HPLC法测定七味清咽气雾剂中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱法同时测定七味清咽气雾剂中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱的含量.方法 采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Agilent ZORBAX NH2,流动相为乙腈-异丙醇-3％磷酸溶液(80∶5∶15),检测波长为210 nm,流速为1.0mL·min-1,柱温为40℃,检测波长为210 nm.结果 苦参碱在0.0820～2.0500 μg范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为99.79％.RSD＝0.30％;氧化苦参碱在0.0633～1.2660μg范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为99.87％,RSD＝0.48％.结论 本法简便、准确、快速,可用于同时测定七味清咽气雾剂中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱的含量.     

Bifidobacterium as an oral delivery carrier of interleukin-12 for the treatment of Coxsackie virus B3-induced myocarditis in the Balb/c mice

IL-12 plays an important role in the treatment of many infectious diseases by being administered intravenously or intramuscularly. However, intravenous or intramuscular administration is difficult and inconvenient and may cause side effects. The aim of this study is to develop a novel oral delivery system for IL-12 using genetically engineered Bifidobacterium longum as the carrier and further investigate the efficacy of IL-12-expressed B. longum on the coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3)-induced myocarditis in mice. A mIL-12 gene expression vector pBBADs-IL-12 for B. longum was constructed and transformed into Bifidobacterium. Subsequently, the expression of mIL-12 in the engineered B. longum was identified in vitro by western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after l-arabinose induction. Moreover, our data indicated that oral administration of IL-12-expressed B. longum for two weeks after CVB3 infection in the Balb/c mice could downregulate the severity of virus-induced myocarditis, markedly reduce the virus titers in the heart and induce a Th1 pattern in the spleen and heart compared with the controls. In conclusion, a novel oral delivery system of Bifidobacterium for murine IL-12 has been successfully established. Oral administration of mIL-12-transformed B. longum may play a therapeutic role in the treatment of CVB3-induced myocarditis in the mice.     

Two mucosal-parenteral schedules to coadminister a multiantigenic formulation against HIV-1 in Balb/c mice

Previous studies showed that simultaneous immunization through the nasal (IN) and subcutaneous (SC) route of a multiantigenic formulation induced a Th1 anti-HIV humoral and cellular immune responses. The formulation was comprised of a recombinant protein of HIV-1 (named CR3; Cellular Response number 3) and the surface and nucleocapsid antigens of hepatitis B virus. This study asks whether four times simultaneous administration through the IN and SC routes (SC+IN) of the multiantigenic formulation induces a similar systemic and mucosal immune responses than two sequential IN priming and two SC boosting (2IN&2SC) inoculations in mice. To answer this question, we tested the same total dose of each antigen per animal in both schedules of inoculation. We found that SC+IN and 2IN&2SC coadministration induced comparable levels of CR3(HIV)-specific IFN-γ-secreting cells and CD8+ cells proliferation in the systemic compartment of animals. Consistent with these findings, a similar Th1 profile considering anti-CR3 IgG1:IGg2a ratio was observed. Additionally, the level of IgG antibodies and the frequency of seroconverting animals in vagina were not different. However, in the case of IgA antibodies the same parameters were significantly higher in the SC+IN group. We also found important level of HBsAg-specific antibodies in serum and vaginal washes.     

Effects of olanzapine on muscarinic M3 receptor binding density in the brain relates to weight gain, plasma insulin and metabolic hormone levels

The second generation antipsychotic drug (SGA) olanzapine has an efficacy to treat schizophrenia, but can cause obesity and type II diabetes mellitus. Cholinergic muscarinic M3 receptors (M3R) are expressed on pancreatic β-cells and in the brain where they influence insulin secretion and may regulate other metabolic hormones via vagal innervation of the gastrointestinal tract. Olanzapine's M3R antagonism is an important risk factor for its diabetogenic liability. However, the effects of olanzapine on central M3Rs are unknown. Rats were treated with 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg olanzapine/kg or vehicle (3×/day, 14-days). M3R binding densities in the hypothalamic arcuate (Arc) and ventromedial nuclei (VMH), and dorsal vagal complex (DVC) of the brainstem were investigated using [3H]4-DAMP plus pirenzepine and AF-DX116. M3R binding correlations to body weight, food intake, insulin, ghrelin and cholecystokinin (CCK) were analyzed. Olanzapine increased M3R binding density in the Arc, VMH and DVC, body weight, food intake, circulating plasma ghrelin and CCK levels, and decreased plasma insulin and glucose. M3R negatively correlated to insulin, and positively correlated to ghrelin, CCK, food intake and body weight. Increased M3R density is a compensatory up-regulation in response to olanzapine's M3R antagonism. Olanzapine acts on M3R in regions of the brain that control food intake and insulin secretion. Olanzapine's M3R blockade in the brain may inhibit the acetylcholine pathway for insulin secretion. These findings support a role for M3Rs in the modulation of insulin, ghrelin and CCK via the vagus nerve and provide a mechanism for olanzapine's diabetogenic and weight gain liability.     

