高温致神经管畸形动物模型的建立及其形态发生的研究

将妊娠第８ｄ的金黄地鼠腹部置４２℃水浴２０ｍｉｎ，建立了一个致畸率高、致死率低、效果稳定、操作简便的高温致畸动物模型，并在此模型上，探讨了高温致ＮＴＤ的形态发生机理。结果表明：高温有明显的胚胎毒和致畸作用，且与高温值和持续时间明显相关。     

Substance P potentiates 5-HT3 receptor-mediated current in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons

The present study aimed to investigate the interaction between the coexistent SP receptor and 5-HT3 receptor in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons using whole-cell patch clamp technique. The majority of the neurons examined responded to 5-HT with an inward current (I5-HT) (78.2%, 79/101) that could be blocked by 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, ICS-205,930. The I5-HT was potentiated by preapplication of SP (10(-10) to 10(-8) M) in most 5-HT-sensitive cells(78.5%, 62/79). Coapplication of SP and GR-82334, antagonist of NK1 receptor, had no enhancing effect on I5-HT. The concentration-response curves for 5-HT with and without SP preapplication show that: (1) the threshold 5-HT concentrations with and without SP preapplication are basically the same, while SP preapplication increased the maximal value of I5-HT by 38.0% of its control; (2) the EC50 values of the curves with and without SP pretreatment are very close, i.e. 1.89 x 10(-5) M and 2.08 x 10(-5) M (P > 0.1; n = 9), respectively. Intracellular dialysis of GDP-beta-S, a non-hydrolyzable GDP analog, and GF-109203X, a selective protein kinase C inhibitor, removed the SP potentiation of I5-HT. These results may offer a clue to understanding the mechanism underlying the generation and/or regulation of peripheral pain caused by tissue damage inflammation, etc.     

Evaluation and Validation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and an Immunochromatographic Test for Serological Diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

A newly developed severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was further validated to confirm cutoff values and evaluate its diagnostic performance with clinical samples. In parallel, an immunochromatographic test was also evaluated. A total of 227 clinical serum specimens collected from SARS patients were used in the study, together with 385 samples from healthy donors. By use of an immunofluorescent (IF) test as the “gold standard, ” both the ELISA and the immunochromatographic test were able to detect immunoglobulin G antibodies to SARS not only from late-convalescent-stage samples (>21 days from the onset of clinical symptoms), as previously established, but also from early-acute-phase samples (1 to 10 days from onset). The ELISA, using an optical density (OD) of 0.25 as its cutoff value, produced the best sensitivity while maintaining high specificity. It detected SARS-specific antibodies in 58, 70, 75, and 95%, respectively, of the four groups of samples collected from patients 1 to 10 days, 11 to 20 days, 21 to 30 days, and more than 30 days after the onset of clinical symptoms. Similarly, the immunochromatographic test detected SARS-specific antibodies in 55, 68, 81, and 79% of the four groups, respectively. The overall specificities for the ELISA and the rapid test were 99.5 and 97.7%, respectively. Although the positive correlation observed between the ELISA OD values and the IF titers was moderate (r = 0.6915; P < 0.001), the detection rates of both the ELISA and the rapid test were found well in agreement with the IF titers.     

大鼠肝内移植肿瘤与肥大细胞关系的形态学研究

目的：研究大鼠肝内移植肿瘤与其周边肥大细胞的关系。方法：建立40只雄性Wistar大鼠肝内移植肿瘤模型，运用HE染色，肥大细胞（mast cell，MC）Alcian blue特殊染色，苦味酸-天狼猩红染色和电镜等技术，观察移植肿瘤肝组织的形态学改变，肿瘤周边浸润MC的数量以及MC与肿瘤组织的关系，8只正常大鼠为对照组。结果：肿瘤组织周边部分肝细胞形态学异常；肝组织内胶原纤维增生，主要为Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原，并包绕肿瘤组织，肿瘤周边MC浸润，并沿胶原纤维分布，不同大鼠其肿瘤周边MC数量不一，有的差异明显。超微结构观察显示MC通过多个接触点与肿瘤细胞紧密相连，并释放胞质颗粒内容物，导致肿瘤细胞崩解。结论：MC与肿瘤组织有着非常密切的关系，MC可能通过多种途径直接和间接地发挥抗肿瘤作用。     

