血管重建术治疗难治性颅内动脉瘤

对于需要闭塞载瘤动脉的难治性颅内动脉瘤,血管重建技术是解决脑血流代偿不足的良好方法.随着显微手术技术的发展,移植血管通畅率的不断提高,血管重建治疗难治性颅内动脉瘤的疗效也在不断提高.     

Protective effect of recombinant human somatotropin on amyloid beta-peptide induced learning and memory deficits in mice.

This study aimed to examine the effects of the recombinant human somatotropin (rhGH) on protecting neuronal function, and improving learning and memory deficits in mice. Mice were intracerebroventricularly (icv) injected with the aggregated amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) to mimic the Alzheimer's disease (AD). The learning and memory functions in mice were examined by the step through test (an index of long-term memory) and the water maze performance (an index of spatial recognition memory). The results indicated that the mice treated with rhGH showed significant reduction of the error counts and the long memory retentions in the step-through test, and short swimming times in the water maze performance. Toxic effects of free radicals, damages of cholinergic neurons, and increased lipid peroxidation appeared in the cerebra of Abeta-treated mice, manifesting an increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decline of glutathione (GSH) level, an increment of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities, and a reduction of the acetylcholine (ACh) level. The gel electrophoresis pattern of the cerebra of mice treated with Abeta showed a typical DNA ladder of apoptosis. The in vivo experiments showed that the rhGH treatment significantly reversed the elevated MDA, ChAT, AChE, and the decreased GSH, ACh levels in the Abeta model mice. The results suggested that there were potential uses of the neuroprotective action of rhGH in the remedy of AD.     

Gene cloning, expression and vaccine testing of Schistosoma japonicum SjFABP

A 600 bp DNA fragment was amplified by PCR from an adult Schistosoma japonicum cDNA library. Sequence analysis confirmed that this fragment contained an S. japonicum Chinese mainland strain fatty acid binding protein (Sj14FABP) gene. This gene was subsequently expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and in Baculovirus/silkworm systems. The recombinant protein from E. coli was a 41 kDa GST fusion protein (rSj14/GST), which could be purified by glutathione agarose affinity chromatography, with a yield of 25 mg/L E. coli culture. The recombinant protein from the Baculovirus/silkworm system was an 18 kDa fusion protein (rSj14/His), which could be purified by Ni-NTA resin chromatography column with a yield of 3.5 mg per silkworm larva. Both rSj14/GST and rSj14/His could be recognized by S. japonicum-infected mouse sera and anti-rSj14/GST mouse sera in Western blotting. The purified recombinant protein was immunogenic in mice, rats and sheep, and 34.3%, 31.9% and 59.2% worm reductions, respectively, were obtained in vaccinated Kunming mice, Wistar rats and sheep vaccinated with Sj14/GST, compared to non-vaccinated control groups. Worm reductions of 48.8% and 49.0% were recorded in Balb/c mice immunized with Sj14/His, compared to non-vaccinated and BCG-vaccinated groups, respectively. These results indicate that rSj14FABP is a promising candidate vaccine for schistosomiasis japonica, particularly as in the rat and sheep vaccination experiments, no adjuvant was used.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下妇幼保健机构药学服务模式探讨

2019年12月以来,湖北省武汉市陆续发现了多例新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者,随着疫情在全国蔓延,全国各地积极采取疫情防控措施。为保障疫情期间药学工作顺利开展,进一步做好疫情期间“以患者为中心,科学防控”的药学服务,为临床一线医务人员提供有利支持,笔者基于新型冠状病毒的特点和药学日常工作的积累探索建立了药学服务模式策略,旨在为广大一线药学人员防控感染提供参考和帮助。     

Clinical significance of the serum IgM and IgG to SARS‐CoV‐2 in coronavirus disease‐2019

