复方中药注射液对小白鼠艾氏腹水癌细胞膜表面的(Na~+-K~+)-ATP酶和微绒毛影响的电镜观察

本实验应用电镜细胞化学和扫描电镜技术,观察到小白鼠艾氏腹水癌细胞在复方中药注射液的连续作用下,膜表面(Na~+-K~+)-ATP酶活性减弱,微绒毛减退等变化,同时观察到该复方中药注射液对癌细胞增殖的抑制作用,抑瘤率可达87%,癌细胞增殖和(Na~+-K~+)-ATP酶活性及微绒毛的多少有平行关系。讨论了该复方中药抑制癌细胞增殖与膜表面(Na~+-K~+)-ATP酶活性和微绒毛变化的关系。     

Tumor cell surface β1–6 branched oligosaccharides and lung metastasis

NIH3T3 cells transfected with an activated Ha-ras oncogene were treated with L-PHA, the leukoagglutinin from red kidney beans. Cell lines resistant to L-PHA-mediated cytotoxicity were isolated and found to contain reduced levels of L-PHA-binding oligosaccharides. The levels of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V, the enzyme responsible for the initiation of the1–6 branch, were reduced in L-PHA-resistant cells. Tumorigenicity in nude mice was unchanged by the change in oligosaccharide expression, but the ability to form lung tumors after intravenous injection was significantly reduced. These results demonstrate that the ability of NIH3T3 cells transfected with an activated Ha-ras oncogene to form lung tumors after intravenous injection into nude mice is reduced in all six L-PHA selected cell lines containing a reduction in1–6 branched Asn-linked oligosaccharides.     

糖尿病肾病患者治疗前后AT-Ⅱ,VEGF,ET和ANP水平变化

目的 :检测糖尿病肾病 (DN)患者治疗前后血管紧张素Ⅱ (AT -Ⅱ )、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、内皮素 (ET)和心钠素 (ANP)含量变化 ,以比较不同药物的治疗效果。方法 :对象为DN患者分为 2组 :中药治疗观察组 35例 ;对照组 35例 ;正常对照组 35例。用放免法和ELISA法分别测定治疗前后血浆AT -Ⅱ、VEGF、ET和ANP水平。结果 :2组DN患者治疗前AT -Ⅱ、VEGF、ET和ANP含量均明显高于正常对照组 (p <0 0 5～ 0 0 1) ,治疗后较治疗前明显降低 (p<0 0 5～ 0 0 1)。观察组治疗后各含量下降较对照组明显。糖尿病肾病患者AT -Ⅱ含量与VEGF呈正相关 (r=0 4 6 5 ,p<0 0 5 ) ,血浆ET含量与ANP呈正相关 (r=0 6 1,p <0 0 5 ) ,观察组疗效稍好于对照组。结论 :AT -Ⅱ、VEGF、ET和ANP与DN的发生发展和病情的严重程度有关 ,它们之间可相互作用共同参与DN病变过程。以它们的指标作为疗效观察 ,中西药结合治疗糖尿病肾病患者效果较好。     

兔急性胰腺炎并发十二指肠粘膜损伤与一氧化氮合酶改变的关系

目的:探讨急性胰腺炎并发十二指肠粘膜损伤与一氧化氮合酶(nitric oxide synthase,NOS)改变的关系。方法:用胰管结扎及加压注射法建立大白兔急性胰腺炎模型,采用黄递酶组织化学染色法观察与比较两组动物胰腺及十二指肠组中NOS的变化。结果:经Winslow法测定血清淀粉酶分析及组织学检查,急性胰腺炎模型建立;经NADPH-d染色表明:实验组NOS染色强度明显高于对照组。结论:一氧化氮(nitric cxide,NO)在急性胰腺炎并发十二指肠粘膜损伤的病变过程中起重要的介导作用。     

Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-2 in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Portugal

Resistance to carbapenems is emerging, and it is a great problem to therapeutics. Three isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from a Portuguese hospital identified in urine and sputum, in 1995, presented a high-level resistance to imipenem (> 32 mg/L). Afterward, one isolate of P. aeruginosa recovered from urine of an ambulatory patient in 1998 showed high resistance to imipenem and meropenem. The resistance to carbapenems in these strains was associated with the production of a class B beta-lactamase, as was demonstrated by imipenem hydrolysis and inhibition by EDTA. Using primers described for bla(IMP) and bla(VIM), the amplification of the latter was observed in all isolates and a VIM-2 metallo-enzyme was identified. The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of these isolates were indistinguishable, suggesting dissemination to the community of this VIM-2 producer.     

