新冠肺炎疫情下艾灸防治帕金森病的临床应用分析＊

帕金森病（Parkinson''s disease，PD）是仅次于阿尔茨海默病的世界第二大神经系统退行性疾病，随着老龄化社会的到来，PD患病率呈明显上升趋势。全球爆发的新型冠状病毒肺炎（简称新冠肺炎）是一种急性传染性疾病，严重威胁人们的身体健康和生命安全。PD患者大多为老年人且合并有基础疾病，体质普遍较弱，是新冠肺炎的易感人群，一旦染病则发展为重症的风险很高。中医艾灸疗法在治疗PD及防治疫病方面发挥了很好的辅助治疗效果。通督扶阳灸法联合强壮穴艾灸治疗，既可以帮助PD患者改善临床症状，延缓病情进展，又可以提高机体免疫功能，增强抗病能力而防治新冠肺炎。     

The Relationship between College Graduate’s Dual Self-Consciousness and Job Search Clarity: The Mediating Role of Perceived Stress

The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between college graduates’ dual self-consciousness, job search clarity and perceived stress, and reveal the mediating role of perceived stress between dual self-consciousness and job search clarity. In this study, 467 college graduates were investigated using the Dual Self-Consciousness Scale, Job Search Clarity Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale. After controlling for gender, age, and region, the results revealed that: (1) private self-consciousness has a significant positive predictive effect on job search clarity; (2) perceived stress has a significant negative predictive effect on job search clarity; (3) perceived stress plays partial mediation effects between private self-consciousness and job search clarity; (4) perceived stress plays complete mediation effects between public self-consciousness and job search clarity; (5) perceived stress has suppressing effects between public self-consciousness and job search clarity.     

Feasibility of monitoring peripheral blood to detect emerging clones in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia†

Relapse‐enriched somatic variants drive drug resistance in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We used digital droplet‐based polymerase chain reaction to establish whether relapse‐enriched mutations in emerging subclones could be detected in peripheral blood samples before frank relapse. Although limitations in sensitivity for some probes hindered detection of certain variants, we successfully detected variants in NT5C2 and PRPS1 at a fractional abundance of 0.005% to 0.3%, 41 to 116 days before relapse. As mutations in both these genes confer resistance to thiopurines, early detection protocols using peripheral blood could be implemented to preemptively alter maintenance therapy to extinguish resistant clones before overt relapse.     

Experimental animal models of pancreatic carcinogenesis and metastasis

Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease characterized by early metastasis, local invasion, and resistance to conventional therapies. To understand its etiology and eventually make prevention of it possible and effective, appropriate carcinogenesis models will certainly help us understand the effects of environmental and genetic elements on pancreatic carcinogenesis. The development of new treatment strategies to control cancer metastasis is of immediate urgency. Fulfillment of this task relies on our knowledge of the cellular and molecular biology of pancreatic cancer metastasis and the availability of biologically and clinically relevant model systems. Many of the existing pancreatic cancer carcinogenesis and metastasis animal models are described in this review. The advantages and disadvantages of each model and their clinical implications are discussed, and special attention is focused on experimental therapeutic strategies targeting pancreatic cancer metastasis.     

左旋布比卡因腰-硬联合阻滞在下肢手术的应用

目的探讨0.75%左旋布比卡因用于蛛网膜下隙阻滞的临床效果及安全性。方法随机选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级的40例骨科下肢手术患者(股骨干及髋关节大手术的患者),随机均分成两组:L组腰麻用药为0.75%左旋布比卡因15mg,容量为2.5ml;B组腰麻用药为0.75%布比卡因,剂量及容量同L组。术中必要时经硬膜外导管注入2%利多卡因。术中监测BP、HR、SpO2、RR的变化并观察围术期不良反应的发生。结果两组最高阻滞平面及到达时间、麻醉持续时间、肌松效果及达到最大肌松效果时间差异均无显著意义。两组均无神经系统的不良反应。结论0.75%左旋布比卡因用于腰-硬联合麻醉骨科下肢手术安全有效,效果与0.75%布比卡因相比差异无显著意义。     

HLA markers in familial Lichen Sclerosus

Background: Lichen sclerosus (LS) has been identified with increased frequency in families,often associated with HLA markers, mainly DQ7. A genetic co‐etiology seems likely in this setting. Moreover, there is an association of LS with autoimmune disorders, such as the presence of anti‐thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies (anti‐TPO), a hallmark of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Patients and Methods: In 3 families affected by LS, we verified their HLA markers, and identified previously undiagnosed cases of LS and autoimmune disorders. 30 individuals were examined with history, skin biopsy, HLA class I and II typing by PCR‐SSP, and measurement of anti‐TPO, free thyroxine and thyroidstimulating hormones (TSH) levels. Results: There were 8 cases of LS, 50 % of them anti‐TPO+. Autoimmune disorders were found in 40 % (total) and in 87.5 % of those affected. Most common HLA markers were B*15, B*57, CW*03, CW*07, CW*18, DRB1*04, DRB1*07, DRB4*. The three latter have been previously associated with LS. Conclusion: New cases of LS and autoimmune disorders can be detected in first degree relatives of patients with LS. The presence of anti‐TPO antibodies strongly suggests autoimmune thyroiditis. There is intra‐familial association between the haplotype HLA‐B*15 ‐DRB1*04 ‐DRB4* and anti‐TPO,emphasizing their link with thyroiditis. New familial approaches might help to make clear the pathogenesis of LS and its association with autoimmune diseases.     

女性冠心病危险因素观察与分析

目的探讨女性冠心病危险因素对女性冠心病发病率的影响。方法1000例内科门诊常规体检的45岁￣78岁女性,依据不同的危险因素分组,进行有危险因素及无危险因素组患病率比较;并将以上1000例按有无冠心病分为两组,比较两组平均血糖、血脂、CRP值。结果有家族史、绝经、肥胖、高血压、高血糖、吸烟、高脂饮食、体力活动减少者均较无以上因素者冠心病患病率高,并且P值均<0.05。结论家族史、绝经、肥胖、高血压以及糖尿病及糖耐量异常、吸烟、高脂饮食、体力活动减少均是冠心病危险因素,打鼾、长期口服避孕药、A型性格是否为冠心病危险因素不确定,可能与研究对象少有关。     

快速供肝切取与修整的外科技巧

目的总结肝脏移植供肝的快速切取和修整经验。方法分析2004年共186例快速供肝的切取和修整的资料。快速切取技术采用原位腹主动脉、肠系膜上静脉灌注附加下腔静脉引流，快速切取供肝，4℃UW液中保存和修整肝脏。结果供肝热缺血时间为3～10min，平均4．5min；冷缺血时间平均为3-16h，平均7h。供肝的修整时间为26～90min，平均46min。供肝修整时发现肝动脉解剖变异20例。结论快速供肝切取法要求术者技术娴熟、动作迅速和准确，可最大限度地减少供肝热缺血时间。快速切取法能保证供肝的质量和确保供肝切取的成功。     

可否允许器官买卖?——来自道义论和后果论的挑战

主要从道义论和后果论角度反对器官买卖，并提出可供参考的建议。器官买卖将人体器官商品化，侵犯了人的价值，同时，在器官买卖中卖者的自主性和知情同意是难以做到的；器官买卖足以使器官移植技术只为少数有钱人服务，变成富人的专利，加剧了社会的不平等，会导致富人对穷人的剥削。并在论证当中分别反驳了国外颇为流行的观点。