胸椎管狭窄症硬膜骨化的手术策略

目的 探讨胸椎管狭窄症硬膜骨化的手术治疗策略并观察其疗效.方法 2004年1月至2008年6月共收治胸椎管狭窄症患者108例,经手术证实硬膜骨化29例.男19例,女10例;年龄42～74岁,平均56.4岁.病程2～48个月,平均13个月.发生于上胸段(T1～T4)4例,中胸段(T5～T8)5例,下胸段(T9～T12)20例.29例硬膜骨化患者均行后路椎板切除术.16例切开硬膜将骨化硬膜和骨化黄韧带一并切除;13例去薄椎板和致压骨块,最终使硬膜膨胀漂浮,硬膜表面带有部分骨化的残迹.术后1、3、12个月随访时进行日本矫形外科学会(JOA)评分.结果 平均手术时间140 min,平均出血量300 ml.16例切开硬膜者:11例术中修补,伤口放置引流管,24 h后拔除,7例出现脑脊液漏,3～5 d愈合;5例未修补硬膜,密集缝合肌层关闭伤口,术后伤口未放置引流管,脑脊液漏5～7 d愈合.13例漂浮法使硬膜膨胀的病例均未出现脑脊液漏.所有病例均未出现蛛网膜下腔感染,原有神经系统症状未加重.术后根据JOA评分改善率判定治疗结果:优22例,良5例,可2例.结论 对胸椎管狭窄症硬膜骨化采用切开硬膜将骨化的硬膜与骨化的黄韧带一并切除,以及去薄椎板和骨化块使硬膜漂浮膨胀的方法安全、可靠.手术疗效满意,硬膜骨化不影响手术预后,但增加手术的难度和风险.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the surgical strategies of thoracic spinal stenosis with dural ossification. Methods One-hundred and eight patients with thoracic spinal stenosis were treated. Dural ossification was found in 29 cases during operation from January 2004 to June 2008. There were 19 males and 10females, with an average age of 56.4 years (42-74 years). The course of disease was 13 months (2-48months). The lesion was located in T1-T4 in 4 cases, T5-T8 in 5 cases, and T9-T12 in 20 cases. All the patients were treated by posterior lamina resection. Both ossificated dural and ossificated yellow ligament were resected in 16 patients. Decompression was performed with partial ossification remaining on dural surface in 13 cases. JOA score was used to evaluate the outcomes 1, 3 and 12 months after operation. Results The average operation time was 140 min, and average bleeding was 300 ml. Dural incisions were repaired with a wound drainage in 11 cases. Seven cases appeared cerebrospinal fluid leakage which healed in 3-5 days.Dural incisions were not repaired without wound drainage in 5 cases. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred in these cases healed in 5-7 days. Thirteen cases treated with floating method did not appear cerebrospinal fluid leakage. All patients did not undergo subarachnoid infection and the aggravation of original nervous system symptoms. According to JOA score, all patients were evaluated as excellent in 22 cases, good in 5 and fair in 2 cases, and excellent and good rate was 93%. Conclusion For thoracic spinal stenosis with dural ossification, resection of both ossificated dural and ossificated yellow ligament and complete decompression with partial ossification remaining on dural surface is safe and reliable. Dural ossification does not influence the prognosis, but increase operative difficulty and risk.     

中西医结合非手术治疗Mu外翻

Mu外翻是极为常见的足疾，魏肇安等报告青年大学生Mu外翻10°～15°之间者，男29．4～33．3％，女36．6～38．4％，中年及老年患者更为多见。本病患者约半数有家族遗传。Lake认为第一跖骨的内翻畸形是本病的主要原因。此外，长期穿尖瘦型鞋，特别是高跟鞋，行走时足前部分受力,大Mu趾被挤向外侧，促使本病加重。长久站立足横弓减小也是病因之一。Mu外翻的手术治疗方法及各类报告很多，但使用中西医结合的非手术治疗未见报导。     

环锯切除骨原位直立移植在颈椎前路减压融合术中的应用

目的 探讨环锯减压切除骨可否替代髂骨进行颈椎前路单一节段减压融合术中的自体骨移植融合操作。方法 回顾性分析了 30例单一节段受累的脊髓型颈椎病病例,采用经颈椎前路环锯减压、骨原位直立移植融合术,治疗脊髓型颈椎病并观察其临床效果。平均随访 4.75年,按 JOA评分及 Hirabayashi等恢复率评定手术效果,颈椎正、侧位及屈、伸侧位 X线检查判定融合效果。结果 随访时,手术效果优 15例 (50％ )、良 11例 (36.7％ )、可 3例 (10％ )、差 1例 (3.3％ ),优良率达 86.7％。经 X线检查证实融合率为 100％,植骨块无移位、脱落,颈椎曲度仅有部分丧失。结论 颈椎前路环锯减压切除骨可替代其他方式的自体骨进行移植融合术。此术式操作简便,融合率高,术后颈椎曲度虽有部分丧失,但不影响手术效果,随访时手术效果无减退。     

苏州传统园林艺术的空间形态

生活空间的景观构筑是苏州传统园林的空间本质追求,且园林与容器之间在空间内涵上具备相似性。苏州传统园林的空间既是五维情态空间,亦充满着人与自然互适,而非对峙的生态建筑之精神,它实乃承载生命方式与价值观之永续经典。     

"微创"操作减压术治疗胸椎管狭窄症

目的：探讨后路“微创”操作减压术治疗胸椎管狭窄症的疗效。方法：对68例胸椎管狭窄疗患者采用“削薄”、“打磨”、“漂浮”、“蚕食”等微创操作行后路椎板切除椎管减压术，术后随访1-8年(平均20个月)，根据脊髓功能评分进行疗效综合评价。结果：68例患者中优27例(39．7％)，良24例(35．2％)，可10例(14．7％)，差7例(10．2％)，优良率为75．0％。疗效差的7例患者中2例为脊髓压迫时间过长导致不可逆性脊髓损伤；3例为外院术后疗效不佳于我院行二次手术；2例为胸椎管狭窄合并颈脊髓压迫症患者。结论：后路“微创”操作减压术是治疗胸椎管狭窄症的一种安全、有效、可行的手术方法．     

冠状弹簧式颅骨牵引弓的研制及临床应用

冠状弹簧式颅骨牵引弓的研制及临床应用邰杰，郭世绂，张义修在颈椎创伤及其病理疾患的治疗中，人们多沿用Ｃｒｕｔｃｈｆｉｅｌｄ氏颅骨牵引弓，使用前需先在顶骨上钻孔，牵引中要随时旋紧旋钮，以防止其自行脱落，而且常出现钳尖自行芽透颅骨内板，诱发感染的危险情况。...