Apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in human and murine tumor cells are initiated by isoprenoids

Diverse classes of phytochemicals initiate biological responses that effectively lower cancer risk. One class of phytochemicals, broadly defined as pure and mixed isoprenoids, encompasses an estimated 22,000 individual components. A representative mixed isoprenoid, gamma-tocotrienol, suppresses the growth of murine B16(F10) melanoma cells, and with greater potency, the growth of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and human leukemic (HL-60) cells. beta-Ionone, a pure isoprenoid, suppresses the growth of B16 cells and with greater potency, the growth of MCF-7, HL-60 and human colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells. Results obtained with diverse cell lines differing in ras and p53 status showed that the isoprenoid-mediated suppression of growth is independent of mutated ras and p53 functions. beta-Ionone suppressed the growth of human colon fibroblasts (CCD-18Co) but only when present at three-fold the concentration required to suppress the growth of Caco-2 cells. The isoprenoids initiated apoptosis and, concomitantly arrested cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Both suppress 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase activity. beta-Ionone and lovastatin interfered with the posttranslational processing of lamin B, an activity essential to assembly of daughter nuclei. This interference, we postulate, renders neosynthesized DNA available to the endonuclease activities leading to apoptotic cell death. Lovastatin-imposed mevalonate starvation suppressed the glycosylation and translocation of growth factor receptors to the cell surface. As a consequence, cells were arrested in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. This rationale may apply to the isoprenoid-mediated G1-phase arrest of tumor cells. The additive and potentially synergistic actions of these isoprenoids in the suppression of tumor cell proliferation and initiation of apoptosis coupled with the mass action of the diverse isoprenoid constituents of plant products may explain, in part, the impact of fruit, vegetable and grain consumption on cancer risk.     

骨肉瘤细胞核因子кB免疫组化研究

细胞核因子ＮＦ－кＢ在肿瘤血管生成中可能具有核心调节作用,本文选择８０例有随访结果的骨肉瘤,应用免疫组化方法检测 ＮＦ－кＢ ｐ６５亚单位以及血管内皮细胞生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）的表达,同时观察肿瘤内微血管密度（ＭＶＤ）,旨在探讨 ＮＦ－кＢ表达与骨肉瘤血管生成的关系。结果：８０例骨肉瘤中 ４８例 ＮＦ－кＢ ｐ６５阳性,阳性产物主要定位于肿瘤细胞浆。ＮＦ－кＢ表达与ＶＥＧＦ表达和ＭＶＤ呈显著正相关,而且ＮＦ－кＢ阳性组病人存活时间显著低于阴性组。该结果表明：①ＮＦ－кＢ ｐ６５是骨肉瘤相关的一种癌蛋白,在骨肉瘤的发生和发展中发挥重要的作用;②ＮＦ－кＢ对ＶＥＧＦ可能有正向调节作用,进而影响骨肉瘤血管生成;③ＮＦ－кＢ　对肿瘤血管生成的作用,可能是影响骨肉瘤预后的主要原因之一。     

软骨提取液成分分析及降血脂和抗过氧化实验研究

目的：为探讨动物软骨调节血脂和延缓衰老的作用。方法：交猪关节软骨碱降解及酶降解制得提取液,进行成分分析及动物实验。结果：猪软骨提取液中含有丰富的酸性粘多糖和氨基酸及人体必需微量元素,能显著降低大鼠血清ＴＣ和ＴＧ和显著升高大鼠体内超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性并降低血清脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）水平,结论：猪软骨提取液有一定的保健作用。     

应用CD3AK细胞预防肝癌术后复发的初步观察

目的 观察ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞治疗对肝癌术后复发的影响。方法 ６２例肝癌切除术按序列单双数的原则分为两组,研究组３２例术后１周开始应用ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞治疗,每隔２～３个月施行一疗程,共２～６个疗程;对照组３０例术后不用ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞治疗,仅作一般护治疗。结果 ①研究组术后１年复发率６．３％（２／３２）明显低于对照组２６．７％（８／３０）（Ｐ〈０．０５）;②研究组和对照组术后４周免疫功能有明显差异（Ｐ〈０．     

国产房水引流物置入术治疗难治性青光眼远期疗效观察

１９９３年７月～１９９８年１月为１０３例（１０６只眼）难治性青光眼患者施行国产房水引流物（ＨＡＤ）置入术。术后平均随访３２８月。术后１年时平均眼压２２±１．４ｋＰａ。术后１～５年的手术成功率分别为８３８％,８０４％,７７１％,７１０％及６４３％。术中联合应用丝裂霉素Ｃ的病例,其术后１年时的成功率为８９５％。术后常见的并发症有持续性浅前房,局限性脉络膜脱离及眼压升高等。认为ＨＡＤ可用于治疗难治性青光眼。     

Periodontitis, a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?

