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51.
52.
Grazyna Bednarek-Tupikowska Alicja Filus Justyna Kuliczkowska-P?aksej Krzysztof Tupikowski Anna Bohdanowicz-Pawlak Andrzej Milewicz 《Gynecological endocrinology》2006,22(4):207-212
AIM: The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of endogenous estradiol and estrogen and estrogen-progestin therapies on concentration in pre- and postmenopausal women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study groups consisted of 26 women with surgical menopause (mean+/-standard deviation (SD): age 51.8+/-2.6 years, body mass index (BMI) 26.45+/-4.56 kg/m(2)), 54 with natural menopause (mean+/-SD: age 50.5+/-3.0 years, BMI 25.75+/-4.09 kg/m(2)) and 40 premenopausal controls (mean+/-SD: age 48.3+/-2.3 years, BMI 26.23+/-4.12 kg/m(2)). The group with surgical menopause received estradiol transdermally (50 microg/day) and those with natural menopause received additionally medroxyprogesterone acetate (5 mg/day) for the last 12 days of the cycle. Before and after 4 months of therapy, body weight, waist and hip circumferences and blood pressure were measured, and BMI and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were calculated. Serum leptin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E(2)), testosterone, prolactin and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were measured prior to and after treatment. RESULTS: Leptin concentrations did not differ statistically among the groups. No correlations between leptin and E(2), FSH, prolactin, testosterone and DHEAS concentrations were found in any of the groups before and after treatment. Leptin level correlated positively with body mass, BMI and hip and waist circumferences in all groups. There were no correlations between leptin and WHR in the pre- and postmenopausal groups. In the premenopausal group and in some postmenopausal groups, serum leptin level correlated with blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: Endogenous E(2) and androgens in premenopausal women and estrogen and estrogen-progestin therapies in postmenopausal subjects do not influence serum leptin concentrations. Leptin level is related to body mass and BMI, but not to sex hormone status. The distribution of adipose tissue and the type of obesity (android or gynoid) have no influence on serum leptin concentration. The correlation between serum leptin level and blood pressure requires further investigation. 相似文献
53.
β-胡萝卜素立体异构体对环磷酰胺处理小鼠免疫功能的比较研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
就β-胡萝卜素立体异构体对环磷酰胺处理小鼠的免疫功能影响进行了比较研究。结果显示β-胡萝卜素立体异构体对外磷酰胺造成的免疫功能低下具有不同程度的改善作用,提高胸腺和脾脏指数,增强脾脏细胞对刀豆素A(ConA)的反应性和NK活性,血清溶菌酶含量也有所增加。综合各项指标,9-顺式和全反式混合物的作用最明显,提示一定浓度的9-顺式对于提高β-胡萝卜素对机体的总体作用是有一定意义的。 相似文献
54.
David A. Hughes Graham C. Smith Joyce E. Davidson Anna V. Murphy T. James Beattie 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1996,10(4):445-447
. Neutrophil-mediated tissue damage has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diarrhoea-associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome
(D+ HUS). This study evaluates priming and activation of the neutrophil oxidative burst in D+ HUS using chemiluminescent techniques.
Peripheral blood neutrophils from 11 children with acute D+ HUS were examined. No difference was found in the oxidative burst
of neutrophils from patients and controls. Serum elastase levels were measured in 8 patients and found to be significantly
elevated. Although elastase results suggest neutrophil activation, chemiluminescence studies do not confirm this in the peripheral
blood neutrophil. This does not support a significant role for circulating agents in priming and activating the peripheral
blood neutrophil.
Received August 17, 1995; received in revised form and accepted November 27, 1995 相似文献
55.
Twenty-eight members of the general public, with little nutritional knowledge and no previous commitment to dietary change, completed 7-day-weighed dietary diaries. They then attempted to change their diets, where appropriate, in line with current nutritional guidelines.
