The influence of processed total non-forward and non-motile sperm count on the outcome of artificial insemination with the husband’s semen

BackgroundArtificial insemination with the husband’s semen (AIH) is an economical and noninvasive method of infertility treatment. However, AIH’s pregnancy rate is much lower than in vitro fertilization (IVF) as its multiple and complex uncertainty factors. Semen quality has been one of the main factors which affect the pregnancy outcome of AIH.MethodsThe relevant parameters of 1,142 AIH cycles were retrospectively studied, including the general parameters and the semen quality parameters among clinical pregnancy, biochemical pregnancy, non-pregnancy group, age, infertility duration, infertility type, body mass index (BMI), cycle count, morphology in previously semen examination, and semen quality parameters on the day of AIH.ResultsThe statistically significant difference was only found on processed total non-forward and non-motile sperm count (N-TFMSC). The mean processed N-TFMSC in the biochemical pregnancy group was 6.37±4.27 million, significantly higher than the other two groups (vs. 4.40±3.15 million or vs. 4.48±3.60 million, P<0.05). The study was then divided into two groups according to processed N-TFMSC, Group 1 ≤5.0 million, and Group 2 >5.0 million. A statistical increase in biochemical pregnancy rate was observed when the processed N-TFMSC was >5.0 million (2.72% vs. 0.90%).ConclusionsProcessed N-TFMSC may be one of the independent factors on AIH’s outcome; it should be given equal attention the same as processed total forward motile sperm count (TFMSC).     

自然周期与促排卵周期联合宫腔内人工授精临床疗效的meta分析

目的系统评价自然周期和促排卵周期联合宫腔内人工授精(intrauterine insemination,IUI)对不孕患者治疗的有效性,旨在更合理有效的指导临床治疗。方法计算机检索2000年1月至2013年6月中国生物医学文献数据库(CBMDisc)、万方数据库、中国学术期刊网专题全文数据库(CNKI)、维普数据库、Pubmed、外文生物医学期刊文献数据(FMJS)中自然周期和促排卵周期联合IUI治疗不孕患者的随机对照试验(RCT)或临床对照试验。由2位评价员根据纳入与排除标准独立进行文献筛选、资料提取和质量评价后,采用Rev Man 5.0软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入9个研究,共8814个周期。Meta分析结果显示:对行IUI的不孕症患者,促排卵周期组与自然周期组相比,妊娠率[OR=1.47,95%CI(1.26,1.72),P0.00001]、流产率[OR=2.49,95%CI(1.49,4.16),P=0.0005]、多胎率[OR=6.94,95%CI(1.94,24.83),P=0.003]均大于自然周期组,且差异有统计学意义;OHSS发生率[OR=4.17,95%CI(0.74,23.49),P=0.11]和宫外孕发生率[OR=2.22,95%CI(0.92,5.37),P=0.08]无明显差异。结论对自然周期和促排卵周期联合IUI治疗不孕患者的有效性而言,促排卵周期组能更好的改善其妊娠率,但其流产率和多胎率的发生较高,因此促排卵方案用于IUI时,其疗效及安全性需要进行更多的临床研究。由于纳入文献存在质量和数量不足以及方法学差异,本研究结论仅作为临床分析的参考,尚需后效评价和不断更新。     

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester,a propolis polyphenolic,attenuates potentially cadmium-induced testicular dysfunction in mice

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) as environmental pollutant can induce severe damage, particularly to the testis. This study investigated the effects of Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on testicular dysfunction induced by Cd. Adult mice were intraperitoneally injected with cadmium chloride (CdCl₂) with different doses of CAPE pretreatment. After CdCl₂ injection, body/testis weight ratio decreased, Cd levels accumulated and zinc levels decreased in testis. Furthermore, Cd intoxication caused a significant increase of oxidative stress levels, antioxidant enzymes activities, and glutathione levels. Interestingly, significant improvements were observed after the administration of CAPE. Our results demonstrated the protective effect of CAPE, linking Cd testicular dysfunction to oxidative stress.     

血小板第4因子对放射损伤小鼠骨髓基质细胞周期的影响

目的探讨血小板第4因子（platelet factor 4,PF4）对5.0 Gy γ射线全身照射小鼠的骨髓基质细胞（bone marrow stromal cells,BMSCs）的保护作用,进一步探讨PF4对造血的辐射防护机制.方法30只雄性小鼠随机分为3组：①放射组,②PF4保护组,③对照组.小鼠照射前分别于26和20 h腹腔内注射PF4,每次剂量50 μg/kg.于照射后3 d取骨髓细胞体外培养,分别计数培养后3、7和14 d的骨髓基质细胞集落（CFU-F）;在培养后10 d流式细胞仪检测细胞周期.结果3组中,照射组3 d的CFU-F数量与PF4保护组差异无统计学意义,7和14 d的CFU-F数量PF4保护组较照射组明显增加.流式细胞仪检测结果表明3组中照射组G0＋G1期细胞明显高于其余两组,S,G2＋M期细胞明显低于其余两组.结论PF4对照射小鼠的骨髓基质细胞有保护作用,促进造血重建.     

Experimental animal models of pancreatic carcinogenesis and metastasis

Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease characterized by early metastasis, local invasion, and resistance to conventional therapies. To understand its etiology and eventually make prevention of it possible and effective, appropriate carcinogenesis models will certainly help us understand the effects of environmental and genetic elements on pancreatic carcinogenesis. The development of new treatment strategies to control cancer metastasis is of immediate urgency. Fulfillment of this task relies on our knowledge of the cellular and molecular biology of pancreatic cancer metastasis and the availability of biologically and clinically relevant model systems. Many of the existing pancreatic cancer carcinogenesis and metastasis animal models are described in this review. The advantages and disadvantages of each model and their clinical implications are discussed, and special attention is focused on experimental therapeutic strategies targeting pancreatic cancer metastasis.     