Exist a statistically significant association between a diagnosis of coronary heart disease and certain oral health parameters. These parameters are independent and more strongly associated with coronary heart disease than were recognized risk factors, such as serum cholesterol levels, body mass index, diabetes and smoking status. The correlation between serum and salivary cholesterol concentration and the role of salivary lipids in oral health have been poorly characterized. Lipids in saliva are mostly glandular in origin, through some may diffuse diffuse directly from the serum. The surface of the enamel (in case of dietary fat which have an cariostatic effect) is protected against demineralization by a mixture of salivary lipids and proteins. Salivary lipids may have anucleating role in the early mineralization of the dental plaque. The prevalence of periodontal disease may be increased in patients with atherosclerosis, and dental and periodontal infections have been shown to be associated with occurrence of acute and chronic coronary heart disease. Among the known risk factors of atherosclerosis, high serum lipid levels, especially cholesterol may be important with regard to periodontal health.     

犬失血性休克早期血浆3种酶活性值的变化

用１０只犬复制失血性休克模型,观察休克前、休克３０ｍｉｎ及回输血后３０ｍｉｎ时,血浆中心肌相关酶—肌酸激酶（ＣＫ）、谷草转氨酶（ＧＯＴ）、α－羟丁酸脱氢酶（ＨＢＤ）活性值的变化。结果发现：失血性休克３０ｍｉｎ时,ＣＫ、ＧＯＴ较休克前显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）;ＨＢＤ值也下降,但无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。输血后３０ｍｉｎ时,ＣＫ、ＧＯＴ、ＨＢＤ值回升,与休克３０ｍｉｎ时比显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,与休克前比无显著性差别（Ｐ＞０．０５）。提示：失血性休克早期心肌细胞可能存在有一种保护性反应,心肌细胞没有发生明显损伤。     

我国农村地区实施大病统筹合作医疗或医疗保险方案的技术缺陷

在我国中等发达及上农村地区,大病统筹合作医疗或医疗保险以其可缓解农村居民的就医经济风险而受到欢迎,但是在方案的拟订过程中尚存在一些明显的技术缺陷,比如,“大病”的技术定义、农村居民就医经济风险分析、风险临界线界定、保险经付比测算和保险费率厘定等,这些技术的缺乏,已严重影响农村合作医疗或医疗保险的推广和实施效果。     

The ocular changes in patients on chronic dialysis

The paper propose the study of lacrimal secretion alterations, the lacrimal level of the urea and the fundus optic alterations at the patients with chronic renal failure, during the hemodialysis. For the study we used the general ophthalmologic examination, the fundus optic examination before and after the hemodialysis, the lacrimal secretion examination by Schirmer l-test and the measure of lacrimal urea by the Berthelot modified method. The study was done on a member of 30 patients, with chronic renal failure, having a age of the dialysis between one and 80 months. The results of the study showed lacrimal hyposecretion, the urea lacrimal level being lower than the urea blood level and a concordance between the lacrymal and sanguine clearance of the urea. The fundus optic examination during the hemodialysis showed a pale aspect of the fundus the pallidity being more pronounced before the dialysis with filiforme arterioles, apparently without content, significant for decreasing of the circulatory debit.     

小分割分次立体定向放射治疗脑转移瘤近期疗效观察

目的观察小分割分次立体定向放射治疗(fractionated stereotatic radiation therapy,FSRT)脑转移瘤的近期疗效.方法15例病人单纯全脑外照射(WBRT组),中间平面剂量20～40Gy/10～20次/2～4周.17例病人接受FSRT(FSRT组),每次分次剂量为2.5～3.0Gy.其中11病人行单纯FSRT,中心总剂量为30～60Gy/1 0～20次/2～4周;6例病人先行WBRT,然后行FSRT,中心总剂量为46～60Gy/5～6周.结果KSP评分增加10分以上者,WBRT组为5 3.3%,FSRT组为82.4%.(P＜0.05).WBRT组有效率(CR PR)为50.0%;FSRT组有效率(CR PR)为80.0%.中位生存率:WBRT组为3.5月,FSRT组为10.0月.结论FSRT能有效地控制脑转移瘤,减轻神经系统症状,提高生存质量,延长病人生存期,而没有增加副作用,值得临床推广应用.