The panel achieved changes in diet that were consistent with the recent recommendations but several problems arose. In particular, although fat levels were reduced, energy levels fell and fibre goals were not reached; in addition, certain of the initial vitamin and mineral intakes gave cause for concern. These results emphasize the importance of giving advice not only about foods that might be reduced in the diet, but also about food that might be used as alternatives. They also illustrate the difficulty of persuading people to make radical changes to their eating habits even when given personal advice from a nutritionist.
The panel was small and not necessarily representative, but the results illustrate the need for more dietary analysis studies. It is not enough simply to formulate appropriate guidelines from a nutritional point of view; it is also important to ensure that the public understands them and that people make sensible decisions about their diet. 相似文献
The panel achieved changes in diet that were consistent with the recent recommendations but several problems arose. In particular, although fat levels were reduced, energy levels fell and fibre goals were not reached; in addition, certain of the initial vitamin and mineral intakes gave cause for concern. These results emphasize the importance of giving advice not only about foods that might be reduced in the diet, but also about food that might be used as alternatives. They also illustrate the difficulty of persuading people to make radical changes to their eating habits even when given personal advice from a nutritionist.
The panel was small and not necessarily representative, but the results illustrate the need for more dietary analysis studies. It is not enough simply to formulate appropriate guidelines from a nutritional point of view; it is also important to ensure that the public understands them and that people make sensible decisions about their diet. 相似文献
56.
Monolateral hypoplasia of the motor vagal nuclei in a case of sudden infant death syndrome 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Veronica Macchi Rossella Snenghi Raffaele De Caro Anna Parenti 《Journal of anatomy》2002,200(2):195-198
During the development of motor vagal nuclei (MVN), the neuroblasts of the myeloencephalic basal plate migrate in the dorsolateral direction to form the dorsal motor vagal nucleus (DMVN) and ventrolaterally to form the ventral motor vagal nucleus (VMVN). Those neuroblasts that remain close to the median sulcus will form the hypoglossal nucleus. In support of the congenital origin of the alteration of the MVN in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), we report the case of an 8‐month‐old female child who was found dead in her cot. The neuropathological assessment revealed that the medullary triangle of the 4th ventricle floor was asymmetric, owing to the presence of three prominences to the left side of the median sulcus. The medial prominence corresponded to the hypoglossal nucleus, which showed a marked increase in the number of large neurons; the intermediate prominence corresponded to the DMVN whose large neurons were reduced and were recognizable mainly at the level of the medial fringe; the lateral prominence corresponded to the solitary nucleus. The left solitary tract showed a reduction of the transverse diameter. Also, the left VMVN showed marked reduction in the number of neurons. Inflammatory and astrocytic reactions were absent. We suggest that in SIDS cases the hypocellularity of the MVN and the increased number of neurons of the hypoglossal nucleus are intimately related, indicating a congenital alteration due to incomplete migration of the vagal neuroblasts with abnormality of the autonomic cardio‐respiratory control. 相似文献
57.
Lucio Posteraro Fabrizio Pezzoni Emilio Varalda Gloria Fugazza Anna Mazzucchi 《Journal of neurology》1991,238(6):337-339
Summary A patient who developed a unilateral opercular syndrome following a cerebrovascular accident is described. Computed tomography showed that the lesion did not affect the opercular cortex, but involved deep white matter and the head of the caudate nucleus of the left hemisphere. Persistent hypophonia and transient aphasia were associated. Comparison with previous cases is discussed. 相似文献
58.
Kamil Torres Anna Torres Grzegorz J. Staśkiewicz Andrzej Chrościcki Tadeusz Łoś Ryszard Maciejewski 《Surgical endoscopy》2009,23(9):2117-2123
Background Surgical procedures enhance production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors that play a pivotal
role in the immunological response to surgical trauma and take part in the pathogenesis of tumor growth and adhesions formation.
The purpose of the study was to access the influence of low-pressure CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the inflammatory and angiogenic responses during the postoperative period after laparoscopy.
