 (photophobia), 1.48 ( pain ) ; MD=0.30 (visual acuity), 4.00 (F1) ,5.00 (BUT), 5.00 (SⅠT) [F=15.30 (visual tiredness), 15.68 (dry and unsmooth sensation ), 13.56 (foreign body sensation), 20. 91 ( burning sensation ), 18.90 (photophobia), 27.22 ( pain ), 10.54 (visual acuity), 188.21 (F1) ,261.76 (BUT) ,269.05 (SⅠT) ;P<0. 05]. Those of middle and severe dry eye subgroup of control group hadn't significantly been improved at 28 d after therapy: SMD=0.10 (visual tiredness) ,0.16 (dry and unsmooth sensation) ,0.09 (foreign body sensation) ,0.38 ( burning sensation ), 0.24(photophobia) ,0.36 (pain) ,0.23 (red eye) ; MD=0.10 (visual acuity) ,0.50(F1) ,0.50(BUT), 0.50(SⅠT) [F=1.76 (visual tiredness), 1.61 (dry and unsmooth sensation), 1.02 (foreign body sensation),2.39 (burning sensation), 2.42 (photophobia), 2.73 ( pain ), 2.55 ( red eye ), 1.46 ( visual acuity) ,2.35 (F1) ,2.90 (BUT) ,2.76 (SⅠT) ; P>0.05]. SⅠT of anethol trithione group had been improved more significantly after therapy (F=13.77, P<0.05). Conclusion Anethol trithione could significantly improve middle and severe dry eye patients' symptoms and signs whose lacrimal gland function survival and it has clinical application value.