Case of coincident severe acne and psoriasis in AIDS patient successfully treated with antiretroviral therapy

Cutaneous disorders remain a major problem in HIV‐infected patients, even under antiretroviral therapy (ART). Patients at any stage of HIV/AIDS may suffer from skin lesions. Acnes and psoriasis are both common chronic and inflammatory skin diseases, and the treatment becomes more challenging and complex when combined with HIV infection. Whether the incidence and severity of acne and psoriasis are related to HIV infection is still controversial. Here, we report a rare case of an AIDS patient who developed severe acne along with psoriasis. The patient had initially received multiple systemic and topical antipsoriatic and anti‐acne treatments which failed. Ultimately, he achieved dramatic clinical improvement after initiation of ART for main treatment. An 8‐year follow up demonstrated that the patient has been free of symptoms of both psoriasis and acne till now.     

Stathmin and phospho-stathmin protein signature is associated with survival outcomes of breast cancer patients

Currently, Stathmin1 (STMN1) and phospho-STMN1 levels in breast cancers and their clinical implications are unknown. We examined the expression of STMN1 and its serine phospho-site (Ser16, Ser25, Ser38, and Ser63) status by immunohistochemistry. Using Cox regression analysis, a STMN1 expression signature and phosphorylation profile plus clinicopathological characteristics (STMN1-E/P/C) was developed in the training set (n = 204) and applied to the validation set (n = 106). This tool enabled us to separate breast cancer patients into high- and low-risk groups with significantly different disease-free survival (DFS) rates (P < 0.001). Importantly, this STMN1-E/P/C model had a greater prognostic value than the traditional TNM classifier, especially in luminal subtype breast cancer (P = 0.002). Further analysis showed that patients in the low-risk group would benefit more from adjuvant paclitaxel-based chemotherapy (P = 0.002). In conclusion, the STMN1-E/P/C signature is a reliable prognostic indicator for luminal subtype breast cancer and may predict the therapeutic response to paclitaxel-based treatments, potentially facilitating individualized management.     

血清反应因子经组蛋白乙酰化促进大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞向平滑肌细胞分化

目的 探讨血清反应因子(serum response factor,SRF)在大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)分化为膀胱平滑肌细胞(smooth muscle cells,SMCs)中的作用和机制.方法 贴壁法分离4周龄雌性SD大鼠的骨髓MSCs与膀胱SMCs,通过Transwell小室共培养诱导MSCs分化.收集MSCs,根据共培养不同时间点进行分组,通过实时荧光定量PCR和免疫荧光法检测共培养SRF MSCs中SMCs标志基因表达;通过染色质免疫共沉淀(chromatin immunoprecipitation assay,ChIP)定量PCR技术检测SMCs相关基因启动子区组蛋白乙酰化修饰、组蛋白去乙酰化酶(histone deacetylase,HDAC)和SRF的富集.丁酸钠(sodium butyrate,NaB)预处理MSCs后与SMCs共培养,实验分为正常共培养对照组和NaB预处理干预组,ChIP-qPCR对比两组间组蛋白修饰和SRF富集情况.结果 共培养MSCs中,α-SMA、Calponin和SM-MHC基因表达量增加,在这些基因启动子区H3K9ace,H3ace和H4ace富集量增加(P＜0.05),同时MSCs中HDAC1和HDAC2降低(P＜0.05).与对照组相比,NaB干预组SRF、H3K9ace和H4ace富集量增加(P＜0.05).结论 SRF可能在HDAC1和HDAC2调节下通过结合H3K9ace和H4ace控制SMCs标志基因表达,从而促进MSCs向SMCs的分化.     

Effects of Crede's method on urine voiding within the first 8 h after surgery among post‐haemorrhoidectomy patients: a comparison study

Urinary retention is a common complication among patients after haemorrhoidectomy. Although Crede's method is recommended for urinary retention in nursing practice textbooks, its effects require further examination. The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of urine voiding within the first 8 h following haemorrhoidectomy and to examine the effects of Crede's method on this postoperative outcome. A two‐group comparison study was conducted. All participants were over 20 years of age, and each had undergone haemorrhoidectomy. Outcome measurements included patients' self‐reported urine voiding within 8 h of surgery, personal demographics and disease‐related data. Before the surgical procedure, participants were divided into Crede's group and non‐Crede's group, and written educational materials were given. Patients in the Crede's group were taught Crede's method for application in the event that they were unable to void urine after haemorrhoidectomy. The non‐Crede's group patients were taught traditional methods without Crede's method. We examined urine voiding within the first 8 h after haemorrhoidectomy. The mean rate of urine voiding within 8 h of surgery was 60·9% overall, with 91·3% (21/23) in the Crede's group and 30·4% (7/23) in the non‐Crede's group reporting successful voiding. After controlling for the two groups' personal characteristics and disease‐related variables, age, educational level and perioperative fluid administration were treated as covariates and included in the multinomial logistic regression model. The odds ratio of urine voiding within the first 8 h after surgery was 52·70‐fold higher in the Crede's group than in the non‐Crede's group (p < 0·01). This study shows that Crede's method is an effective strategy to aid in urine voiding within the first eight postsurgical hours among patients following haemorrhoidectomy. Clear and concise information about urinary retention and related management strategies should be given to patients before haemorrhoidectomy.     