Methods The study group consisted of 40 patients, operated on due to cholelithiasis using standard-pressure (n = 20) and low-pressure (n = 20) CO2 pneumoperitoneum. Serum concentration of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, and
endostatin were measured before and at 6, 24, and 48 h after surgery with commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA).
Results Concentrations of IL-6 increased significantly after the operations in both groups. No differences were observed between the
groups in regards to IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 levels. Concentrations of VEGF-A measured at 6 and 48 h were significantly lower
in patients who underwent laparoscopies performed with low-pressure pneumoperitoneum. No significant variations were observed
in endostatin serum concentration. Concentrations of the studied parameters were not influenced by duration of surgery or
by age, gender, or body mass index (BMI) of the patients.
Conclusions The results obtained in our study do not show any significant differences between studied operative procedures with regards
to systemic inflammatory response. Changes in the concentrations of VEGF-A and endostatin observed in the studied population
may suggest this technique is more favorable with regards to angiogenesis process intensity, along with all its consequences
and implications. 相似文献
59.
Anna Krygowska-Wajs William P. Cheshire Zbigniew K. Wszolek Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk Barbara Jasinska-Myga Matthew J. Farrer Marek Moskala Anna Sowa-Staszczak 《Parkinsonism & related disorders》2009,15(9):692-696
ObjectiveTo assess for the presence of gastric dysmotility in familial and sporadic Parkinson disease (PD).Methods10 subjects with familial Parkinson disease (fPD), 35 subjects with sporadic Parkinson disease (sPD), and 15 controls, all from academic tertiary care movement disorders centers, were studied. fPD was defined as the presence of at least 2 affected individuals within 2–3 consecutive generations in a family. Molecular genetic analysis has not revealed, thus far, any known genomic abnormality in these families. Gastric emptying was assessed by dynamic abdominal scintigraphy over 92 min following ingestion of a solid meal containing 99mTc-labeled colloid of 40 MBq activity. The main outcome measures were gastric emptying half-time and radiotracer activity over the gastric area at 46 and at 92 min.ResultsGastric emptying time was delayed in 60% of subjects with PD. In comparison to mean t1/2 of 38 ± 7 min in controls, mean t1/2 was 58 ± 25 min in fPD (p = 0.02) and 46 ± 25 min in sPD (p = 0.10). Both fPD and sPD groups included subjects with delayed gastric emptying at an early stage of disease.ConclusionsPatients with fPD showed significantly delayed gastric emptying in comparison to normal age-matched individuals. Further studies of gastrointestinal dysfunction in PD, particularly fPD, are warranted. 相似文献
60.
Rickard Köhnke Andreas Lindqvist Nathanael Göransson Sinan C. Emek Per‐Åke Albertsson Jens F. Rehfeld Anna Hultgårdh‐Nilsson Charlotte Erlanson‐Albertsson 《Phytotherapy research : PTR》2009,23(12):1778-1783
Thylakoids are membranes isolated from plant chloroplasts which have previously been shown to inhibit pancreatic lipase/colipase catalysed hydrolysis of fat in vitro and induce short‐term satiety in vivo. The purpose of the present study was to examine if dietary supplementation of thylakoids could affect food intake and body weight during long‐term feeding in mice. Female apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice were fed a high‐fat diet containing 41% of fat by energy with and without thylakoids for 100 days. Mice fed the thylakoid‐enriched diet had suppressed food intake, body weight gain and body fat compared with the high‐fat fed control mice. Reduced serum glucose, serum triglyceride and serum free fatty acid levels were found in the thylakoid‐treated animals. The satiety hormone cholecystokinin was elevated, suggesting this hormone mediates satiety. Leptin levels were reduced, reflecting a decreased fat mass. There was no sign of desensitization in the animals treated with thylakoids. The results suggest that thylakoids are useful to suppress appetite and body weight gain when supplemented to a high‐fat food during long‐term feeding. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献