高糖危象患者血清瘦素和氧化应激的关系

Objective To investigate the relationship between the levels of serum leptin and oxidative stress in patients with hyperglycemia crisis. Methods A total of 96 patients with diabetic ketoaeidosis (DKA) and nonketotic hyperglycemia (NKH) were treated on a low-dose insulin protocol using intravenous infusion of insulin with the established rate of 0.1U·kg-1·h-1,with the patients on intravenous fluids and receiving nutrition by mouth and vein. The levels of serum leptin, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in 96 patients with hyperglycemia crisis on admission and after insulin therapy with resolution of hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis (72 hours) were measured. Another 35 healthy individuals served as normal control. Results The activities of SOD, TAC and the levels of leptin before treatment were lower in patients with hyperglycemia crisis than in normal controls, and the levels of MDA and 8-iso-PGF2a were more markedly elevated than those in normal controls (all P<0. 05). The activities of SOD, TAC and the levels of leptin in patients after treatment were significantly higher than those in patients before treatment, and the levels of MDA and 8-iso-PGF2a. were significantly lower than those in patients on admission (all P<0. 05). There was significant positive correlation between leptin and MDA in patients before treatment (r=0. 38, P<0. 05), and the level of leptin was negatively correlated with MDA and 8-iso-PGF2a in patients after treatment (r1 = - 0. 35, r2= - 0. 37, both P < 0. 05). In stepwise regression analysis, MDA and 8-iso-PGF2α showed a significant association with leptin. Conclusion The levels of leptin are significantly lowered in patients with hyperglycemia crisis. Oxidative stress may participate in determining the leptin level in hyperglycemia crisis.     

早期糖尿病大鼠肺超微结构与氧化应激的观察

目的：了解糖尿病1周、2周及3周肺脏超微结构及氧化应激变化。方法：采用透射电镜对四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病1周、2周及3周大鼠肺组织进行观察并测定肺组织的超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛含量。结果：糖尿病1周和2周大鼠肺Ⅱ型细胞可见粗面内质网扩张，糖尿病2周大鼠肺Ⅱ型细胞可见细胞核周隙轻度扩大，糖尿病3周大鼠肺Ⅱ型细胞粗面内质网明显扩张，偶见脱颗粒现象，扩张网池内颗粒物质电子密度低于周围胞质。糖尿病1、2、3周大鼠肺组织超氧化物歧化酶活性与对照组比较无明显差别（P>0.05），而糖尿病2周和3周大鼠肺组织丙二醛含量明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：糖尿病病程早期存在Ⅱ型肺泡细胞结构变化，且伴有肺脏的氧化应激改变。     

高糖危象患者血清瘦素和氧化应激的关系

Objective To investigate the relationship between the levels of serum leptin and oxidative stress in patients with hyperglycemia crisis. Methods A total of 96 patients with diabetic ketoaeidosis (DKA) and nonketotic hyperglycemia (NKH) were treated on a low-dose insulin protocol using intravenous infusion of insulin with the established rate of 0.1U·kg-1·h-1,with the patients on intravenous fluids and receiving nutrition by mouth and vein. The levels of serum leptin, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in 96 patients with hyperglycemia crisis on admission and after insulin therapy with resolution of hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis (72 hours) were measured. Another 35 healthy individuals served as normal control. Results The activities of SOD, TAC and the levels of leptin before treatment were lower in patients with hyperglycemia crisis than in normal controls, and the levels of MDA and 8-iso-PGF2a were more markedly elevated than those in normal controls (all P<0. 05). The activities of SOD, TAC and the levels of leptin in patients after treatment were significantly higher than those in patients before treatment, and the levels of MDA and 8-iso-PGF2a. were significantly lower than those in patients on admission (all P<0. 05). There was significant positive correlation between leptin and MDA in patients before treatment (r=0. 38, P<0. 05), and the level of leptin was negatively correlated with MDA and 8-iso-PGF2a in patients after treatment (r1 = - 0. 35, r2= - 0. 37, both P < 0. 05). In stepwise regression analysis, MDA and 8-iso-PGF2α showed a significant association with leptin. Conclusion The levels of leptin are significantly lowered in patients with hyperglycemia crisis. Oxidative stress may participate in determining the leptin level in hyperglycemia crisis.     

