微创内固定系统在膝关节周围复杂骨折治疗中的应用

目的探讨AO微创内固定系统(less invasive stab ilization system,LISS)治疗膝关节周围复杂骨折的效果。方法2004年4月~2005年6月对15例干骺端闭合性膝关节周围复杂骨折(左侧9例,右侧6例),分别应用股骨远端LISS或胫骨近端LISS行内固定治疗。结果15例随访5~26个月,平均13.2月。完全负重时间为12~26周,X线骨愈合时间11~24周,无延迟愈合及骨不连。浅表感染1例,皮肤水疱2例,经换药后愈合。无深部感染及皮肤坏死,无骨筋膜室综合征。Johner-W ruhs方法评价功能优11例、良3例、中1例,以优良为满意标准,本组满意率为93.3%(14/15)。1例C3型胫骨平台骨折在术后2周出现胫骨内侧骨块明显移位伴髁间分离,二次手术在胫骨平台内侧加以支撑钢板固定,术后20周骨折愈合,功能评价为良;1例C3型胫骨平台骨折在术后8周出现膝内翻(胫骨平台内翻角为82°),术后20周骨折愈合,功能评价为中。结论LISS适用于单处股骨远端、胫骨近端骨折及骨质疏松性股骨干远端骨折的治疗;对于胫骨平台C3型骨折内侧平台粉碎严重时,不能过分依赖LISS系统,或将接骨板置于内侧,而应该考虑在内侧辅助支撑钢板。     

血管性勃起功能障碍动物模型的建立

目的探索建立血管性勃起功能障碍(ED)动物模型。方法雄性新西兰大白兔给予胆固醇及高脂饮食,同时用球囊导管损伤双侧髂内动脉内皮。测定术后4周、8周血脂并观察阴茎勃起情况、交配情况,同时用阴茎海绵体注射盐酸罂粟碱、阴茎血管双核素检查、髂内动脉数字减影造影(DSA)等方法研究勃起功能。结果与对照组相比,术后4周、8周模型组动物出现明显高脂血症,勃起程度明显下降,交配实验的各项观察指标均显著降低(P＜0.01),动脉造影显示双侧髂内动脉管腔直径明显缩小,双核素检查动脉显像指数(PIA)及静脉显像指数(PIV)明显降低,但第4周的模型组与对照组PIV结果没有统计学差异(P＞0.05)。结论高脂、高胆固醇饮食同时用球囊导管扩张动物髂内动脉,可以加速模型的形成,从而用于血管性ED的进一步研究。     

微波干燥法对腊叶标本压制的实验研究

目的：寻求一种不受气候条件影响而能成功制作腊叶标本的新技术。方法：采用微波干燥法，即用微波炉，由创制的直径31cm瓦楞纸板、吸水纸与玻璃皿组成的压制程序进行微波干燥。结果：微波干燥法可用于腊叶标本压制，且优于传统的常规腊叶标本压制方法。结论：本研究为腊叶标本的制作提供了一个新方法，收到了便捷、高效、且保色的理想效果。     

艺术嗓音歌声客观评价初探

目的探讨客观评价艺术嗓音歌声的方法。方法对48名声乐专业青年大学生录制专业训练歌声信号,提取歌声平均能量、频率误差、音域误差作为评价参数,使用神经网络方法和多元线性回归方法客观评价歌声质量,并与资深专业教师的主观评价进行比较。结果客观评价歌声质量的方法中,神经网络方法误差在4%之内,而线性回归方法误差在6%之内,前者较优。结论神经网络方法利用评价参数能正确客观评价歌声质量,有助于科学地指导选拔和训练艺术嗓音人才。     

The role of endotoxin in the pathogenesis of experimental multiple system organ failure: a preliminary report.

In this study, an animal model of multiple system organ failure (MSOF) in rabbits, engendered by feeding E. coli prior to severe hemorrhagic shock, was used for the purpose of investigating 1) the relationship between lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and MSOF, and 2) the effectiveness of Re-LPS antiserum in preventing MSOF. The results showed that endotoxemia occurred very early, and its degree correlated well with that of organ dysfunction. Re-LPS antiserum administration abated the toxic effects and lowered the incidence of MSOF. These results suggest that sequential analysis of circulating LPS levels may be useful for the early diagnosis of MSOF, and that gut-derived endotoxin might play an important role in the pathogenesis of experimental MSOF.     

