外伤性脾破裂切脾后及脾组织移植术后免疫功能观察分析

1952～1987年收治158例腹部闭合性损伤单纯脾破裂患者,其中全脾切除135例;脾切除并自体脾组织移植21例,脾破裂缝合修补2例。治愈率为98.1%,死亡率为1.9%。脾移植组及缝合修补组无1例死亡。92例获得免疫功能检验随访观察半年至35年,发现成人切脾后细胞免疫及体液免疫功能无明显影响,也未见脾切除后严重感染发生。认为成人除脾破裂表浅和局限易于修复或部分切除者外,均应行脾切除术,且无需行自体脾组织移植。小儿在脾切除后应行自体脾移植。     

The liver first pass effects and bile concentrations of (-)-, (+)- and (+/-)-praziquantel in rabbits

Praziquantel (PQT) is a racemic mixture. Intragastric gavage of (-)-, (+)- and (+/-)-PQT 100 mg/kg were used to study the liver first pass effects in rabbits. HPLC was used to determine the concentration of each compound in the portal and systemic circulation, and in the bile within 4h. The results showed that all drugs were absorbed rapidly from the gut into the portal vein. The serum concentration in the portal vein were similar. However, over 90% of PQT and its enantiomers were extracted in the first passage through the liver. Intrinsic metabolic clearances of the liver of (-)-, (+)- and (+/-)-PQT were 50.3, 174.4 and 52.6 L/h, respectively. The serum concentrations of the three drugs markedly decreased in the systemic circulation, especially that of (+)-PQT. The AUC of (+)-PQT was apparently lower than that of (-)- or (+/-)-PQT. From these results, it is assumed that the first pass effects of PQT and its enantiomers in the liver are pronounced and most likely stereoselective. Also, unchanged PQT and its enantiomers were found in the bile of the rabbits.     

Changes in brain gene expression shared by scrapie and Alzheimer disease.

We have isolated two recombinant cDNAs whose corresponding RNAs have an increased abundance in scrapie-infected hamster brain. DNA sequence analysis has shown that these two recombinants represent the genes for sulfated glycoprotein 2 and transferrin. The abundance of sulfated glycoprotein 2 RNA is increased in hippocampus from patients with Alzheimer disease and Pick disease, whereas transferrin RNA is not strongly modulated in these conditions. Expression of two previously identified scrapie-modulated genes, encoding glial fibrillary acidic protein and metallothionein, is also increased in both of these neurodegenerative diseases.     

输精管结扎干扰前列腺增生过程的机制探讨——精浆睾酮双氢睾酮的放射免疫测定

本文应用放射免疫测定的方法检测了13例输精管结扎后(平均15.3年,平均年龄50岁)的男性精浆双氢睾酮和睾酮的浓度,另取同年龄组男性13例作为对照。结果表明,精浆睾酮在结扎组(374.54p/ml)和正常对照组(315.64Pg/ml)中没有明显差异,而结扎组精浆中双氢睾酮(46.21pg/ml)却明显低子对照组(184.27pg/ml(p<0.01)。作者认为,输精管结扎对精浆DHT有长期影响,这可能是其对前列腺增生过程产生抑制作用的原因之一。     

慢性心力衰竭病人的临床分析

慢性心力衰竭（CHF）目前是老年人住院和死亡的主要原因，近几年研究结果显示CHF病人出现的肾功能障碍即心肾综合征发病率高，预后差，狭义的心肾综合征特指CHF引起的进行性肾功能损害，并导致肾功能不全，我们回顾性分析我院收治的100例CHF住院病人，着重探讨CHF程度与肾功能不全的发生率及其与住院的时间的关系。现将其临床分析介绍如下。     

人血清载脂蛋白AI免疫圆周扩散测定法的研究

介绍一种人血清apoAⅠ免疫圆周扩散测定法。用纯化人apoAⅠ免疫山羊制备抗血清。制成0.8％琼?糖抗体凝胶板,点样5μl,25℃扩散48h测量结果。方法简便可靠,特异性、重复性好,无需特殊仪器。最小检测量125ng, 测定范围27.5～220.0mg/dl,板内及板间重复的变异系数分别为2.2～4.8％和6.3％,样品回收率98.9～110.0％,测得血脂正常的成年人血清apoAⅠ含量为男120.8±17.6mg/dl(n=40),女123.6±15.9mg/dl(n=19)。     

使用自制Ralph刀切光镜用的高质量半薄切片及染色

在1981年,我们设计了BD—8102组织切片刀制刀机。该机能制出宽为25mm及38mm的高质量玻璃刀(Ralph)。借助一个简单刀架把Ralph刀装配到普通切片机上,就可切出用塑料或石蜡包埋的组织大切片。用这种方法可得到光镜用的高质量半薄切片。并报告近几年来用该刀切片和染片技术的体会。     

沙棘汁对致癌物N-二甲基亚硝胺(NDMA)在大鼠体内合成及诱癌的阻断与防护作用

在饲料中加入氨基比林和NaNO_2各2g/kg饲与Wistar大鼠38周后诱发出肝、肺及肾脏肿瘤,其中以肝肿瘤的发生率为100％(17/17),大鼠平均寿命195天。而同时给予沙棘汁饮用的大鼠其肿瘤发生较晚,发癌率较低(88％,15/17),平均寿命270天,显著长于对照组和单纯抗坏血酸组(P<0.01),且肝脏癌变范围较小,病变较轻。结果表明,沙棘汁能有效地阻断N-亚硝基化合物在大鼠体内合成及诱癌,其防癌效果优于等量的抗坏血酸。