糖尿病大鼠膈肌微量元素与氧化应激变化的研究

目的:了解糖尿病膈肌微量元素与氧化应激的关系。方法:采用原子吸收光谱法,测定糖尿病28 d大鼠膈肌组织中铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)锌(Zn)、铁(Fe)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、钴(Co)、钼(Mo)和锂(Li)的含量,并同时测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果:糖尿病膈肌Cu、Zn、Cr、Li含量明显低于对照组,Fe和Cd明显高于对照组,而Mn、Co、Mo与对照组无明显差别。糖尿病膈肌组织SOD活性明显低于对照组,MDA含量明显高于对照组。糖尿病膈肌组织Zn含量与其SOD活性呈正相关,与MDA含量呈负相关,Cd含量与SOD活性呈负相关。结论:糖尿病28d膈肌组织存在Cu、Zn、Fe、Cd、Cr、Li含量的变化及氧化应激增加,Zn和Cd在糖尿病膈肌组织氧化应激变化中具有重要意义。     

糖尿病大鼠膈肌功能和形态学变化

目的:观察四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病4周大鼠膈肌收缩功能和形态结构的改变。方法:应用体外大鼠膈肌肌条,对其单收缩动力学、最大强直张力(P₀)、张力-频率曲线、疲劳指数(FI)的变化以及应用H.E、Heidenhain铁矾苏木素法和标准脱氢酶染色法对膈肌组织的形态学变化进行观察。结果:糖尿病大鼠膈肌最大颤搐张力(Pt)、收缩时间(CT)、半舒张时间(RT_1/2)及FI均明显低于对照组,而两组P₀无明显变化。予25、50、75、100、125Hz频率刺激膈肌时,糖尿病大鼠膈肌张力明显低于对照组。在膈肌疲劳后予氨茶碱浸浴膈肌,再予25、50、75、100和125Hz频率分别刺激膈肌,糖尿病大鼠膈肌张力均明显低于对照组。H.E及Heidenhain法染色可见糖尿病大鼠膈肌萎缩,肌横纹模糊。标准脱氢酶染色法显示糖尿病大鼠膈肌α-甘油磷酸脱氢酶呈弱阳性,光密度明显低于对照组(P＜0.01)。结论:糖尿病4周大鼠膈肌出现收缩功能减弱、易疲劳和结构破坏。     

高糖危象患者血清瘦素和氧化应激的关系

Objective To investigate the relationship between the levels of serum leptin and oxidative stress in patients with hyperglycemia crisis. Methods A total of 96 patients with diabetic ketoaeidosis (DKA) and nonketotic hyperglycemia (NKH) were treated on a low-dose insulin protocol using intravenous infusion of insulin with the established rate of 0.1U·kg-1·h-1,with the patients on intravenous fluids and receiving nutrition by mouth and vein. The levels of serum leptin, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in 96 patients with hyperglycemia crisis on admission and after insulin therapy with resolution of hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis (72 hours) were measured. Another 35 healthy individuals served as normal control. Results The activities of SOD, TAC and the levels of leptin before treatment were lower in patients with hyperglycemia crisis than in normal controls, and the levels of MDA and 8-iso-PGF2a were more markedly elevated than those in normal controls (all P<0. 05). The activities of SOD, TAC and the levels of leptin in patients after treatment were significantly higher than those in patients before treatment, and the levels of MDA and 8-iso-PGF2a. were significantly lower than those in patients on admission (all P<0. 05). There was significant positive correlation between leptin and MDA in patients before treatment (r=0. 38, P<0. 05), and the level of leptin was negatively correlated with MDA and 8-iso-PGF2a in patients after treatment (r1 = - 0. 35, r2= - 0. 37, both P < 0. 05). In stepwise regression analysis, MDA and 8-iso-PGF2α showed a significant association with leptin. Conclusion The levels of leptin are significantly lowered in patients with hyperglycemia crisis. Oxidative stress may participate in determining the leptin level in hyperglycemia crisis.     

Graves‘病患者血清GAD—Ab含量的测定

目的：研究谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GAD-Ab)与Graves＇病病程及浸润性突眼的关系。方法：用ELISA法测定51例Graves＇病患者血清中的GAD-Ab。结果：20例阳性，阳性率39.2％，其中病程＜6月组，GAD-Ab阳性率7.7％，明显低于病程＞6月组(P＜0.01)，Graves′病并浸润性突眼组，阳性率为57.7％，明显高于非浸润性突眼组(P＜0.01)。结论：GAD-Ab的测定有助于了解Graves＇病病程及监测浸润性突眼。