青藤碱对切口痛模型大鼠的镇痛效应及其中枢神经系统中P物质含量的影响

目的观察青藤碱对切口痛模型大鼠疼痛敏感行为及其脑脊液、脊髓中P物质含量的影响。方法 SD大鼠30只,随机分为模型组（Model）、氯诺昔康组（Lornoxicam,8mg·Kg-1）、青藤碱高剂量组（Sin-H,20mg·Kg-1）和青藤碱低剂量组（Sin-L,10mg·Kg-1）。采用机械痛敏和热痛敏测试,评价大鼠的疼痛行为。放免法检测大鼠脑脊液及脊髓L6-L8中P物质含量。结果切口痛模型大鼠的机械撤足阈值、热刺激痛感缩足时间明显改变。青藤碱高、低剂量和阳性药投与后均显示了明显的镇痛效果,其中青藤碱高剂量组镇痛效应指标优于阳性对照药氯诺昔康;给药各组大鼠脑脊液、脊髓中的P物质含量与模型组相比都下降显著,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,而以青藤碱高剂量组的脑脊液P物质浓度抑制最为明显。结论青藤碱能够减轻切口痛模型大鼠疼痛敏感行为,减少P物质在中枢神经系统的释放,后者可能是青藤碱产生镇痛作用的重要机制之一。     

两种TESA方法在腮腺炎致无精子症患者取精中的比较

目的探讨腮腺炎致无精症患者两种睾丸活检取精（TESA）即开放性睾丸活检和显微切割睾丸活检取精的优劣。方法每组24例患者,分别用开放性睾丸活检和显微切割睾丸活检取精,观察取精成功率、术后并发症发生率,术后并发症包括术后血肿的形成,术后3月睾丸萎缩、睾酮下降。结果开放性睾丸活检取精组,能找到活动的精子14例,取精成功率58．3％,术后并发症10例,约41．7％,分别为血肿2例、三月后睾丸萎缩3例、睾酮下降5例;显微切割睾丸活检取精组,能找到活动的精子18例,取精成功率75％,术后并发症5例,约20．8％,分别为血肿0例、三月后睾丸萎缩1例、睾酮下降4例。取精成功率和开放性睾丸活检取精组比较（P〈0．05）,术后并发症和开放性睾丸活检取精组此较（P〈0．01）。结论显微切割睾丸活检取精较开放手术睾丸活检取精成功率高、术后并发症少,值得推广。     

Longitudinal Standards for Height and Height Velocity in Korean Children and Adolescents: the Kangwha Cohort Study

Longitudinal standards for height and height velocity are essential to monitor for appropriate linear growth. We aimed to construct standards in Korean children and adolescents through the population-based longitudinal Kangwha study. Our study was a part of a community-based prospective cohort study from 1986 to 1999 with 800 school children. Height and height velocity were recorded annually from age 6 until final height. Results were compared with cross-sectional data from the 2007 Korean National Growth Charts. Final height was 173.5 cm in boys and 160.5 cm in girls. Although final height was similar between longitudinal and cross-sectional standards, the mean height for age was higher in the longitudinal standard by 1-4 cm from age 6 until the completion of puberty. Using the longitudinal standard, age at peak height velocity (PHV) was 12 in boys and 10 in girls; height velocity at PHV was 8.62 cm/yr in boys and 7.07 cm/yr in girls. The mean height velocity was less than 1 cm/yr at age 17 in boys and 15 in girls. Thus, we have presented the first report of longitudinal standards for height and height velocity in Korean children and adolescents by analyzing longitudinal data from the Kangwha cohort.     

D‐A Conjugated Polymers Based on Tetracyclic Acceptor Units: Synthesis and Application in Organic Solar Cells

Two electron‐deficient tetracyclic monomers, 6,9‐dibromo‐7,8‐bis(octyloxy)‐11H‐indeno[2,1‐b] quinoxalin‐11‐one ( M1 ) and 1,3‐bis(5′‐bromo‐4′‐hexylthiophen‐2‐yl)‐9H‐indeno[1,2‐b]thieno[3,4‐e]pyrazin‐9‐one ( M2 ), are synthesized through condensation of ninhydrin with aromatic diamines in good yields. Copolymerization of M1 with thiophene (Th) and dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]silole (DTS), and M2 with DTS affords three new D–A conjugated copolymers, P1 – P3, respectively . The optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of P1–P3 are investigated. P3 exhibits a broad absorption (300–1100 nm) and a low bandgap of 1.24 eV. Solar cells based on P3 /[6,6]‐phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC₇₁BM) blends afford a power conversion efficiency of 1.93% and a very broad spectral response (300–1020 nm).

     

Losartan affects the substrate for atrial fibrillation maintenance in a rabbit model

BackgroundAtrial fibrosis causes abnormal conduction through the atria, creating a substrate for atrial fibrillation (AF). In a rabbit model, rapid atrial pacing produces significant atrial fibrosis and the substrate for AF maintenance. This atrial remodeling is a potential therapeutic target.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of the losartan on atrial fibrosis.MethodsThirty rabbit AF models were produced by rapid atrial stimulation. They were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, rapid atrial pacing group, and rapid atrial pacing with losartan group. We performed AF vulnerability studies, atrial histologic, and molecular analyses after 4 weeks.ResultsOnly rabbits in the rapid atrial pacing group developed sustained AF (30 min, 4of 10 rabbits). Treatment with losartan resulted in a significant reduction in left atrial fibrosis and AF duration (P<.01). real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses demonstrated the drug's effects on the expression of Collagen I, Collagen III, and TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway.ConclusionsThe treatment of losartan results in significantly reduced atrial fibrosis and AF vulnerability. Pharmacological therapy targeted at the fibrotic substrate itself may play an important role in the management of AF.     

Identification of xanthine oxidase inhibitors through hierarchical virtual screening

As a critical enzyme for the uric acid production, xanthine oxidase (XO) has emerged as a primary drug target for antihyperuricemic therapy. A hierarchical virtual screening integrating both ligand-based and structure-based approaches was applied herein to identify potent XO inhibitors. Four compounds, which were previously reported as XO inhibitors, were recognized through the virtual screening protocol, and compound H3, which is distinct from the structures of known XO inhibitors, was identified as a new chemotype inhibitor with IC₅₀ of 2.6 μM. The binding mode of H3 was further investigated by molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The results suggested the feasibility to discover new chemotypes of XO inhibitors via integrated virtual screening strategies.

A new chemotype of XO inhibitor with the IC₅₀ of 2.6 μM was identified by a hierarchical virtual screening strategy.     

中医护理准入管理制度在推广中医特色护理实践中的应用

目的探讨实施中医准入管理制度在西医专科医院推广中医特色护理实践中的应用成效。方法采用整群抽样法,选取中国科学院大学附属肿瘤医院42个护理单元的839名正式编制的护理人员作为研究对象。于2018年4月开始对其实施中医准入管理。比较实施前后患者对中医护理的满意度和科室的质控检查评分。结果实施中医护理准入管理后患者对中医护理的满意度评分较实施前均提高(P<0.05)。2018年4月—2020年3月,开展3项以上中医护理技术的科室由2018年的8个病区增加到2020年的33个病区。中医专科专项质控检查平均分逐年递增,2018年的质控检查评分为(92.80±2.02)分,2019年的质控检查评分为(96.17±3.04)分,2020年的质控检查评分为(98.27±3.11)分。结论实施中医准入管理制度,在全院开展中医特色护理并进行有效监管与质控,能够持续性地提高全院中医护理质量,也使中医特色护理在西医专科医院得到长久的发展。