重组hCGPx腺病毒对人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2)缺氧再复氧损伤的保护作用

目的:研究重组腺病毒介导的人胞质型谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(hCGPx)转染对人肾小管上皮细胞缺氧再复氧损伤的保护作用。方法:将含hCGPXcDNA的质粒pGEM-T-hCG-Px和重组腺病毒穿梭质粒pACCMV-pLpA重组,构建pACC-MV-hCGPx穿梭质粒后,与包装质粒pJM17共转染293细胞,构建重组腺病毒AdCMV-hCGPx。以重组腺病毒载体AdCMV-hCGPx转染体外培养的人肾小管上皮细胞株HK-2,以转染空载体的HK-2细胞为对照组,检测转染细胞中CGPx的表达水平。将HK-2细胞经缺氧再复氧损伤处理后,分别检测细胞的存活率、凋亡率及死亡率。结果:各转染组细胞中CGPx的表达率显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。经缺氧再复氧损伤处理后,AdCMV-hCGPx转染组细胞的存活率较对照组明显增强,死亡细胞明显减少,细胞凋亡明显受到抑制。结论:重组腺病毒介导的hCGPx转染人肾小管上皮细胞可保护缺氧再复氧引起的损伤。     

Efficacy of traditional Chinese herbs on squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: histopathologic analysis of 240 cases

Three types of traditional Chinese herb medicine were used to treat 98 patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma prior to surgical treatment. Forty-two patients with the same diagnosis were treated with these herbs plus cyclophosphamide (endoxan). One hundred similar patients received surgical treatment without herbs or endoxan treatment as controls. Histologic examinations of surgical specimens were made on all of these patients. Stromal lymphoid-cell infiltration and cancer tissue degeneration were more prominent in Menispernum dehuricum DC- or Chelidonium majus L-treated patients, and were less clear in patients treated with herbs plus endoxan and the controls. The antitumor action of herbs is thought to be brought about by the activation of an immunological rejection mechanism. Herbs plus endoxan may result in the masking of the immunological response of hosts without obviously damaging cancer tissues.     

基于自由变形法的多模态医学图像的配准与融合

本研究提出了一种自动识别颈部PET-CT图像特征点的算法，它应用自由变形（FFD）方法以CT图像的特征点为参考使PET图像产生变形，再结合最大互信息法对颈部PET与CT图像进行非刚体配准，最后用改进的小波图像融合法把两者进行融合得出视觉效果比较理想的融合图像。经实际计算得出的变形PET图像与对应CT图像的互信息量大于原始PET图像，并且最后用改进的小波图像融合法得出的融合图像的信息量比一般小波融合大，由此证明本研究所用方法是有效的。     

纯化的结核杆菌多肽抗原刺激人γδT细胞的效应分析

目的：探讨从结核杆菌多肽抗原(Mtb-Ag)纯化的多肽(C主肽)对人新鲜外周血γδT细胞的促增殖效应以及对已活化扩增的T细胞再次刺激的激活效应。方法：采用不同剂量的C主肽体外刺激健康人外周血PBMC，培养10天时经流式细胞仪检测细胞表型；另外以γδT细胞活化标志分子CD69的表达为指标，分析C主肽对已被Mtb-Ag激活扩增13天的γδT细胞再次刺激的激活效应。同时以MTT法检测C主肽的再刺激对已活化扩增的γδT细胞的促增殖活性。结果：结核杆菌C主肽对人新鲜的γδT细胞具有显著扩增效应；当C主肽再刺激已经活化的γδT细胞时，可使其显著表达CD69分子，同时对γδT细胞具有显著促增殖活性。结论：结核杆菌C主肽可能是Mtb-Ag发挥特异性激活人γδT细胞的有效成分。     

Effects of chloride and potassium channel blockers on apoptotic cell shrinkage and apoptosis in cortical neurons

K⁺ and Cl^– homeostasis have been implicated in cell volume regulation and apoptosis. We addressed the hypothesis that K⁺ and Cl^– efflux may contribute to apoptotic cell shrinkage and apoptotic death in cultured cortical neurons. CLC-2 and CLC-3 chloride channels were detected in cultured cortical neurons. The Cl^– channel blockers 4,4-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid (DIDS), 4-acetamido-4-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid (SITS) and 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoic acid (NPPB) inhibited the outwardly rectifying Cl^– current, prevented apoptotic cell shrinkage, and mildly attenuated cell death induced by staurosporine, C₂-ceramide, or serum deprivation. Cl^– channel blockers, however, at concentrations that prevented cell shrinkage had no significant effects on caspase activation and/or DNA fragmentation. Cell death in the presence of a Cl^– channel blocker was still sensitive to blockade by the caspase inhibitor z-Val-Ala-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethyl ketone (z-VAD-fmk). Electron microscopy revealed that, although DIDS prevented apoptotic cell shrinkage, certain apoptotic ultrastructural alterations still took place in injured neurons. On the other hand, the K⁺ channel blocker tetraethylammonium (TEA), clofilium, or the caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk prevented cell shrinkage as well as caspase activation and/or DNA damage, and showed stronger neuroprotection against apoptotic alterations and cell death. The results indicate that neurons may undergo apoptotic process without cell shrinkage and imply distinct roles for Cl^– and K⁺ homeostasis in regulating different apoptotic events.