酒精依赖动物模型研究的现状和评价

无论是发达国家还是发展中国家,酒精滥用给个体、家庭及群体的身体、心理、社会健康均带来极其不良的影响[1].     

酒精所致精神障碍137例临床分析

目的 探讨酒精所致精神障碍的临床特点.方法 对137例酒精所致精神障碍患者临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 酒精所致精神障碍的发病率有逐年上升的趋势;酒精所致精神障碍患者以男性、文化程度较低、体力劳动者居多;社会功能受损明显,常伴有躯体疾病;精神障碍以幻视、幻听、被害妄想及行为紊乱为主,常伴有抑郁情绪.结论 酒精既可致精神障碍,也可致躯体损害,而且引发社会问题,应多宣传饮酒的危害,尽早戒酒,加强社会干预.     

浅谈七年制临床医学生如何与基础科研接轨

鉴于七年制临床医学生对基础科研训练的目的、如何在实践中建构自身基础科学平台尚有诸多疑虑,为此文章从临床医学七年制学生自身特点和困惑、基础科研训练的重要性、基础科研阶段的能力发展策略及导师选择方面展开讨论,希望有助于七年制临床医学生与基础科研良性接轨.     

Effects of moxibustion pretreatment on extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling transduction pathway in the gastric tissues of rats with gastric mucosal damage

Objective

To observe the effects of moxibustion pretreatment on the protein expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphorylation extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and activated protein-1 (AP-1), the key factors of extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling transduction pathway in gastric tissue of rats with stress-induced gastric mucosal damage, and to discuss the mechanisms of moxibustion therapy in promoting the restoration of damaged gastric mucosa.

Methods

Thirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, and a moxibustion group using the random digits table, 10 in each group. Except the rats in the normal group, rats in the other two groups were used to make stress-induced gastric mucosal damage model using restraint and cold stress. Before modeling, rats in the moxibustion group were alternately treated with moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36) and Zhongwan (CV 12), or Pishu (BL 20) and Weishu (BL 21), once a day, for a total of 8 d. Histological changes of gastric mucosa were observed under the light microscopy, the expression of gastric tissue p-ERK1/2 was detected by immunohistochemistry assay, and the protein levels of EGFR and AP-1 were measured by Western blots.

Results

Compared with rats in the normal group, gastric mucosal damage was more serious, and protein expressions of gastric tissue EGFR, p-ERK1/2 and AP-1 increased in the model group (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.05). Compared with rats in the model group, gastric mucosal damage was milder, and protein expressions of gastric tissue EGFR, p-ERK1/2 and AP-1 increased in the moxibustion group (all P<0.01).

Conclusion

Moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36), Zhongwan (CV 12), Pishu (BL 20) and Weishu (BL 21) could increase EGFR, p-ERK1/2 and AP-1 expression levels in gastric tissue of stress-induced gastric mucosal damage rats, maintain the information transfer function of ERK signaling transduction pathway, and promote restoration of gastric mucosal damage.

     

精神分裂症患者与正常对照脑功能检查对比研究

目的探讨精神分裂症患者与正常人脑功能检查结果究竟有何不同。方法对符合《国际疾病分类（第10版）》精神分裂症诊断标准的80例患者给予脑功能检查，对同期52例正常对照组也进行脑功能检查，比较两组检查结果，分析两组脑神经递质差异。结果精神分裂症组与正常对照组相比：GABA及Glu递质功率差异有统计学意义（t=－1．991，P=0．049；t=－2．228，P=0．028），Glu递质相对功率差异有统计学意义（t=－2．115，P=0．036），递质总功率差异有统计学意义（t=--2．631，P=0．010）。结论精神分裂症患者Glu递质功率、递质相对功率及总功率均高于正常对照组，提示精神分裂症患者大脑递质功能存在异常。     

《素问·刺志论》篇针灸学术思想浅析

《素问·刺志论》篇讨论了人体常态、反常态,所病原因,以及针刺开阖补泻方法.识别、掌握这些不同情况或方法的“虚、实”,才能正确辨证和治疗.为后世开阖补泻针法的诊断与治疗提供了理论基础,有着普遍和实际的临床意义.     

《黄帝内经·素问》刺腰痛篇针灸学术思想探微

《刺腰痛篇》是《黄帝内经·素问》的重要篇章之一。本篇主要论述了足太阳脉、足少阳脉、足阳明脉、足少阴脉、足厥阴脉、足太阴脉以及奇经八脉等经脉受损后引起的腰痛特点,针对经脉、四季、月相等具体情况,提出了相应的针刺穴位、针刺次数、放血疗法及注意事项,纠正了治疗腰痛单单考虑肝肾的误区,为后世临床与科研提供了更多的理论依据。     

结合实际对西医院校中医学教学现状的思考

中医学作为传统医学，有其自身的特色和优势。目前在西医院校开设中医课程是普通高等医学院校的教学要求之一。笔者结合教学实际对在中医教学过程中出现的一些问题进行分析，以期为随后进行的中医学教学改革提供参考依据。     

论《针灸甲乙经》特定穴的学术价值

《针灸甲乙经》是我国现存最早的一部针灸学专著。其所载理论精要、临床内容丰富．尤其对特定穴的论述,规范了特定穴的位置,补充了新的内容,丰富了特定穴的种类,进一步明确了特定穴的主治范围及其在临床治疗中的运用,为后世医家学习、研究和运用特定穴提供了参考依据,在特定穴理论发展方面具有重要的学术价值,影响深远。     

隔药饼灸对高脂血症合并动脉粥样硬化兔血清TNF-α、INF-γ含量的影响

目的观察隔药饼灸对高脂血症合并动脉粥样硬化兔血清中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、干扰素γ(INF-γ)含量的影响,探讨其抗动脉粥样硬化作用的机制。方法 40只新西兰大耳白兔随机分为5组,每组8只,即正常组、模型组、隔药饼灸组、直接灸组、辛伐他汀组。通过高脂饲料喂养建立高脂血症合并动脉粥样硬化兔模型,待造模成功后,除正常组外,其余四组均予以相应干预,每天1次,连续干预4周后,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定兔血清中TNF-a、IFN-γ。结果与正常组比较,模型组、直接灸组、辛伐他汀组血清TNF-α、IFNγ的含量升高,且差异具有统计学意义(P0.01或P0.05);与模型组相比,直接灸组、辛伐他汀组、隔药饼灸组中血清TNF-α、IFNγ的含量均明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01或P0.05);隔药饼灸组与正常组相比较,隔药饼灸组的血清IFNγ含量有升高趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05),TNF-α与正常组相比含量增多,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论隔药饼灸对动脉粥样硬化兔血清相关炎性因子TNF-α、IFN-γ的影响是隔药饼灸抗动脉粥样硬化作用机制之一。