昆虫色氨酸羟化酶的研究进展

色氨酸羟化酶（tryptophan hydroxylase、TPH）为5-羟色胺（5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT）合成的限速酶，具有专一性，在组织中含量较低，且具有不稳定性。TPH的活性是5-HT合成的唯一前提，因此它可以作为5-HT能神经元的特异标志，也可以作为5-HT能神经元的一个分化特征。它的存在，住区分神经细胞特征方面比5-HT本身的含苗更有价值。因而近年来TPH迅速成为国际研究的热点和难点之一。本文主要就TPH在昆虫中的存在形式、调节机制及进化地位等方面已取得的研究进展作一简述。     

Elimination of malignant clonogenic cells from human bone marrow using multiple myeloid cell-specific monoclonal antibodies and complement.

Single or combined monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) Zh53, Zh820, and Zh2-1 have been used to eliminate malignant clonogenic cells from human bone marrow. The test of cytotoxicity showed that all of these McAbs could express high specific cytotoxic action against HL-60 cells and were selectively complement-dependent cytotoxic to various types of fresh leukemic cells. Clonogenic assay detected that single treatment with antibody and rabbit complement (RC) could reduce clonogenic units of HL-60 cells by more than 2 logs and two treatments reduced clonogenic units by more than 4 logs. However, combination of 2 McAbs could reduce clonogenic units by 4-5 logs. The data suggest that multiple treatments with McAbs and RC or a combination of 2 McAbs are more effective than a single treatment in eliminating clonogenic tumor cells. Treatment of normal human bone marrow with Zh53, Zh2-1 and RC did not produce a loss of normal CFU-GM, but treatment with Zh820 reduced the clonic units of normal CFU-GM by 24%.

     

Studies on Toxicity of Nitroquine-Dapsone Compound and Therapeutic Effects of Folic or Folinic Acid on Toxicated Animals

The toxic effects of nitroquine-dapsone compound(NQD)in mice and dogs were studied.The therapeutic index of NQDin mice is 1911,the greatest among the 6 antimalarials tested.Thetoxic effects of NQD(50 mg/kg/day for 3 days per os)and nitro-quine in dogs were manifested by injuries on the adrenal cortexand intestinal epithelium.When folic acid(4 mg/kg/day for 4 days)or calcium leucovorinum(0.3 mg/kg/day for 4 days)were usedconcomitantly with NQD,the death rate and the incidence of dia-rrhea in the toxicated dogs were greatly reduced,the injury on theintestinal epithelium was much milder,and the goblet cells weremuch more numerous than those without treatment.The results suggestthat folic acid and calcium leucovorinum can protect the undifferen-tiated cells in the intestinal crypts from being injured by NQD.     

浅谈医院人性化管理

文章从医院人性化管理的定义,僵硬制度化管理的弊端,医院人性化管理的作用,怎样人性化管理职工和患者,阐明了如何实现医院人性化管理的问题。     

3种雾化吸入法治疗支气管哮喘的比较

近年来,随着环境的污染及病毒感染的蔓延,支气管哮喘将是21世纪影响人类健康的大敌.为探求治疗支气管哮喘的新疗法,比较3种雾化吸入法对支气管哮喘的治疗效果,寻找一种最安全、最有效、最可靠的治疗方法.……     

NEUROTROPIN IMMUNOSTIMULATING ACTION ON IMMUNOCOMPETENT CELLS

Neurotropin (NSP) is an extract isolated from the skin of rabbits inoculated with vaccinia virus. The present study examines the possible action of NSP on the number and function of immunocompe tent cells in mice. The experiment showed that NSP had no effect on both T and B lymphocytes of nor- malimmunized mouse spleen. The degree of plaque forming cell reaction and titre of specific antibody showed no significant differences when the NSP treated group and controls were compared. How- ever, NSP exhibited promotive effect on specific antigen binding cells in the early stage of immune responses. It was also noted that the rosette forming capacity of human T lymphocytes in vitro was restor- ed markedly by NSP. These results suggest that NSP possesses certain immunostimulating activity, particularly on the specific antigen binding cells and human T lymphocytes.     

