血管内支架模型及离体血管经腔内超声三维重建的实验研究

我们自制了16个不同形状和大小的金属支架模型，置入人造血管腔中，并采用高体正常血管8条（犬腹主动脉4条，人冠状动脉4条）进行经血管腔内超声显像（IVUS）的体元模型三维重建（3DR）研究。结果显示，该技术能真实地再现支架在管腔内的形态、支架与管壁之间的间隙及离体正常血管的管腔及管壁形态，经提取后重建的支架模型与实物非常相似。经3DR测得的支架及血管腔内径与实测值均高度相关（r分别为0.96和0.99，p＜0．001）。支架与管壁之间空隙的3DR测值与实测值也高度相关（r=0.97，p＜r.0.01）。     

Rh血型不合新生儿溶血病检测方法及应用

产前检测Ｒｈ，Ｄ因子及抗人球蛋白（ｃｏｏｍｂｓ）试验是必要的。测定Ｒｈ，Ｄ因子及抗Ｄ滴度使用木瓜酶方法。通过对１１２６１例孕妇常规检查Ｒｈ，Ｄ因子，发现Ｄ阴性７４例。Ｒｈ，Ｄ阴性妇女占６．５‰。２２例Ｒｈ，Ｄ阴性的孕妇所分娩的新生儿均为Ｒｈ，Ｄ阳性。其中２例孕妇血清抗Ｄ滴度为１∶３２，病情严重，宫内输血无效，胎死宫内。初产妇１３例，占５９％。活产２０例，存活率９０％。Ｒｈ因子及抗人球蛋白试验方法简便、易行，一般医院均可进行。对有流产史、输血史的孕妇检查Ｒｈ因子是十分必要的。在有条件的医院，对Ｒｈ，Ｄ阴性的产妇分娩Ｒｈ，Ｄ阳性的新生儿之后，产妇应预防性注射抗Ｄ免疫球蛋白     

Effect of hepatitis C antibody screening in blood donors on post-transfusion hepatitis in Taiwan

A national screening programme for antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV) in blood donors in Taiwan began in July 1992 using a second-generation immunoassay. To study the impact of this screening on post-transfusion hepatitis in Taiwan, a prospective study on post-transfusion hepatitis, that was started in 1987, was continued. As of June 1994, 245 patients who received a blood transfusion after July 1992 had completed a follow-up period for more than 6 months post-transfusion. Of them, seven (2.8%) recipients developed acute post-transfusion hepatitis. The hepatitis in six cases could not be attributed to infection by hepatitis A, B, C, D, E viruses or cytomegalovirus (CMV) or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The remaining patient seroconverted to both IgG and IgM anti-CMV. All seven patients recovered in 6 months without development of chronicity, and the mean peak alanine aminotransferase level was lower compared with that of the cases before anti-HCV screening (i.e. pre-July 1992). These results indicate that the current anti-HCV screening has effectively interrupted HCV transmission through blood transfusion in Taiwan.     

赖诺普利与依那普利对高血压的疗效比较

９２例原发性Ⅰ和Ⅱ期高血压病人采用随机、单盲方法，分２组治疗。一组用赖诺普利，ｐｏ，２０－８０ｍｇ／ｄ，另一组用依那普利，ｐｏ，１０－４０ｍｇ／ｄ，疗程均为４ｗｋ。降压总有效率和降压幅度：赖诺普利是８９％和２．９／２．０ｋＰａ，依那普利是９７％和３．１／２．１ｋＰａ，２药降压均显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），降压疗效相仿（Ｐ＞０．０５）。不良反应发生率是２９％和３４％，其中最多是干咳。结果提示赖诺普利治疗轻、中度高血压有效、安全。     

米非司酮配伍卡前列甲酯89例与米非司酮配伍米索前列醇110例终止早期妊娠的比较

目的：比较米非司酮配伍卡前列甲酯与米非司酮配伍米索前列醇终止早期妊娠的疗效。方法：妊娠≤４９ｄ孕妇１９９例，年龄２６±５ａ，随机分Ａ组８９例，Ｂ组１１０例。２组均用米非司酮２５ｍｇ，ｂｉｄ，３ｄ，于ｄ４，Ａ组阴道后穹窿置卡前列甲酯栓１ｍｇ。Ｂ组米索前列醇ｐｏ，６００μｇ。结果：Ａ和Ｂ组完全流产率各为８３％和９３．６％，经Ｘ２检验，Ｐ＜０．０５；胎囊排出时间，Ａ组４±５ｈ，Ｂ组３±６ｈ，２组无显著差异。结论：米非司酮配伍米索前列醇的抗早孕效果优于配伍卡前列甲酯。     

