环状RNA在肿瘤表观遗传学中的机遇及挑战

表观遗传修饰异常与肿瘤发生发展密切相关，其中非编码RNA是三种常见的表遗传修饰方式之一，而环状RNA（circular RNA，circRNA）作为一类具有闭合环状结构的非编码RNA分子，研究证实可作为miRNA的海绵起调控作用，参与肿瘤细胞增殖、分化、凋亡、侵袭、转移等多种病理生理调控。同时circRNA具有特异性表达、高度保守和高稳定性等特点，因此circRNA相关标志物可能成为肿瘤早期诊断、治疗以及预后评估的有效标志物，也为肿瘤诊疗提供了无创检测的新契机。本文主要阐述circRNA相关标志物在肿瘤中的研究进展及应用现状，并探讨其在肿瘤表观遗传学中的机遇和挑战。     

白鲜皮多糖的分离纯化及抗银屑病作用

目的:对白鲜皮粗多糖(DDP)进行分离纯化,并研究其抗银屑病作用。方法:DDP经膜分离技术截留相对分子质量小于10 k Da的组分(DDP-UF),采用DEAE-52纤维素柱分离纯化得到4种组分(DDP-UF-1,DDP-UF-2,DDP-UF-3,DDPUF-4);并通过红外光谱法,高效凝胶渗透色谱法(HPGPC),高效液相色谱法(HPLC),扫描电镜(SEM)测定其理化性质及结构特征。选用咪喹莫特乳膏诱导银屑病小鼠模型,己烯雌酚诱导雌鼠阴道上皮细胞增殖,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测各组小鼠血清白细胞介素(IL)-17与IL-23含量,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色法观察小鼠背部皮肤组织病理变化、阴道上皮细胞有丝分裂指数变化。结果:DDP-UF-1～4均具有多糖特征吸收峰,DDP-UF-1～4相对分子质量分别为10 948,40 148,32 222,19 943 Da;单糖组成及摩尔比分别为甘露糖-葡萄糖-半乳糖(32. 45∶11. 35∶8. 69),甘露糖-鼠李糖-葡萄糖醛酸-葡萄糖-木糖(25. 68∶23. 44∶21. 62∶18. 86∶3. 68),甘露糖-鼠李糖-葡萄糖醛酸-半乳糖醛酸-木糖-半乳糖(18. 68∶4. 61∶3. 89∶1. 65∶5. 36∶6. 21),葡萄糖醛酸-半乳糖醛酸-葡萄糖-木糖-半乳糖(11. 63∶15. 26∶5. 32∶2. 08∶3. 46);扫描电镜(SEM)显示DDP-UF-1～4形态结构为片状或海绵状结构。DDP-UF-1与DDP-UF-3可改善银屑病小鼠背部皮损状态、抑制雌鼠阴道上皮细胞有丝分裂、明显降低血清IL-17,IL-23含量(P 0. 05,P 0. 01)。结论:DDP-UF-1与DDP-UF-3均具有良好的抗银屑病作用,其作用可能与抑制IL-23/IL-17信号通路有关。     

miR-122 Inhibits Hepatocarcinoma Cell Progression by Targeting LMNB2

In the present study, we investigated the role of miR-122 in hepatocarcinoma progression and explored the mechanism. In hepatocarcinoma tissues and cells, we used qRT-PCR to validate the miR-122 expression level. Next, we used colony formation by crystal violet staining assay to compare cell proliferation ability, and we used scratch test or Transwell assay to compare cell migration or invasion ability. We then conducted bioinformatics or luciferase reporter gene assay to prove the regulation effect of miR-122 on lamin B2 (LMNB2), and the biological function of LMNB2 was analyzed. We used nude mouse tumorigenicity assay to test the inhibition effect of miR-122 ASO therapy against hepatocarcinoma. miR-122 was reduced in hepatocarcinoma tissues compared to the paracarcinoma tissues, which was relatively low or high in hepatocarcinoma cell line SMMC7721 or Hep3B, and overexpressed miR-122 inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocarcinoma cells. Additionally, some reports showed that LMNB2 was regulated by miR-122, which inhibited the expression of LMNB2. Moreover, LMNB2 functioned to promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. We could achieve the inhibition of hepatocarcinoma using miR-122 therapy through decreasing LMNB2 expression in vivo. Our data indicated that miR-122 could inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell progression by targeting LMNB2 and as a therapeutic target for hepatocarcinoma treatment.     

从武汉抗疫看中医药文化认同与新的医学模式

从武汉抗疫中医药的投入使用情况,反思现代临床和国人所呈现出的中医药文化认同和就医习惯,探索其历史文化根源及社会因素与医学发展的内在关联。回顾历史,中医屡次临危受命,不负重托,如今大疫当前,中医药再次发挥了重要作用。故新时代探讨如何遵循中医药发展规律,传承精华、守正创新,坚持中医药原创优势,形成中医药学科优势整体化呈现的新模式医学,对提升全社会的中医药认知度具有重要意义。     

Functional Brain Network Classification for Alzheimer’s Disease Detection with Deep Features and Extreme Learning Machine

The human brain can be inherently modeled as a brain network, where nodes denote billions of neurons and edges denote massive connections between neurons.