Implement of an adjustable quilt supporting frame in nursing of skin diseases

目的 避免被褥直接压迫和接触皮肤病患者伤口,防止皮肤伤口的渗血、渗液污染床褥.方法 将100例皮肤科患者随机分为常规组与床褥架组各50例.常规组采用常规护理；床褥架组选用空心小园柱不锈钢管为基础材料制作可调式床褥架,根据患者的体型和伤口部位调节床褥架宽度后骑跨在患者伤口上,避免床褥和伤口的直接接触.结果 对照组在住院第1周更换被套共296例次,床褥架组共82例次；对照组患者舒适度为76.0％,床褥架组为92.0％,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).护士对床褥架使用的满意度为100％.结论 可调式床褥架使用方便,可避免被褥直接压迫和接触皮肤科患者伤口,增加患者舒适度,减少护理工作量.     

Computer-Based Identification of Type 2 Diabetic Subjects with and Without Neuropathy Using Dynamic Planter Pressure and Principal Component Analysis

Diabetes is a chronic disease that is characterized by an increased blood glucose level due to insulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes is common in middle aged and old people. In this work, we present a technique to analyze dynamic foot pressures images and classify them into normal, diabetes type 2 with and without neuropathy classes. Plantar pressure images were obtained using the F-Scan (Tekscan, USA) in-shoe measurement system. We used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and extracted the eigenvalues from different regions of the foot image. The features extracted from region 1 of the foot pressure image, which were found to be clinically significant, were fed into the Fuzzy classifier (Sugeno model) for automatic classification. Our results show that the proposed method is able to identify the unknown class with an accuracy of 93.7%, sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 83.3%. Moreover, in this work, we have proposed an integrated index using the eigenvalues to differentiate the normal subjects from diabetes with and without neuropathy subjects using just one number. This index will help the clinicians in easy and objective daily screening, and it can also be used as an adjunct tool to cross check their diagnosis.     

Statistics for Risk Assessment of Chemical Carcinogens∗

Risk assessment is a scientific process of evaluation of potential health risks of chemical exposures to humans from available information. It involves analysis of the relationship between exposure and health related outcomes to derive an allowable exposure level. Because of lack of human exposure data, the major source of information for studying potential health effects of chemicals on humans is generally obtained from animal dose response experiments. Animal data are often evaluated in two aspects via statistical analysis: qualitative testing and quantitative estimation. The qualitative testing is to determine if the chemical causes an adverse health effect, i.e., if there is a statistically significant difference between treated and control animals. Quantitative estimation involves fitting a dose-response model to derive an allowable exposure level for humans. This paper reviews statistical principles and procedures for qualitative and quantitative approaches to human risk assessment.     

早产儿呼吸暂停早期护理措施

早产儿呼吸暂停是早产儿常见的临床症状之一,如果没有及时发现或反复发生会导致早产儿脑损伤或猝死。应当给予重视,做到早预防、早发现,采取相应的护理措施将呼吸暂停发生率降至最低,提高早产儿的存活率,减少患儿痛苦,避免产生后遗症。     

高弹力无纺布衬垫在气压止血带中的应用效果

目的 探讨高弹力无纺布衬垫在气压止血带应用中的临床效果.方法 取80例四肢骨折患者,将其随机分为两组.对照组用普通绷带做气压止血带的衬垫;实验组则直接在肢体上套一层高弹力无纺布衬垫,然后环绕气压止血带;比较两组临床应用效果.结果 总有效率实验组为97.5％,对照组为90.0％;医生对手术中止血效果及衬垫满意率实验组为95.0％,对照组为85.0％;皮肤反应发生率实验组为2.5％,对照组为10.0％;两组比较,均P＜ 0.05,差异均具有统计学意义.结论 四肢手术中气压止血带使用率较高,高弹力无纺布衬垫比普通绷带衬垫效果好,具有无压痕、无皱折、不滑脱、不松动、高弹力等优点,值得推广使用.     

狼毒大戟中松香烷型二萜内酯的抗肿瘤活性研究

摘 要 目的： 对狼毒大戟中松香烷型二萜内酯类化学成分进行分离和结构鉴定,将得到的单体化合物与6种不同的人肿瘤细胞株相互作用探讨其抗肿瘤活性。方法: 通过硅胶、ODS等柱色谱与1D、2D-NMR波谱学测试技术结合,从狼毒大戟中分离并确定4个松香烷型二萜内酯类化合物：jolkinolide A (1)、jolkinolide B (2)、17 hydroxyjolkinolide A (3)、17-hydroxyjolkinolide B (4)。采用噻唑蓝比色法（MTT法）分别测定其与6种人肿瘤细胞株：肝癌HepG-2、乳腺癌MCF-7、胃癌SGC 7901、胃癌BGC-823、胃癌MGC-803、宫颈癌Hela相互作用结果,并计算抑制率与半抑制率(IC₅₀)。结果: 化合物2对肝癌HepG-2、乳腺癌MCF-7、宫颈癌Hela细胞的增殖有显著得抑制作用IC₅₀均＜25 μmol·L^-1,化合物4对乳腺癌MCF 7细胞的增殖有显著抑制作用IC₅₀＜30 μmol·L^-1。结论: 狼毒大戟中松香烷型二萜内酯类化合物具有显著的抗肿瘤活性。