冷水泳浴对高尿酸血症模型大鼠诱发痛风性关节炎的影响

目的观察冷水泳浴对制备与临床发病机制相似的大鼠痛风性关节炎模型的影响。方法采用隔天sc给予氧嗪酸钾1 ml.kg-1(隔天1次,共6次),并每天喂饲含次黄嘌呤饲料制备高尿酸血症模型。冷水泳浴大鼠每天在10～12℃水中泳浴10 min,共12 d。每天观察大鼠后肢是否出现肿胀,记录发生肿胀的大鼠数。用多普勒微循环测定仪测定大鼠右后肢足单位面积红细胞矢量和血灌流单位(BPU),全自动生化分析仪测定血清和关节腔尿酸浓度,HE染色观察踝关节组织病理变化。结果高尿酸血症+冷水泳浴组大鼠关节肿胀发生率为76.7%,冷水泳浴组和高尿酸血症模型组大鼠均未见后肢肿胀。冷水泳浴和高尿酸血症对大鼠后肢微循环均有明显影响,与正常对照组比较,冷水泳浴组、高尿酸血症模型组及高尿酸血症+冷水泳浴组BPU明显降低(P<0.01);高尿酸血症+冷水泳浴组比高尿酸血症模型组和冷水泳浴组微循环阻滞更加明显(P<0.01)。造模第6和12天,与正常对照组血清尿酸浓度的80±13和(81±41)μmol·L-1相比,冷水泳浴组无明显变化;高尿酸血症模型组分别为550±362和(1073±332)μmol·L-1,高尿酸血症+冷水泳浴组分别为570±458和(817±338)μmol·L-1,均明显升高(P<0.01)。与正常对照组踝关节腔中尿酸浓度(18±16)μmol·L-1比较,其余各组大鼠均明显升高(P<0.01);其中高尿酸血症+冷水泳浴组(382±200)μmol·L-1明显高于冷水泳浴组(26±12)μmol·L-1和高尿酸血症模型组(137±53)μmol·L-1(P<0.01)。踝关节组织病理学检查结果表明,正常对照组、冷水泳浴组和高尿酸血症模型组无明显病理变化,高尿酸血症+冷水泳浴组可见滑膜内及周围软组织血管扩张充血,炎症细胞浸润。结论冷水泳浴可促使高尿酸血症大鼠诱发类似临床痛风性关节炎的关节肿胀。     

苯酚-硫酸法测定天山花楸果实中多糖含量

目的建立新疆天山花楸果实多糖含量测定方法。方法采用苯酚-硫酸法,以葡萄糖为对照品,检测波长490nm。结果天山花楸果实中多糖含量为4.11%,平均加样回收率为98.7%,RSD 1.8%(n=6)。结论该法操作简便,结果准确,重复性好,可用于天山花楸果实多糖的含量测定。     

115例恶性梗阻性黄疸介入治疗疗效评价

目的：探讨经皮肝穿刺胆管引流术治疗恶性梗阻性黄疸的价值。方法：对经临床确诊的恶性梗阻性黄疸115例患者,给予经皮肝穿刺胆管引流术,根据病情不同对86例患者行内外引流治疗,29例患者行外引流治疗,评价其治疗效果。结果：115例中110例患者全身症状均得到改善,5例未能完成治疗;全部患者术后血清胆红素、转氨酶较术前均明显下降,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：恶性梗阻性黄疸患者经皮肝穿刺胆管引流术介入治疗,可缓解病情,争取进一步治疗机会。     

医学院校学生专业承诺和学习倦怠的状况及其关系

采用专业承诺量表、学习倦怠量表对福建省388名医学院校学生的专业承诺、学习倦怠现状进行调查。研究结果表明,医学生专业承诺整体水平不高,学习倦怠呈中等水平;医学专业学生专业承诺优于非医学专业学生,非医学专业学生成就感更低;成绩较好的医学生专业承诺与学习倦怠优于成绩中等和较差的学生;情感承诺和理想承诺是医学院校学生学习倦...     