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical value of serum IgM and IgG to SARS‐CoV‐2 in COVID‐19.Methods105 COVID‐19 patients were enrolled as the disease group. 197 non‐COVID‐19 patients served as the control group. Magnetic chemiluminescent immunoassay (MCLIA) was used to detect the IgM and IgG.ResultsThe peak of positive rates of SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM was about 1 week earlier than that of IgG. It reached to peak within 15–21 days and then began a slowly decline. The positive rates of IgG were increased with the disease course and reached the peak between 22 and 39 days. The differences in sensitivity of the three detection modes (IgM, IgG, and IgM + IgG) were statistically significant. The largest group of test cases (illness onset 15–21 days) showed that the positive rate of IgG was higher than IgM. Also, the sensitivity of IgM combined with IgG was higher than IgM or IgG. IgM and IgG were monitored dynamically for 16 patients with COVID‐19, the results showed that serological transformation of IgM was carried out simultaneously with IgG in seven patients, which was earlier than IgG in four patients and later than IgG in five patients.ConclusionThe detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM and IgG is very important to determine the course of COVID‐19. Nucleic acid detection combined with serum antibody of SARS‐CoV‐2 may be the best laboratory indicator for the diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and the phrase and predication for prognosis of COVID‐19.     

Ferritin as a key risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children with obesity

BackgroundThe association between serum ferritin and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children with obesity is not clear. This study was designed to investigate whether serum ferritin can be an independent predictor for NAFLD.MethodsAccording to the hepatic ultrasound results, a total of 347 children with obesity were enrolled in this study. Among them, 95 patients with NAFLD and 95 without NAFLD were matched for gender, age, blood pressure and body mass index, the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of ferritin and the risk of NAFLD were analyzed.ResultsAfter propensity score matching, ferritin values of the patients with NAFLD were significantly higher than those without NAFLD group. Alanine aminotransferase and ferritin were strongly associated with NAFLD in multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis. The medium and high levels of ferritin increased risk of NAFLD, and the adjusted ORs were 3.298 (95% CI:1.326‐8.204), 7.322 (95% CI:2.725‐19.574) across the ferritin concentration tertiles after adjustment for confounders. Ferritin was shown to be the best predictor for NAFLD with sensitivity and specificity of 60.0% and 77.9%, respectively, area under the curve was 0.733.ConclusionThe results show that serum ferritin can usefully be considered as a predictor of NAFLD in children with obesity.     

脂质运载蛋白-2在急性心肌梗死发病过程中的变化及临床意义

目的探讨脂质运载蛋白-2(lipocalin-2,Lcn-2)在急性心肌梗死(AMI)过程中的变化及其临床意义。方法分别采集100例AMI患者行经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗前及PCI治疗后24 h、72 h外周血,30例健康受试者外周血作为对照。分离血浆及中性粒细胞;分别采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)及RT-q PCR法检测血浆及中性粒细胞中Lcn-2水平。选取12周龄25~30 g的C57BL/6雄性小鼠(北京维通利华) 16只用于制备AMI模型。通过开胸结扎左冠状动脉前降支建立小鼠AMI模型(n=8)。分别取模型组小鼠结扎前及结扎1 h、24 h外周血,检测血浆及外周血中性粒细胞Lcn-2水平。此外,采用Lcn-2抗体对该模型进行干预,对结扎24 h后小鼠进行心功能检测,并采用TUNEL法和免疫荧光检测心脏梗死区心肌凋亡情况及中性粒细胞浸润情况。结果与健康受试者比较[血浆Lcn-2(20.35±8.51) ng/m L,中性粒细胞Lcn-2(1.03±0.16)倍],AMI患者PCI治疗前Lcn-2水平[血浆(113.55±22.73) ng/m L,中性粒细胞(16.81±3.83)倍]明显升高,PCI治疗后24 h[血浆(74.26±14.36) ng/m L,中性粒细胞(10.86±2.71)倍]、72 h[血浆(46.81±12.83) ng/m L,中性粒细胞:(6.15±1.92)倍]依次明显下降。在小鼠模型上,与结扎前比较[血浆Lcn-2(8.14±2.33) ng/m L,中性粒细胞Lcn-2(1.01±0.08)倍],小鼠结扎1 h Lcn-2水平[血浆(17.33±6.19) ng/m L,中性粒细胞(12.86±5.66)倍]、24 h[血浆(35.15±10.44) ng/m L,中性粒细胞(20.17±7.14)倍]依次明显升高。与模型组比较[左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)(143.25±10.29)μL,左室射血分数(LVEF)(40.35±5.10)%,左室缩短分数(LVFS)(20.16±2.64)%],Lcn-2抗体干预明显改善了小鼠的心功能[LVEDV(123.25±9.35)μL,LVEF(49.37±6.69)%,LVFS(24.79±3.40)%]。此外,Lcn-2抗体干预明显抑制心肌细胞凋亡。结论血浆及中性粒细胞中Lcn-2水平与AMI发生相关,靶向抑制Lcn-2对AMI有明显的保护作用。     

