KyoT2 downregulates airway remodeling in asthma

The typical pathological features of asthma are airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). KyoT2, a negative modulator of Notch signaling, has been linked to asthma in several previous studies. However, whether KyoT2 is involved in the regulation of airway remodeling or the modulation of airway resistance in asthma is unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of KyoT2 in preventing asthma-associated airway remodeling and AHR. BALB/c mice were used to generate a mouse model of asthma. Additionally, the expression of Hes1 and Notch1 in airway was analyzed using Immunofluorescence examination. The asthmatic mice were intranasally administered adenovirus expressing KyoT2 and were compared to control groups. Furthermore, subepithelial fibrosis and other airway remodeling features were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, Van Gieson’s staining and Masson’s trichrome staining. AHR was also evaluated. This study revealed that KyoT2 downregulated the expression of Hes1, repressed airway remodeling, and alleviated AHR in asthmatic mice. It is reasonable to assume that KyoT2 downregulates airway remodeling and resistance in asthmatic mice through a Hes1-dependent mechanism. Therefore, KyoT2 is a potential clinical treatment strategy for asthma.     

Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein is a prognostic biomarker for cervical squamous cell cancer

Background: The mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) has recently been identified as a key RIP3 (receptor interacting protein 3) downstream component of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced necroptosis. Objective: To evaluate the expression and clinical significance of MLKL in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Methods: The expression of MLKL in 54 cervical squamous carcinoma samples was detected by immuneohistochemical method. Chi-square, correlation analysis and kaplan-Meier method were used to analyze the data. Results: The MLKL expression in cervical squamous cell carcinoma was higher than that in normal cervical tissues (P = 0.004). The MLKL expression was negatively correlated with histological grade, lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05). Survival analysis showed the low expression of MLKL indicated poor prognosis. Conclusion: MLKL was a prognostic biomarker for cervical squamous cell carcinoma.     

Expression of Tim-3 in gastric cancer tissue and its relationship with prognosis

As a negative regulatory molecule, T-cell immunoglobulin–and mucin domain-3 (Tim-3) plays a crucial role in the tumor immunological tolerance. In the present study, we aimed to determine the Tim-3 expression in gastric cancer tissue and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis. The Tim-3 expression was assessed in 52 gastric cancer specimens and 15 gastritis tissues by flow cytometry, and gastritis tissues served as the control. As a result, we found that the Tim-3 expressions on CD4⁺T cells and CD8⁺T cells in gastric cancer tissue was significantly higher than those in gastritis tissue (P=0.022, P=0.047, respectively). The median expression level of Tim-3 on CD4⁺T cells were significantly correlated with clinicopathological parameters, such as tumor size, lymph node metastasis, the depth of tumor invasion and TNM staging (P=0.042, P=0.026, P=0.001, P=0.003, respectively), while it was not correlated with sex, age and histological subtype (all P>0.05). In CD8⁺T cells, the Tim-3 expression was relevant to tumor invasion and TNM staging (P=0.035, P=0.017, respectively), while it was irrelevant to other clinicopathological parameters (all P>0.05). Additionally, Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the median overall survival time of patients with lower Tim-3 expression was greater than that of patients with higher Tim-3 expression in CD4⁺T cells and CD8⁺T cells (χ²=18.036, P<0.001 and χ²=18.036, P<0.001, respectively). Moreover, the multivariate analysis revealed that the Tim-3 expression and TNM stage were independent prognostic factors for gastric cancer patients (P=0.029, P=0.043 and P=0.003, respectively). These results suggest that Tim-3 played an important role in the development and progression of gastric cancer, and it could be used as an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer patients.     

Ectopic hamartomatous thymoma: report of a case and review of literature

Ectopic hamartomatous thymoma (EHT) is an exceedingly rare lesion that usually arises in the lower neck and mainly affects adult men. We present the clinicopathological features of a case of EHT in a 28-year-old Chinese male, together with a literature review. Ultrasound imaging and a computed tomography (CT) scan of the neck demonstrated a 3.0-cm well-defined nodule of heterogeneous density located within the left sternocleidomastoid muscle. The patient underwent a gross total resection of the tumor. Grossly, the well-demarcated, encapsulated mass had a predominantly solid and gray-white appearance admixed with microcystic foci filled with serous content and yellowish regions. The lesion consisted of an irregular admixture of spindle cells, epithelium, and mature adipose tissue. Immunohistochemistry showed that both the spindle cell and epithelial components were diffuse and had intense nuclear positivity for p63 and cytoplasmic reactivity for pan-cytokeratin, CK7, and CK19. The patient was followed for 18 months without any evidence of metastasis or recurrence.     

中心静脉导管头端最佳位置影像学标识的系统评价

目的：对国内外探讨中心静脉导管头端最佳位置影像学标识的研究进行系统评价,分析并评鉴文献中报道的中心静脉导管头端最佳位置影像学标识的实施内容、可行性及其效果。方法运用循证护理的方法学,制订PECOD原则,检索Cochrane图书馆、JBI循证卫生保健国际合作中心图书馆、EM base、Elsevier、Web of know ledge、Ovid、CBM、CNKI和万方数据库中关于中心静脉导管头端最佳位置影像学标识的队列研究、病例对照研究及描述性研究。结果共纳入描述性研究文献4篇,对纳入研究进行描述性分析,气管隆凸下4 cm或2个胸椎椎体单元是较理想的影像学判断标识。结论目前X线胸片仍是确定中心静脉导管头端位置的首要方法,其影像学判断标识显得尤为重要。     

肿瘤标志物检测在良恶性胸腹水鉴别价值研究

目的 研究肿瘤标志物在良恶性胸腹水的临床鉴别价值.方法 169例恶性胸腹水患者设为恶性腹水组,146例良性胸腹水设为良性组,比较两组胸腹水癌胚抗原(CEA)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、糖类抗原(CA) 125、CA19-9水平,并对各肿瘤标志物对良恶性胸腹水的诊断进行方法学评价.结果 恶性组的CEA为(139.7-±56.4) ng/mL、AFP为(189.2±45.2) ng/mL、CA125为(314.7±86.2) U/mL、CA19-9为(158.5±24.2) U/mL,浓度均高于良性组,差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);ROC曲线分析CEA、AFP、CA125以及CA19-9曲线下面积分别为0.811、0.547、0.715和0.769,其对应的诊断切点分别为5.6 ng/mL、63.7 ng/mL、38.9 U/mL和30.4 U/mL;AFP因ROC曲线下面积过低不适于恶性胸腹水的诊断.三种肿瘤标志物单独检测方法学评价的各项指标均以CEA最好,灵敏度为75.7％,特异度为88.6％,联合检测以CEA、CA125以及CA19-9的联合检测效果较好,灵敏度为80.5％,特异度为94.0％.结论 肿瘤标志物联合检测对胸腹水的性质鉴别方面有重要的临床应用价值.     

盐酸厄洛替尼片的临床应用概况

<正>肺癌是世界范围内最常见的恶性肿瘤,其中80%的肺癌是非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung caner,NSCLC),手术治疗只适用于少数患者且术后复发甚至死亡的比率高达60%,虽然化疗、放疗技术在不断提高,但NSCLC患者的预后很差~([1-2])。厄洛替尼(erlotinib)是小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,可直接作用于表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR),通过抑制EGFR,切断细胞内的酪氨酸激酶磷酸化进程,进而达到抗肿瘤作用~([3])。临床主要用于治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌。本文就近年来厄洛替尼的临床应