甲状腺结节性病变中组织因子途径抑制剂-2、跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶和基质金属蛋白酶-1蛋白的表达及意义

组织因子途径抑制剂-2(tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2,TFPI-2)可与基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinases,MMPs)及MMPs前体结合,抑制MMPs及跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶(transmembrane protease serine 4,TMPRSS4)等对细胞外基质的破坏作用[1-2].本研究采用免疫组化(IHC)方法检测结节性甲状腺肿、甲状腺滤泡状腺瘤和甲状腺乳头状癌中TFPI-2、TMPRSS4和MMP-1的表达及意义.     

乳腺手术患者围手术期抗生素应用分析

目的了解乳腺手术患者围手术期抗生素应用现状及合理性。方法对2010年1～12月335例乳腺手术患者围手术期抗生素应用进行回顾性调查。结果围手术期抗生素使用率为92.24%。围手术期抗生素主要以第一代头孢菌素类、喹诺酮类为主。第一代头孢菌素类使用率最高,为89.76%。二联用药应用率为1.62%,以单用为主。预防用药时机合理率为9.71%,术后用药时间普遍偏长且给药方式不尽合理。结论乳腺科围手术期抗菌药应用存在不合理现象,应建立有效的监督管理机制。     

强化降糖对2型糖尿病血管并发症的影响

目的:观察强化降糖治疗对2型糖尿病患者大血管和微血管并发症的影响.方法:选择具备大血管或微血管危险因素的55岁以上2型糖尿病患者61例,分为强化降糖组(n=33)和标准降糖组(n=28),相应给予降糖治疗,比较治疗后空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、晨尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(A/C)、血压和肌酐(Scr)的变化,对大血管并发症复合终点及微血管并发症复合终点进行评估.结果:治疗前后2组间差值相比.HbA1c、FBG、A/C、PSB、PDB和Scr差异有统计学意义(t分别为6.165、7.775、20.383、9.236、3.802和5.971,P均<0.001).大血管终点事件:标准组4例,强化组0例,2组间相比差异有统计学意义(P=0.039);标准组死亡3例,强化组0例,差异无统计学意义(P=0.091).2组均无严重低血糖发生.结论:强化降糖可降低微血管事件的发生.     

胰岛素泵治疗2型糖尿病效果观察

目的比较胰岛素泵(CSⅡ)和皮下多次注射胰岛素法(MSⅡ)治疗2型糖尿病(T2DM)的疗效和安全性。方法回顾性分析郑州大学第一附属医院2009年6月—2011年1月住院治疗的68例诊断为2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的临床资料,随机分为两组,分别给予胰岛素泵(CSⅡ)和皮下多次注射胰岛素法(MSⅡ)治疗,依据血糖水平调整胰岛素用量至血糖达标,观察两组患者血糖达标所用的时间、胰岛素用量及低血糖发生率。结果 CSⅡ组和MSⅡ组患者血糖达标时间为(5.50±1.54)d、(7.56±1.54)d,P<0.01;胰岛素用量(33.38±5.00)U、(36.88±4.75)U,P<0.01;低血糖发生率(0.03±0.01)%、(0.13±0.02),P<0.01。两组患者的血糖达标时间、胰岛素用量及低血糖发生率均有显著性统计学差异。结论 CSⅡ组患者血糖达标时间短,胰岛素用量少,低血糖发生率低。CSⅡ可以更快地控制血糖,安全性更高。     

肾动脉狭窄的诊断及治疗

肾动脉狭窄（RAS）可引起肾血管性高血压、缺血性肾病,最终致终末期肾病,而早期发现RAS并给予积极的治疗不但能纠正高血压而且能保护受损的肾功能。但因为患者多没有典型的体征,当出现高血压,尿蛋白,氮质血症时肾动脉狭窄已达到60%～70%以上,且一部分慢性肾动脉硬化病人因侧枝循环形成等原因无高血压、肾功能异常等表现,临床上很容易被忽视,因此临床医师做出正确的诊断及鉴别诊断并早期治疗就显得尤为重要。本文主要就RAS近几年的诊断及治疗现状加以综述。     

