视觉听觉同时刺激模式下ERP的同步性研究

目的：研究视觉、听觉脑区在认知过程中的同步性。方法：设计了视觉、听觉同时刺激模式下的脑电实验，采用128道高密度脑电采集系统，记录了14位年龄在18～29岁之间的在校男性大学生的诱发脑电信号数据，并运用希尔伯特(Hilbert)相位同步算法对视觉、听觉区域的事件相关电位(ERP)进行同步量化。结果：在视听觉同时利用模式下，视觉脑区(枕叶)和听觉脑区(颞叶)之间的同步指数明显大于它们与其他脑区间的同步指数。结论：人在感知和认知事物时，相关的脑区间自动产生了神经活动的同步化。     

抗SARS-CoV病毒N蛋白的单链抗体(scFv)筛选

目的筛选出抗SARS-CoV病毒N蛋白的单链抗体。方法利用原核表达所获得的SARS病毒N蛋白,筛选人源单链抗体噬菌体展示库,经特异性的检测,以期得到抗SARS-CoV病毒N蛋白的特异单链抗体。结果获得了8个抗SARS病毒N蛋白的候选克隆。经测序,获得了编码抗体可变区的基因序列,并进行了原核表达。结论筛选得到的抗SARS-CoV病毒N蛋白单链抗体具有高度的特异性,可以用作临床实验或研究SARS病毒过程中快速检测SARSN蛋白或SARS病毒粒子的候选抗体。     

Epithelioid variant of gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration

Epithelioid gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) may cause significant diagnostic confusion on fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with carcinomas, neuroendocrine tumors, and melanoma, particularly when metastatic. This study characterizes the cytologic features of nine cases of epithelioid GISTs that were obtained by computerized tomographic guidance in five, by endoscopic ultrasound in three, and from an excised liver tumor in one. Six cases presented as liver masses, one as a perisplenic mass, one as an abdominal mass, and one as a gastric mass. The aspirates revealed mainly single or small clusters of epithelioid cells with a moderate amount of granular to clear cytoplasm, small uniform nuclei with mild to marked nuclear envelope irregularities. Binucleation and intranuclear inclusions were frequent findings. Collagenous stroma was seen in most cases. In three cases, a neuroendocrine tumor was the initial diagnosis. Immunocytochemical staining for c-kit (CD117) was performed on cellblocks in six cases and was positive in five cases. On the subsequent surgical specimen, CD117 was positive in the c-kit-negative cytology case. The diagnosis of GIST should be considered in aspirates of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, mesentery, or abdominal wall mass lesions when epithelioid cells are the predominant cell type. Ancillary studies such as immunohistochemical stains are usually helpful in making a definitive diagnosis.     

硫酸软骨素酶ABC对大鼠脊髓损伤修复的影响

为了探讨硫酸软骨素酶ABC对脊髓损伤后损伤局部瘢痕形成和脊髓传导功能修复的影响,本研究首先制作大鼠脊髓全横断损伤动物模型,并将其分为脊髓损伤组(A组)和脊髓损伤治疗组(B组)。在观察期内对动物的行为学表现进行BBB评分;用免疫荧光组织化学方法观察损伤4周后硫酸软骨素酶ABC对损伤局部的硫酸软骨素蛋白聚糖(CSPGs)的裂解作用;用辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)示踪法观察损伤8周后神经纤维的再生情况。结果显示:A组与B组之间动物的行为学评分B组优于A组,有显著性差异(P<0.01);B组动物脊髓内硫酸软骨素蛋白聚糖阳性物质的表达明显低于A组,具有显著性差异(P<0.05),而硫酸软骨素核心蛋白的表达无显著性差异(P>0.05);HRP示踪法显示B组脊髓损伤头端可见少量HRP标记的神经元胞体和纤维。本研究结果提示硫酸软骨素酶ABC能够裂解CSPGs中的葡胺聚糖链,减少瘢痕,促进损伤的神经纤维再生。     

全喉切除术后食管语康复实践

目的总结喉全切除术食管发声训练和效果。方法对我院自1998年6月～2003年6月的59例喉癌、下咽癌全喉切除术后患者,进行食管发声康复训练。结果53例(89.8%)获得不同程度的发声功能,46例无喉者的言语水平接近正常喉言语水平,他们的最大发音时程较长、听距较远,言语可懂度高,较流利;7例发音效果差,但言语可懂度仍高;不能发声者仅6例。结论与其它发声重建相比,食管发声能很快学会发基本音,并具有发声成功率高、发声质量良好等优点。     

噬菌体治疗实验性小鼠耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌感染的研究

目的探讨噬菌体治疗耐药性铜绿假单胞菌感染的疗效.方法以BALB/c小鼠为实验动物,建立耐药性铜绿假单胞菌全身感染模型,应用体外试验所筛选的宽噬噬菌体进行治疗.结果噬菌体在感染复数（multiple of infection,MOI）≥0.01时能有效杀灭铜绿假单胞菌,显著提高小鼠生存率.延迟治疗3 h仍有40%的生存率.结论通过对小鼠生存率、噬菌体在体内分布及机体对噬菌体的免疫反应等指标的观察分析,噬菌体制剂简捷高效,对机体正常组织无毒副作用,从而为临床治疗全身或局部铜绿假单胞菌感染提供了新途径.     

