股前外侧肌皮瓣修复足踝侧方组织缺损

Objective To explore the long-time clinical results and effection of free anterolateral thigh musculocutaneous flap for repairing the complex defects involving lateral or medial malleolar of the ankle and heel,especially for reconstructing stability of the ankle joints. Methods Thirteen patients with complex tissue defects,involving lateral or medial malleolar of the ankle and heel,were treated by free anterolateral thigh fasciomusculocutaneous flap.The fascia lata which was involved in the flap was fixed with the adjacent tissue of the recipient area.The descending branches of the lateral circumflex femoral vessels were anastomosed with the vessels in the recipient area.The largest area of the flap was 20 cm × 12 cm.The ankle joint was fixed in functional position with plaster in the early 3 months post-operatively.The following time ranged from 1.5 years to 20 years.The stability of the ankle joint were evatuated with the patients' objective feeling and clinical symptoms and imaging study.Results The stability of the ankle should be protected by external fixation in the early 3 months postoperatively,and was restored at 6 months usually.In all cases,ten cases were followed over 10 years,six cases were followed over 6 years,three cases were followed over 15 years.Though radiological discovering suggesting traumatic esteoarthritis exited in 3 cases with a follow-up more than 5 years,the clinical manifestations were fair and no one need undergo arthredesis. Conclusion Using ant erolateral thigh musculocutaneous flap for reconstructing the complex defects involving lateral or medial malleolar of the ankle and heel repairing stability of the joint and ovoiding off early arthrodosis of the joint is one of the favorable choice,especially for the teen-agers.     

胫骨平台骨折术后感染原因分析及治疗对策

目的 分析胫骨平台骨折钢板固定术后伤口感染的原因,探讨总结应用小腿近侧蒂肌皮瓣治疗方法的疗效.方法 2005年1月至2009年5月,经治胫骨平台骨折钢板内固定术后并发伤口感染不愈、软组织缺损、钢板外露、创伤性骨髓炎52例.彻底扩创、清理死骨、对髓腔开放者清理髓腔,并取不同层次炎性肉芽组织送实验室细菌学及药敏测试,对钢板固定失效者更换外固定架.创腔内放置载万古霉素或妥布霉素硫酸钙人工骨,骨缺损较大者,取自体髂骨混合植骨,选取小腿近侧蒂皮瓣填充覆盖修复创面.放置引流,抗生素静脉注射3至4周,定期拍摄X线片直至骨折愈合.结果 52例组织缺损均得到满意修复.随访时间最长5年,最短1年,骨折愈合最快4个月,最长1年.2例术后分别于第3、4个月骨髓炎复发再次手术治愈.3例术后6个月骨折不愈再次手术植骨后4～6个月愈合.结论 胫骨平台骨折钢板内固定术后并发伤口感染不愈软组织缺损、创伤性骨髓炎的治疗需要综合措施,应用小腿近侧蒂相应肌皮瓣填充创腔、覆盖闭合修复缺损创面、改善局部血供、促进骨折愈合是取得治疗成功不可或缺的方法之一.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the reason of post-operative infection of tibial plateau fracture, the therapeutic effect of using pedicle musculocutaneous flaps of proximal leg was researched and summarized. Methods There were 52 patients of tibial plateau fracture after internal fixation complicated by disunion of infected wound and soft tissue defects, traumatic osteomyelitis from January 2005 to May 2009. After pre-operative physical examination, laboratory examination, X-ray, CT scan and bacterial culture of the secretion,the operation, such as debridement, dead bone moving, medullary cavity cleaning, transferring to the external fixation when the internal fixation lost efficacy and bacterial culture of granulation tissue of different levels. The cavity was filled with RBK combined with vancomycin or tobramycin. If the cavity was rather large, autografts from the iliac bone were combined. The tissue defects were covered with pedicle musculocutaneous flaps of proximal leg, and the wound had effective drainage. The antibiotic was used for 3-4 weeks, and the X-rays were given at fixed period until the fracture was cured. Results The soft tissue defects of all 52 patients were repaired well. They were followed from 1 year to 5 years, and the time of bone union ranged from 4 months to 1 year. Two patients of osteomyelitis had a relapse after 3,4 months, then they were cured by the second operation. Three patients had unhealed fracture after 6 months, then they were cured by bone grafting again after 4-6 months. Conclusion Patients of tibial plateau fracture after internal fixation complicated by disunion of infected wound and soft tissue defects, traumatic osteomyelitis should be cured by comprehensive treatments, one of the crucial treatment for success is using pedicle musculocutaneous flaps of proximal leg to fill in lacuna, close wound, improve the local blood supply and promote bone union.     

带阔筋膜张肌髂骨瓣移植治疗股骨头缺血性坏死

目的:探讨带阔筋膜张肌骨瓣移植结合软骨下微骨折技术在促进修复、治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效。方法:股骨头缺血性坏死患者37例,男24例,女13例;年龄17~51岁,平均37岁。FicatⅠ期13例,Ⅱ期15例,Ⅲ期9例。5例为双侧发病。均经非手术治疗6~49个月后采用股骨颈开槽并去除硬化及囊性变之股骨头软骨下骨后嵌入带阔筋膜张肌骨瓣,清理坏死区域,使用2mm克氏针作锥入孔,直至有血液及脂滴自孔中溢出。术后使用CPM机康复训练,3个月内禁负重,3个月后先后经双拐、单拐、手杖辅助行走,1年后正常行走。结果:所有病例随访1~10年,平均3.4年。髋关节Harris评分,优24例,患髋无疼痛;良8例,患髋活动时疼痛明显减轻,偶服用止痛药;可3例,症状有所缓解,但仍需服用止痛药,后期行人工关节置换术后恢复正常活动。结论:应用带阔筋膜张肌骨瓣移植结合软骨下微骨折技术治疗能有效地改善股骨头的血供,促使坏死软骨面的再生修复。