吸烟对精神分裂症男性患者精神病理症状的影响

Objective To compare the differences of psychopathologic symptoms between smokers and non-smokers in chronic and first-episode,drug-nalve schizophrenics.then it was attempted to explain the reasons why there is higher rate of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.Methods In all.427 male chronic schizophrenic patients(332 smokers and 95 non-smokers)and 63 male first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia(22 smokers and 41 non-smokers)were collected.All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Results In chronic patients.the item scores of poor rapport and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers(3.9 ±1.5 vs.4.4±1.7;3.6±1.6 vs.4.0±1.7.respectively,P＜0.05),and so was the total scores of PANSS negative subscale(24.0±8.2 vs.26.3±9.5).In first-episode.drug-ndive patients.the itern scores of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significant lower in smokers than non-smokers(2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.3:2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.4,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion It is suggested there are positive effects of cigarette smoking on the psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia,which misht be one of the mechanisms for higher rates of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.     

中职院校英语任务型教学法的探索与实践

以培养技能型人才为目标的职业教育,旨在培养学生获得一种能满足某一种职业或工作需要的能力,而不仅仅是追求提高理论水平或获得学历。因此,中等职业教育英语教学的具体目标是通过学生完成各种各样的任务来实现的,他们需要用具体、特定的行动来完成一定的交际任务。在整个英语教学活动中,各种语言结构和语言功能与不同的学习任务应有机地结合起来。     

氯沙坦抑制糖基化终末产物刺激培养的人内皮细胞外基质基因的表达

目的 探讨氯沙坦防治糖尿病血管病变的作用机理。方法 用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和Northern印迹杂交方法测定了0.1～10 μmol·L^-1浓度的氯沙坦对经体外制备的糖基化终末代谢产物（AGEs）处理培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVECs）转化生长因子（TGF）-β₁和纤连蛋白（FN）基因表达的影响。结果 由AGEs处理的HUVECs TGF-β₁和FN mRNA表达较正常对照组明显增高；与AGEs组相比，TGF-β₁和FN mRNA的表达在氯沙坦1.0 μmol·L^-1时分别降低了29%和23%，10 μmol·L^-1时降低了56%和62%。结论 氯沙坦通过抑制AGEs刺激的内皮细胞TGF-β₁和FN mRNA表达，从而抑制细胞外基质的生成，防止血管重构可能是其防治糖尿病血管并发病的机理之一。     

吸烟对精神分裂症男性患者精神病理症状的影响

Objective To compare the differences of psychopathologic symptoms between smokers and non-smokers in chronic and first-episode,drug-nalve schizophrenics.then it was attempted to explain the reasons why there is higher rate of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.Methods In all.427 male chronic schizophrenic patients(332 smokers and 95 non-smokers)and 63 male first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia(22 smokers and 41 non-smokers)were collected.All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Results In chronic patients.the item scores of poor rapport and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers(3.9 ±1.5 vs.4.4±1.7;3.6±1.6 vs.4.0±1.7.respectively,P＜0.05),and so was the total scores of PANSS negative subscale(24.0±8.2 vs.26.3±9.5).In first-episode.drug-ndive patients.the itern scores of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significant lower in smokers than non-smokers(2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.3:2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.4,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion It is suggested there are positive effects of cigarette smoking on the psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia,which misht be one of the mechanisms for higher rates of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.     

吸烟对精神分裂症男性患者精神病理症状的影响

Objective To compare the differences of psychopathologic symptoms between smokers and non-smokers in chronic and first-episode,drug-nalve schizophrenics.then it was attempted to explain the reasons why there is higher rate of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.Methods In all.427 male chronic schizophrenic patients(332 smokers and 95 non-smokers)and 63 male first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia(22 smokers and 41 non-smokers)were collected.All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Results In chronic patients.the item scores of poor rapport and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers(3.9 ±1.5 vs.4.4±1.7;3.6±1.6 vs.4.0±1.7.respectively,P＜0.05),and so was the total scores of PANSS negative subscale(24.0±8.2 vs.26.3±9.5).In first-episode.drug-ndive patients.the itern scores of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significant lower in smokers than non-smokers(2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.3:2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.4,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion It is suggested there are positive effects of cigarette smoking on the psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia,which misht be one of the mechanisms for higher rates of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.