输尿管损伤的诊断和治疗(附41例报告)

目的总结输尿管损伤的原因、诊断与治疗。方法对41例输尿管损伤的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果41例输尿管损伤中,医源性损伤35例,外伤性损伤6例;输尿管下段损伤32例,上段9例;左侧损伤28例,右侧13例。手术治疗39例,逆行输尿管插管治疗2例;肾切除1例;肠梗阻死亡1例。结论B超检查简单易行,结合静脉尿路造影(IVU)和逆行输尿管造影(RP)多能确诊。早期发现、及时手术或腔内治疗是治愈输尿管损伤的关键。     

关节镜膝关节清理术治疗中重度软骨退变的膝骨关节炎

目的探讨关节镜下膝关节清理术治疗中重度软骨退变的膝骨关节炎的效果. 方法采用关节镜下膝关节清理术联合术后康复训练治疗17例(21膝)中重度软骨退变的膝关节骨关节炎. 结果手术时间55～100 min,平均75 min.无并发症发生.术后住院15～20 d,平均13 d.术中关节被动活动范围0°～120°,术后关节活动度0°～110°.随访5～36个月,平均21个月,良好6例(8膝),尚可9例(11膝),差2例(2膝).关节活动范围0°～120°结论关节镜下膝关节清理术对中重度软骨退变的膝关节骨关节炎有一定的治疗效果.     

丙型肝炎病毒F蛋白结合蛋白1基因的克隆化与序列分析

目的 对命名为F蛋白结合蛋白1(FBP1)的未知基因,克隆其全长基因并进行生物信息学分析.方法 应用酵母双杂交技术得到FBP1,应用分子生物学技术克隆FBP1的基因编码序列.结果 经酶切和测序鉴定,结果完全正确,成功克隆了FBP1的基因编码序.结论 FBP1通过与F蛋白结合,在病毒蛋白与宿主细胞蛋白相互作用过程中发挥重要作用.     

上海市社区医生对老年抑郁症态度和知识的问卷调查

目的了解社区医生对老年期抑郁症的态度及其相关知识掌握情况。方法应用自行编制的态度和知识问卷对157名社区医生进行调查,共收到有效问卷122份,应答率77.7%。根据是否接受过抑郁症相关知识的培训,122名社区医生被分成培训组和非培训组,应用老年抑郁症态度和知识问卷,对这两组医生进行有关态度和知识掌握程度的比较。结果除了培训组在治疗抑郁症的自信心、更少将没有自杀风险的患者转诊给精神科医生明显好于非培训组外(P<0.05,P<0.01),两组医生对老年期抑郁症的态度没有差别。培训组医生对抑郁症相关知识的掌握情况,均明显好于非培训组医生(P<0.01)。但两组社区医生对老年期抑郁症的病因、临床表现以及治疗的认识或态度等方面均存在一定的局限性。结论接受过培训的社区医生对老年期抑郁症的态度的某些方面及其相关知识的掌握情况较非培训组医生好,但两组医生在对老年期抑郁症态度及知识的掌握程度方面仍存在很多不足。因此需要进一步加强对社区医生进行有关老年抑郁症相关知识的培训。     

提高毛发移植的覆盖率

目的探讨显微外科技术自体毛发移植的特点和方法,提高毛发移植成活的覆盖率。方法在较低温度(20°C)环境下,采用边切边缝方法取耳后或枕后毛发,在显微镜下分离成保留周围少量脂肪组织的毛囊族或单株,按需要移植部位不同进行不同的毛囊族或单株并套插的显微外科技术移植共31例。结果31例移植毛发后随访21例,随访时间6~38个月,移植后的毛发能基本覆盖无毛发区的皮肤和瘢痕,移植覆盖率较原来的移植方法提高33%,且外形自然,效果稳定。结论显微外科技术自体毛囊族状(微株小株)或单株移植,具有操作快、损伤小、低温保湿等特点,能较好地保留毛囊周围少量脂肪,在孔与孔的皮肤间隙内再用毛发移植针植入单株毛坯的“套插”移植,更有助于增加毛发覆盖率。     

肾功能损伤分级系统在成人心脏术后的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate of adilty of two acute renal failure-specific scoring systenms (the classification by Bellome et al and the AKIN criteria) for predicting hospital mortality after cardiac surgery in adult patients. Methods Between October 1 st 2006 to Decemjber 31 st 2006, 509 adult patients who ungerwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and/ or valve operation were enrolled in this study. The medical data collection included gender, age, types of operation, perioperative he- modynamic parameters, urine output, biochemical parameters and outcome. Renal function was assessed daily according to the classi- ficatinn by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria, respectively. As references, Acure Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE) Ⅱ and Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score were also calculated. Resuits Three hundred and forty-one patients were male (67.0%), and 168 were female (33.0%), mean age was (56.2±12.0) years old. Tnree hundred and nine patieats un- derwent CABG, 182 underwent valve operation and 18 underwent CABG plus valve operation, Mean duration of ventilation support was (20.4±17.7) houra, and the ICU stay was (1.4±1.0) days. Postoperative hospital stay was (13.8±9.1) days. According to the classification by Bellomo., the highest in-hospital mortality was 52.9% in ARFS group. Mahiplicatinn of in-hospital morality rate was abserved (X2 for trend, P<0.01) in 0.4% (non-ARF), 1.2% (stage 1), 12.0% (stal～ 2) and 32.4% (stage 3) of pa- tients based on the AKIN criteria. By applying the area under the receiver operating characteristic ourve, the classification by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria had good discriminative power. Furthering, multivariate logistic regression analysis verified that the Odds Ratio of the AKIN criteria was 5.478 (P =0.028, 95% Confidence Interval 1.027- 24.856), after adjusting for gender and age. Con- clusion Analytical data confinned good discriminative power of both the AKIN criteria and the classification by Bellomo for predicting hospital mortality of adult postoperative patient with ARF.     

胃肠道恶性肿瘤围手术期肠内免疫营养的临床研究

目的评价肠内免疫营养对胃肠道恶性肿瘤术后免疫功能、炎症反应、营养状态、并发症的影响，探讨I临床推广应用的理论依据。方法将90例胃肠道恶性肿瘤随机分为免疫营养组、普通营养组和对照组，术前5天和术后1、8天分别检测多项指标。结果（1）术后免疫营养组免疫指标明显高于另两组；（2）术后免疫营养组的炎性指标明显低于另两组；（3）术后免疫营养组的前白蛋白明显高于另两组；（4）术后免疫营养组的并发症明显低于另两组。结论围手术期肠内免疫营养可在术后早期提高病人的免疫功能，减轻术后应激反应，降低术后并发症的发生率，并缩短平均住院时间。     

Isokinetic eccentric exercise can induce skeletal muscle injury within the physiologic excursion of muscle-tendon unit: a rabbit model

Background and Purpose  

Intensive eccentric exercise can cause muscle damage. We simulated an animal model of isokinetic eccentric exercise by repetitively stretching stimulated triceps surae muscle-tendon units to determine if such exercise affects the mechanical properties of the unit within its physiologic excursion.