Omniview检查诊断宫腔粘连的临床应用价值

目的探讨经阴道三维超声自由解剖成像(Omniview)检查诊断宫腔粘连的临床应用价值。方法选取本院收治的86例疑似宫腔粘连患者,全部患者均行Omniview检查与宫腔镜检查,以宫腔镜结果为金标准评价Omniview检查诊断宫腔粘连的效能。结果 Omniview检查诊断宫腔粘连的准确度为88.37%,与宫腔镜结果比较差异显著(P<0.05);Omniview检查诊断不同宫腔粘连程度的特异度、灵敏度、准确度结果如下:中央型粘连:90.00%、96.36%、94.67%,周围型粘连:95.52%、75.00%、93.33%,混合型粘连:93.65%、100.00%、94.67%,Omniview检查诊断不同程度宫腔粘连的总体符合率为94.68%,与宫腔镜结果相符(P>0.05)。结论 Omniview检查在宫腔粘连程度判断中结果可靠,能够有效检出中央型粘连、混合型粘连病例,但在周围型粘连诊断中仍存在局限性。     

Computerized tumor multinucleation index (MuNI) is prognostic in p16+ oropharyngeal carcinoma

BACKGROUNDPatients with p16⁺ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) are potentially cured with definitive treatment. However, there are currently no reliable biomarkers of treatment failure for p16⁺ OPSCC. Pathologist-based visual assessment of tumor cell multinucleation (MN) has been shown to be independently prognostic of disease-free survival (DFS) in p16⁺ OPSCC. However, its quantification is time intensive, subjective, and at risk of interobserver variability.METHODSWe present a deep-learning–based metric, the multinucleation index (MuNI), for prognostication in p16⁺ OPSCC. This approach quantifies tumor MN from digitally scanned H&E-stained slides. Representative H&E-stained whole-slide images from 1094 patients with previously untreated p16⁺ OPSCC were acquired from 6 institutions for optimization and validation of the MuNI.RESULTSThe MuNI was prognostic for DFS, overall survival (OS), or distant metastasis–free survival (DMFS) in p16⁺ OPSCC, with HRs of 1.78 (95% CI: 1.37–2.30), 1.94 (1.44–2.60), and 1.88 (1.43–2.47), respectively, independent of age, smoking status, treatment type, or tumor and lymph node (T/N) categories in multivariable analyses. The MuNI was also prognostic for DFS, OS, and DMFS in patients with stage I and stage III OPSCC, separately.CONCLUSIONMuNI holds promise as a low-cost, tissue-nondestructive, H&E stain–based digital biomarker test for counseling, treatment, and surveillance of patients with p16⁺ OPSCC. These data support further confirmation of the MuNI in prospective trials.FUNDINGNational Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH; National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, NIH; National Center for Research Resources, NIH; VA Merit Review Award from the US Department of VA Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development Service; US Department of Defense (DOD) Breast Cancer Research Program Breakthrough Level 1 Award; DOD Prostate Cancer Idea Development Award; DOD Lung Cancer Investigator-Initiated Translational Research Award; DOD Peer-Reviewed Cancer Research Program; Ohio Third Frontier Technology Validation Fund; Wallace H. Coulter Foundation Program in the Department of Biomedical Engineering; Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) program, Case Western Reserve University; NCI Cancer Center Support Grant, NIH; Career Development Award from the US Department of VA Clinical Sciences Research and Development Program; Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center Support Grant, NIH; and Computational Genomic Epidemiology of Cancer Program, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH, the US Department of VA, the DOD, or the US Government.