Mild gentamicin nephrotoxicity reduces the progression of chronic adriamycin nephrosis

SUMMARY: The effect of mild acute tubular injury on the progression of tubulointerstitial fibrosis was studied in pair-fed uninephrectomized male Wistar rats with established adriamycin nephrosis ( n = 34). Rats were stratified into three groups according to endogenous creatinine clearance (CrCl), proteinuria (Upr) and body weight (BW): (i) group 1 (Fe, n = 12) received a single intraperitoneal injection of ferric nitrilotriacetate (5 mg Fe/kg BW); (ii) group 2 (G, n = 10) three daily subcutaneous injections of gentamicin (60 mg/kg BW) and; (iii) group 3 (C, n = 12) saline injections. Serial CrCl (day 2, day 5, weeks 2, 4, 6 and 8) and renal histology (week 8) were examined following administration of nephrotoxin. CrCl was reduced on d2 (Fe: 0.78 ± 0.23 mL/min; mean ± SD) and day 5 (G: 0.91 ± 0.36 mL/min) as compared with C (1.22 ± 0.12 mL/min; P <0.05). There was no change in the serum creatinine and functional recovery occurred by d5 (Fe) and week 2 (G). Upr decreased transiently in G at week 2 (G: 482 ± 208 mg/day vs C: 716 ± 233; P = 0.05) despite similar food intake, baseline Upr and CrCl. At week 8, CrCl in Fe (0.84 ± 0.40 mL/min) was similar to C (0.84 ± 0.58 mL/min), whereas in G it remained stable (1.27 ± 0.39 mL/min; P <0.05). By morphometric analysis, mean relative interstitial volume (RIV) and glomerulosclerosis (GS) in Fe (RIV: 28.5 ± 13.4%; GS: 10.3 ± 12.3%) was no different to C (RIV: 24.5 ± 12.5%; GS: 20.9 ± 20.0%), whereas both parameters were reduced in G (RIV: 14.1 ± 8.1%; GS: 4.0 ± 4.8%; P <0.05). Mild gentamicin nephrotoxicity therefore reduced the progression of adriamycin nephrosis. the mechanism of this finding is unclear, but it may relate to altered glomerular and tubular cell handling of protein.     

肝阳上亢证甲皱微循环观察与分析

以我所统一标准,确诊为“肝阳上亢证”者,进行微循环观察,肝阳上亢证者90例;阴虚阳上亢证者88例,健康对照组48例。观察发现肝阳上亢组与健康对照组及阴虚阳亢组与健康对照组均有显著性差异。通过卡方证明本检测数据可靠,微循环观测可作为“肝阳上亢证”的客观检测指标之一。     

恒河猴坐姿着陆冲击内耳损伤的观察

为研究机体及各组织器官对冲击力的耐受限值，探讨致伤原因及提出防护措施，利用着陆冲击塔，使实验动物恒河猴的坐姿状态下，进行冲击试验，试验后１ｈ左右处死，作大体解剖观察并取心，肝，脾，肺，颞骨等组织，固定，切片，镜检。同时重点观察了内耳的损伤。结果表明，冲击载荷不大（平台过载值为≤２５Ｇ）时内脏虽然有轻度损伤，但内耳可避免受员，当冲击力加大到一定程度（平台过载值为３０～３５Ｇ）导致内脏中等损伤时，内耳     

血压在前阻力血管中下降最快的原因分析

目的：解释血压在毛细血管前阻力血管中下降最快的原因。方法：利用物理模型简化复杂的心血管系统。结果：全身所有的微、小动脉段“并联”，全身所有的毛细血管段“并联”。结论：微、小动脉段的总流阻最大、使俐血压在微、小动脉中下降最快。