正视眼角膜表面形态和屈光力分析

目的：为探讨正视眼角膜表面形态和屈光力。方法：８３只正视眼用ＴｏｍｅｙＴＭＳ－２ＴＭ型角膜地形图检查角膜表面形态和屈光力。结果：①绝对等级全角膜有２～５种颜色，屈光力有轻微的变化；②角膜中央屈光力为４３．８５４±１．３２１Ｄ，Ｓｉｍｋ值为４４．１４２±１．３４２Ｄ，平均屈光力（ＡＣＰ）为４３．００７±１．４７３Ｄ，角膜表面规则系数（ＳＲＩ）为０．２４１±０．２１３，角膜表面不对称系数（ＳＡＩ）为０．３２１±０．１３０，不规则散光指数（ＩＡＩ）为０．３５７±０．００６。结论：本文检查的国人正视眼角膜表面形态和屈光力数值，可为屈光性角膜手术提供解剖依据。     

RNA干扰抑制Nogo-A基因表达及对PC12细胞凋亡的影响

为研究Nogo-A基因沉默对细胞凋亡的影响,本文构建了靶向Nogo-A的短发夹样RNA(short hairpin RNA,shRNA)真核表达载体并经脂质体转染到培养的PC12细胞。分别以逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和免疫印迹法检测转染48h后Nogo-A mRNA及蛋白表达的变化。在转染后不同时间应用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法检测细胞增殖活性,用原位末端标记(TUNEL)法及流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率。结果显示:由shRNA产生的小干扰RNA(siRNA)可有效抑制PC12细胞Nogo-A基因的表达。Nogo-A siRNA处理组细胞的增殖活性增加、凋亡率明显下降。本结果提示,Nogo-A基因可能与细胞凋亡有关。     

胎儿泌尿系畸形介入性产前诊断

目的探讨胎儿泌尿系畸形的发生与染色体异常、宫内感染的关系.方法在超声介导下对56例泌尿系畸形胎儿抽取脐带血行染色体核型分析,同时采用多聚酶联反应 (polymerase chain reaction,PCR)方法检测TORCH宫内感染.结果①5例胎儿染色体异常,染色体异常率为8.93%,除1例异常核型为单纯泌尿系畸形外,其余4例均合并有其他器官异常;②胎儿脐血检测发现巨细胞病毒(cytomegalovirus,CMV)感染5例,风疹病毒(rubella virus,RV)感染2例,弓形体(toxoplasma,TOX)感染2例,单纯疱疹病毒 (herpes simplex virus,HSV)感染2例,宫内TORCH感染发生率为19.64%.结论染色体异常是引起胎儿泌尿系畸形的重要原因之一,对所有泌尿系统畸形胎儿应行染色体核型分析;而某些宫内感染,尤其是CMV感染,可能引发胎儿泌尿系统畸形.     

The COP9 signalosome regulates the Neurospora circadian clock by controlling the stability of the SCFFWD-1 complex

The COP9 signalosome (CSN) promotes the function of SCF-type cullin-based ubiquitin ligase complexes in vivo. Paradoxically, removal of the Nedd8 modification of cullins by CSN inhibits the ubiquitin ligase activity of SCF complexes in vitro. Ubiquitination-mediated degradation of the Neurospora circadian clock protein FREQUENCY (FRQ) is critical for clock function. Ubiquitination of FRQ requires FWD-1, the substrate-recruiting subunit of an SCF complex. Here we show that disruption of a subunit of CSN (csn-2) impairs the degradation of FRQ and compromises its normal circadian expression. A FRQ-independent oscillator drives conidiation in the csn-2 mutant, resulting in a 2-d conidiation rhythm that persists in constant darkness (DD), constant light (LL), light-to-dark (LD) transitions, and temperature cycles. Strikingly, the levels of FWD-1 are drastically reduced in csn-2 mutant, explaining the impaired degradation of FRQ. Reduction of FWD-1 levels in the mutant requires its F-box, suggesting that its degradation is due to autoubiquitination. In addition, SKP-1 and CUL-1 of the SCF(FWD-1) complex are also unstable in the mutant. Therefore, our results establish an important role of CSN in the circadian clock of Neurospora. Our findings also reconcile the CSN paradox and suggest that a major function of CSN is to maintain the stability of SCF ubiquitin ligases in vivo.