105例酒依赖患者临床特征与MMPI测试结果分析

目的：探讨酒依赖病人的人格特征，以及临床表现与人格特征关系。方法：运用明尼苏达多项个性调查有（MMPI）测查我中心住院的105例酒依赖病人并进行对照分析。结果：与正常人相比，酒依赖病人量表分数存在显著性差异。年龄以35岁为界的两组病人在Hs、D、Hy、Pd量表存在显著性差异。有或无精神病性症状的两组病人在L、F、K、Hs、Hy、Pd、Pa、Sc、Pt、Ma、Si量表存在显著性的差异。结论：低年龄段或伴有精神病性症状的患者具有显著的人格偏离。     

辅酶Q10对兔膈肌疲劳的作用

实验以膈肌肌电图（ＥＭＧｄｉ）及膈肌诱发电位为指标，观察辅助酶Ｑ１０对兔膈肌作用，发现：（１）复制膈肌疲劳（ＤＩＦ）后静脉注射ＣｏＱ１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，对ＤＩＦ有治疗作用，（２）提前１静脉注射ＣｏＱ１０１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ预处理，对电致作膈肌有保护作用。     

非病毒载体聚乙烯亚胺介导DNA转染的研究

目的研究新型非病毒类载体聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)的最适转染条件。方法分析各种因素对25 ku线性PEI转染效率的影响,优化实验条件。结果PEI与DNA的质量比≥2能保证DNA与PEI完全结合,最佳混合时间为10 min,但血清的存在将降低其结合效率。在一定范围内提高PEI与DNA的质量比有利于提高转染效率。293T细胞最适转染密度为培养面积的80%。结论确定了PEI转染细胞的最优条件。     

1 MHz腔内射频加热辐射器在体模和犬颈段食管中的热场分布

目的 在肌肉等效体模及Beagle犬颈段食管中测定ZRL—Ⅱ型食管腔内加热辐射器的温度分布，探讨其热场分布能否满足食管癌加热治疗的临床需要。方法 ①在肌肉等效体模中测定ZRL—Ⅱ型食管腔内射频加热辐射器的温度分布，②Beagle犬用氯胺酮麻醉、固定。将腔内加热辐射器插入食管腔内，加热45min后分层解剖犬的颈部，同时测量食管外壁、气管、食管周围软组织中的温度。结果 ①在肌肉等效体模中距离导管囊表面1cm的环形体内的温度在43．2℃～43．6℃之间；在距离导管囊表面2cm的环形体内的温度在42．6℃～43．3℃之间，在距离导管囊表面3cm的环形体内的温度在42．6℃～42．8℃之间。②测得Beagle犬颈段食管腔内和外壁的温度为43．5℃，气管内为38．0℃，主动脉旁38．0℃，距食管外壁1cm处的软组织温度为40-3℃，距食管外壁2cm处的软组织温度为39．0℃，而颈部皮下的温度是37．5℃。结论 ①ZRL-Ⅱ型射频食管腔内加热辐射器的热场分布满足临床食管腔内加热的需要，②体模测定与活体动物测定，热场分布存在一定差异，需进一步研究。     

基于球形标记的多模态医学体配准

本文提出在医学多模态数据集 (尤其是 MRI和 CT)中基于球形人造标记的体配准过程。此过程或是半自动或是全自动完成的。半自动方法要求数据集中标出球形标记的近似点位置 ,再自动进行配准。全自动方法不需要用户的任何交互操作 ,即所有配准子任务 (球体的分割、寻找两组球体的对应关系、最后把第一套球体映射成第二套球体的几何变换的计算 )能由计算机自动执行。在全自动配准中 ,积聚器算法和迭代最近点算法的结合证明是一种有效的和鲁棒性好的点匹配方法