Computational modeling to predict effect of treatment schedule on drug delivery to prostate in humans.

PURPOSE: To evaluate a computational approach that incorporates experimental data in preclinical models to depict doxorubicin human tissue pharmacokinetics. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Beagle dogs were given 2 mg/kg doxorubicin as i.v. bolus, 4-h infusion, or 96-h infusion. Concentrations in plasma, prostate (target tissue), heart (toxicity), and major tissues for disposition were determined and modeled. Model parameters were obtained after the bolus injection with model validation based on the 4-h and 96-h infusion data. Clinical pharmacokinetic data and scale-up gave doxorubicin profiles in human prostate and heart. RESULTS: In agreement with in vitro results, tissues were best modeled with two compartments, one rapidly and one slowly equilibrating. The developed tissue distribution model predicted concentrations for all three administration regimens well, with an average deviation of 34% (median, 29%). Interspecies scale-up to humans showed that the change from a bolus injection to a slow, 96-h infusion (a) had different effects on the drug partition and accumulation in heart and prostate, and (b) lowered the peak concentration in the plasma by approximately 100-fold but had relatively little effect on maximal heart concentration ( approximately 33% lower). The simulated drug exposure in a human prostate was above the exposure required to inhibit tumor proliferation but was 30 to 50 times below that needed for cell death. CONCLUSION: The present study shows a computation-based paradigm for translating in vitro and in vivo preclinical data and to estimate and compare the drug delivery and pharmacokinetics in target tissues after different treatment schedules.     

儿童频繁瞬目征的病因及综合治疗

[目的]探讨儿童频繁瞬目征的发病原因及其治疗措施。[方法]随机抽取148例门诊频繁瞬目征患儿，对其生活习惯、眼部情况进行详细询问并进行病因分析及综合治疗。[结果]通过克服不良生活习惯、去除谤因、调节心理和综合治疗措施，148例频繁瞬目征惠患儿经2周～5周的治疗，115例患儿治愈，28例好转，5例无效。[结论]频繁瞬目征与玩电脑、看电视及偏食有一定关系，针对性综合治疗可获得较满意的疗效。     

三维立体培养法诱导去分化软骨细胞Ⅱ型胶原的重新表达

目的用藻酸盐三维立体培养法及离心管聚集体诱导培养法促进去分化的永生化软骨细胞第50代(IHACs50)重新表达软骨细胞的Ⅱ型胶原标志性表型。方法利用藻酸盐三维立体培养法以及离心管聚集体诱导培养法分别诱导培养去分化的永生化人关节软骨细胞第50代,然后用Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型胶原的免疫组织化学染色、Ⅱ型胶原的逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测、激光共聚焦显微镜检测、胶原定量检测该永生化软骨细胞的Ⅱ型胶原表型表达情况。结果免疫组织化学染色、激光共聚焦显微镜检测、RT-PCR检测分别提示藻酸盐三维立体培养法和离心管聚集体诱导培养法使去分化永生化人关节软骨细胞的Ⅱ型胶原染色阳性以及621 bp的Ⅱ型胶原mR- NA表达,Western blot和3H-脯氨酸标记SDS-PAGEⅡ型胶原定量检测发现前者促进Ⅱ型胶原分泌较后者多。结论去分化永生化人关节软骨细胞可以经不同的诱导方法而重新表达Ⅱ型胶原表型,藻酸盐三维立体培养法因与软骨细胞的生理环境相似,故促进Ⅱ型胶原重新表达较多。     

人工桡骨小头置换治疗成人Mason III型骨折7例初步报告

[目的]分析讨论桡骨小头假体置换治疗MasonⅢ型骨折的临床疗效。[方法]采用双极桡骨小头假体对7例成人MasonⅢ型骨折患者进行了手术治疗。[结果]随访6-11个月，按照Morrey和Broberg的肘部功能评分标准进行评定，总的优良率达83％。[结论]桡骨小头假体置换对成人MasonⅢ型骨折的治疗非常适合。