通络散结丸药物血清对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞生长的抑制作用

目的:通过观察通络散结丸药物血清对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞的芳香化酶和雌激素受体基因的表达、细胞增殖周期及细胞凋亡的影响,探讨通络散结丸治疗乳腺肿块性疾病的可能机制。方法:制备通络散结丸含药动物血清,以体外培养的MCF-7细胞为研究对象,以qRT-PCR法检测乳腺癌细胞芳香化酶CYP19及雌激素受体ER mRNA表达水平;流式细胞术(FCM)测定细胞增殖周期和凋亡水平;MTS实验测定细胞生长曲线。结果:与空白对照组比较,含药血清组作用细胞24 h后能明显抑制乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7的CYP19 mRNA、ER mRNA表达水平,表达水平分别降低0.346和0.128倍;药物血清作用48 h后S期和G2/M期细胞所占比例降低,尤以S期最为显著,相应的G0/G1期细胞增加,药物血清抑制了细胞增殖的正常进行;凋亡实验示细胞早期凋亡率和晚期凋亡率均增加,药物血清组总体凋亡率高于对照组;药物血清作用细胞48 h以后细胞生长曲线幅度开始明显低于对照组,在96 h时抑制效果最明显。结论:通络散结丸药物血清影响乳腺癌MCF-7细胞的雌激素合成及其作用发挥,同时抑制细胞生长。     

中药注射剂对免疫细胞表面分子的影响

目的探讨中药注射剂（TCMI）对免疫细胞致敏相关表面分子表达的影响,为TCMI致敏性评价提供参考。方法将雌性BALB／c小鼠用随机区组法分为对照组和12个TCMI组（分别为鸦胆子组、艾迪组、香丹组、葛根素组、红花组、醒脑静组、喜炎平组、舒血宁组、鱼腥草组、生脉组、黄芪组、灯盏细辛组）,每组7只小鼠。按照临床等效剂量于12个TCMI组小鼠左后肢足趾部各注射相应TCMI50μL,对照组注射等体积磷酸盐缓冲液。5d后处死动物,取左侧胴窝淋巴结制备淋巴细胞悬液,应用流式细胞术检测CD4^＋T细胞、CD8^＋T细胞、B细胞、CD11c^＋细胞及F4／80细胞比例,早期活化分子CD69、MHC11和协同刺激因子CD86、CD80、CD40及CD44分子的表达。结果与对照组相比,鸦胆子组CD4^＋T细胞比例及CD69表达均减低,艾迪组CD8^＋T细胞比例及CD69表达均减少,但2组B细胞比例均明显增高而其CD69表达均减低;葛根素组、香丹组和喜炎平组B细胞比例均增高而其CD69表达均减低,葛根素组T细胞CD69表达也减低,香丹组和喜炎平组CD8^＋T细胞比例降低;醒脑静组CD8^＋T细胞比例及T、B细胞CD69表达均减少;鱼腥草组、灯盏细辛组CD8^＋T细胞与B细胞CD69表达减低;红花组仅CD8^＋T细胞比例降低。与对照组比较,鸦胆子组、艾迪组、香丹组CD11c^＋细胞和F4／80细胞比例均增高,红花组和葛根素组仅F4／80细胞比例升高;除舒血宁组和鱼腥草组外,其他各组CD4^＋T细胞表面MHC11分子表达均明显增高;鸦胆子组、艾迪组和葛根素组CD11c^＋细胞CD40表达增高,醒脑静组CD11c^＋细胞CD80表达升高,香丹组和红花组CD11c^＋细胞CD86表达增高,F4／80细胞CD40表达减低。与对照组比较,香丹组和喜炎平组CD4^＋T细胞表面CD44分子表达增高而黄芪组表达减低;鸦胆子组、艾迪组、香丹组、红花组、喜炎平组和醒脑静组CD8^＋T细胞表面CD44分子表达均增高。结论不同种类TCMI引起的胴窝淋巴结免疫细胞表面分子变化不同,对其综合考察可以为TCMI致敏性评价提供参考和依据。