小颗粒致密低密度脂蛋白氧化特性及对血管内皮细胞脂质过氧化的影响

了解小颗粒致密低密度脂蛋白中抗氧化维生素含量、氧化特性 ,探讨其对血管内皮细胞脂质过氧化的影响。采用二次密度梯度超速离心的方法分离制备小颗粒致密低密度脂蛋白 ,高压液相色谱测定其抗氧化物质维生素A、E和 β 胡萝卜素 ;连续监测小颗粒致密低密度脂蛋白在 2 34nm的吸光度以测定其氧化敏感曲线 ;在血管内皮培养液中分别加入不同浓度的小颗粒致密低密度脂蛋白 ,培养后测定培养液丙二醛的浓度。实验成功分离小颗粒致密低密度脂蛋白 ,与大而轻低密度脂蛋白相比 ,维生素A、E和 β 胡萝卜素等抗氧化物质及总抗氧化能力明显减少 ,只有大而轻低密度脂蛋白的 6 5 %、39%和 2 4 % ,故小颗粒致密低密度脂蛋白氧化的延迟时间只有大而轻低密度脂蛋白的 37.5 % ,但硫代巴比妥酸反应物质值及氧化速率分别是大而轻低密度脂蛋白的 1 .7倍和 1 .2 8倍 ;培养液中丙二醛含量随加入脂蛋白的浓度和作用时间而增高 ,2 4h时小颗粒致密低密度脂蛋白 5 0mg组、1 0 0mg组、1 5 0mg组与相同剂量大而轻低密度脂蛋白组比较丙二醛显著增高 (P <0 .0 5 )。上述结果提示 :小颗粒致密低密度脂蛋白中抗氧化物质及抗氧化能力下降 ,氧化敏感性增高 ,并促进内皮细胞过氧化损伤     

系统康复治疗对年轻肩关节脱位患者肩关节稳定性的作用

目的对年轻患者肩关节脱位进行系统的康复治疗,以检验系统康复疗法疗效优于单纯固定的假设。方法根据所采用的治疗方法,将43例40岁以下的急性肩关节脱位患者分成实验组23例,对照组20例。实验组患者进行包括关节活动范围锻炼、发展肩胛骨周围肌的肌力训练、发展肩袖肌的肌力、适度的外展、外旋锻炼及耐力训练在内的系统康复治疗。对照组只进行单纯固定后未经系统康复治疗。对两组患者的临床效果进行比较。结果实验组复发率为17%(4/23),对照组复发率为45%(9/20),两组复发率比较差异有显著性意义(χ2=3.866,P<0.05);随访结果显示肩关节ASES评分实验组为90.9±4.87,对照组为75.4±4.94,两组差异有非常显著性意义(t=9.94,P=2.99×10-12<0.01)。结论肩关节脱位年轻患者进行系统的康复锻炼,可以提高患肩的稳定性。     

管理人员职业紧张常模及转换表研制

目的中高层管理人员、一般管理人员职业紧张常模、应用表、分级标准研究。方法采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R),对中高层管理人员263例、一般管理人员569例,共计832例常模样本进行研究。结果首先,采用OSI-R量表分别研制了中高层管理人员、一般管理人员职业紧张常模;其次,在常模的基础上,分别研制了常模样本粗分转换为T分表。职业紧张程度分级职业任务和紧张反应问卷中,T分≥70分者,为高度职业紧张、紧张反应;T分在60分至69分范围内者,为中度职业紧张、紧张反应;T分在40分至59分范围内者,为适度职业紧张和紧张反应;处于正常范围。T分低于40分者,为相对缺乏职业紧张和紧张反应。在应对资源问卷中,T分低于30分者,表明高度缺乏应对资源;T分在30分至39分范围内者,表明中度缺乏应对资源;T分在40分至59分范围之间者,具有适度的应对资源,属于正常范围;T分≥60分者,表明有很强的应对资源。结论将职业紧张的模式结合中高层管理人员、一般管理人员职业紧张常模及应用表,分别针对不同个体主要紧张源、紧张反应、应对资源,采取有针对性的干预(组织、个体)措施,以降低中高层管理人员、一般管理人员职业紧张程度,保护和促进工作能力是职业卫生领域面临的重要任务之一。     

HLA markers in familial Lichen Sclerosus

Background: Lichen sclerosus (LS) has been identified with increased frequency in families,often associated with HLA markers, mainly DQ7. A genetic co‐etiology seems likely in this setting. Moreover, there is an association of LS with autoimmune disorders, such as the presence of anti‐thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies (anti‐TPO), a hallmark of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Patients and Methods: In 3 families affected by LS, we verified their HLA markers, and identified previously undiagnosed cases of LS and autoimmune disorders. 30 individuals were examined with history, skin biopsy, HLA class I and II typing by PCR‐SSP, and measurement of anti‐TPO, free thyroxine and thyroidstimulating hormones (TSH) levels. Results: There were 8 cases of LS, 50 % of them anti‐TPO+. Autoimmune disorders were found in 40 % (total) and in 87.5 % of those affected. Most common HLA markers were B*15, B*57, CW*03, CW*07, CW*18, DRB1*04, DRB1*07, DRB4*. The three latter have been previously associated with LS. Conclusion: New cases of LS and autoimmune disorders can be detected in first degree relatives of patients with LS. The presence of anti‐TPO antibodies strongly suggests autoimmune thyroiditis. There is intra‐familial association between the haplotype HLA‐B*15 ‐DRB1*04 ‐DRB4* and anti‐TPO,emphasizing their link with thyroiditis. New familial approaches might help to make clear the pathogenesis of LS and its association with autoimmune diseases.