岛状皮瓣静脉淤血再通后对大鼠全身情况的影响

目的：探讨岛状皮瓣静脉淤血再通后对全身多脏器的影响。方法：按静脉淤血时间的不同将大鼠分为4组。观察耳部微循环的改变，测量术后肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα），白细胞介素10（IL－10）的动态变化，观察心，肺，肝，肾，小肠及耳部血管等组织结构及中性粒细胞浸润数目。结果：皮瓣原位缝合组及静脉淤血2h组，耳部微循环、TNFα、IL-10浓度基本保持不变，各脏器结构改变较轻，中性粒细胞浸润数目少。静脉淤血6、10h组，微循环，肺，小肠，血管则有明显组织学改变，大量中性粒细胞浸润其中，但心，肝，肾组织学改变较轻。TNFα浓度再灌注1h达到高峰，其后逐渐下降，IL－10浓度3h达到最低，然后逐渐上升。结论：皮瓣静脉淤血再通后可造成肺、小肠及血管器官损伤，静脉淤血时间越长，再通后则损伤程度越重。全身微循环的改变，中性粒细胞在肺、小肠中的浸润，与血管内皮细胞的粘附及细胞因子TNFα与IL－10的浓度失衡是重要的操作原因。     

NK／LAK细胞对人口腔癌耐细胞药株杀伤活性的观察

OBJECTIVE: To understand the relation between cytotoxic activity of immunologic effector cells and multidrug resistance of the tumor cells. METHODS: Continuous observation of the morphological changes and MTT colorimetry were employed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and natural killer (NK) cells against multidrug-resistant (MDR) human oral carcinoma cell line-KBV200 (before and after reversal of MDR) and parental drug-sensitive cell line KB. The morphologic changes of LAK cells and the 3 target cell lines were observed continuously under inverted microscope 3 h after co-culture of LAK cells with one of three target cell lines respectively. The lysis rates of three tumor cell lines in response to co-culture with LAK or NK cells were determined using MTT colorimetry. RESULTS: In comparison with the parental drug-sensitive cell line KB, both KBV200 and its reserved cell line by verapamil (KBVV) showed earlier adherence and greater number of cells lysed by LAK. In MTT colorimetry assay, the cytotoxicity of both LAK and NK cells against the 3 cell lines was associated with the effector-to-target (E/T) cell ratio; the lysis rates of KBV200 and reversed KBV200 cells by verapamil in response to LAK and NK cells were higher than that of KB cells (P<0.05), but KBV200 and KBVV did not significantly differ (P>0.05). At the same E/T ratio, LAK cells possessed stronger cytotoxicity than NK cells against all the tumor cell lines (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Immunologic effector cells possess strong cytotoxic activity against multidrug-resistant cell line KBV200. Modulation of MDR does not decrease the cytotoxic activity of the immunologic effector cells. The results of this study suggest that adoptive cell immunotherapy with immunologic effector cells may be of value in controlling the progress of MDR tumors.     

酪氨酸激酶抑制剂对气管上皮细胞生长的影响

目的探讨酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(Tyrosine kinase inhibitor,TKI)对培养气管上皮细胞生长的影响.方法通过MMT法、3H-胸腺嘧啶(3H-TdR)掺入法及流式细胞计数,观察3种TKIs:Tyrphostin AG1478、Genistein(Sigma)及金转停对原代培养的大鼠气管上皮细胞增殖、周期及凋亡的影响,以及TKIs对表皮生长因子(EGF)的阻断作用.结果MTT法显示3种TKI均对气管上皮细胞的生长具有时间和剂量依赖性抑制作用,同时,TKI阻断EGF对气管上皮细胞生长的刺激作用,3种TKIs的作用无明显差异;1μmol/L的Tyrphostin AG1478、Genistein及金转停分别使气管上皮细胞的TdR掺入率降低18.3%、20.9%及19.7%,与MTT比色法结果一致.同时,Tyrphostin AG1478不仅加速气管上皮细胞的凋亡而且阻止细胞有丝分裂.TKIs可阻断表皮生长因子(EGF)对气管上皮细胞生长的刺激作用.结论TKIs不仅抑制对原代培养的大鼠气管上皮细胞的生长,加速其凋亡,而且可阻断EGF对气管上皮细胞生长的刺激作用,3种抑制剂的作用无明显差异.     

日本血吸虫磷酸丙糖异构酶编码基因的克隆与序列测定

目的克隆和鉴定日本血吸虫磷酸丙糖异构酶(SjTPI)编码基因,为寻找血吸虫病的候选疫苗联合应用打基础.方法设计合成引物,抽提日本血吸虫成虫总RNA,用RT-PCR法从中扩增出SjTPI基因编码序列,将其克隆入pGEM-T载体,用双酶切、以重组质粒为模板进行PCR扩增和测序进行鉴定.结果 RT-PCR法从成虫总RNA中扩增出大小为759 bp SjTPI基因编码序列,重组质粒pGEM-SjTPI经双酶切、PCR扩增,均可获得一条与RT-PCR产物一致的DNA片段,序列测定结果表明具有一个长度为759 bp的完整开放阅读框,与日本血吸虫(菲律宾株)和曼氏血吸虫磷酸丙糖异构酶核苷酸序列有高度同源性(分别为99%和88%).结论该实验成功地克隆了SjTPI编码基因,为进一步研究提供了条件.