吸烟对精神分裂症男性患者精神病理症状的影响

Objective To compare the differences of psychopathologic symptoms between smokers and non-smokers in chronic and first-episode,drug-nalve schizophrenics.then it was attempted to explain the reasons why there is higher rate of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.Methods In all.427 male chronic schizophrenic patients(332 smokers and 95 non-smokers)and 63 male first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia(22 smokers and 41 non-smokers)were collected.All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Results In chronic patients.the item scores of poor rapport and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers(3.9 ±1.5 vs.4.4±1.7;3.6±1.6 vs.4.0±1.7.respectively,P＜0.05),and so was the total scores of PANSS negative subscale(24.0±8.2 vs.26.3±9.5).In first-episode.drug-ndive patients.the itern scores of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significant lower in smokers than non-smokers(2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.3:2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.4,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion It is suggested there are positive effects of cigarette smoking on the psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia,which misht be one of the mechanisms for higher rates of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.     

吸烟对慢性精神分裂症男性患者抗精神病药物副作用影响的研究

目的分析吸烟对精神分裂症患者抗精神病药物副作用的影响，探索精神分裂症高吸烟率的可能原因。方法收集慢性精神分裂症男性吸烟和非吸烟患者共427例，其中吸烟患者332例，非吸烟患者95例。使用锥体外系副作用反应量表（ARatingScaleforExtrapyramidalSideeffects，RSE—SE）评价患者抗精神病药物的副作用。结果精神分裂症吸烟和非吸烟组在RSESE总分及其各分条目得分上的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论精神分裂症患者的高吸烟率可能与吸烟对抗精神病药物副作用的影响无关。     

长期氯氮平治疗的男性精神分裂症病人身体质量指数与精神病理症状的关系

目的探讨长期氯氮平治疗男性精神分裂症病人的身体质量指数（BMI）与精神病理症状的关系。方法对222例长期氯氮平治疗的慢性男性精神分裂症病人进行横断面调查,检测病人的身高和体重,并记录病人服药情况。同时用PANSS量表检测其精神病理症状。结果与正常人群的BMI分布相比,长期氯氮平治疗病人超重和肥胖的比例明显增加（P〈0.05）。以BMI进行分组,肥胖、超重、正常体重组和低体重组之间PANSS阴性症状量表（P〈0.001）、一般病理症状量表（P〈0.05）和总分（P〈0.001）之间均存在显著差异。与正常体重组和低体重组相比,肥胖组和超重组在PANSS阴性症状量表、一般病理症状量表和总分上均较低（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。Pearson相关分析表明：BMI与PANSS总分（r=-0.248,df=222,P=0.000）PANSS阴性症状量表分（r=-0.256,df=222,P=0.000）和一般病理症状量表分均呈显著负相关（r=-0.19,df=222,P=0.004）,而与PANSS阳性症状无显著相关（P=0.23）。结论长期服用氯氮平的男性精神分裂症病人BMI明显增加;而且病人BMI越高,其临床症状、尤其是阴性症状和一般病理症状就越轻。     

吸烟对精神分裂症男性患者精神病理症状的影响

Objective To compare the differences of psychopathologic symptoms between smokers and non-smokers in chronic and first-episode,drug-nalve schizophrenics.then it was attempted to explain the reasons why there is higher rate of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.Methods In all.427 male chronic schizophrenic patients(332 smokers and 95 non-smokers)and 63 male first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia(22 smokers and 41 non-smokers)were collected.All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Results In chronic patients.the item scores of poor rapport and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers(3.9 ±1.5 vs.4.4±1.7;3.6±1.6 vs.4.0±1.7.respectively,P＜0.05),and so was the total scores of PANSS negative subscale(24.0±8.2 vs.26.3±9.5).In first-episode.drug-ndive patients.the itern scores of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significant lower in smokers than non-smokers(2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.3:2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.4,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion It is suggested there are positive effects of cigarette smoking on the psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia,which misht be one of the mechanisms for higher rates of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.     

焦虑障碍研究新进展

随着现代科学技术的进步,特别是脑影像技术的发展,对焦虑障碍的神经生物学基础的理解也发生了很大变化。通过对心理及神经生物学方法的综合应用,用于焦虑障碍的各种临床技术将进一步改进。以下对近年来焦虑障碍的研究进展进行讨论。     

吸烟对精神分裂症男性患者精神病理症状的影响

Objective To compare the differences of psychopathologic symptoms between smokers and non-smokers in chronic and first-episode,drug-nalve schizophrenics.then it was attempted to explain the reasons why there is higher rate of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.Methods In all.427 male chronic schizophrenic patients(332 smokers and 95 non-smokers)and 63 male first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia(22 smokers and 41 non-smokers)were collected.All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Results In chronic patients.the item scores of poor rapport and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers(3.9 ±1.5 vs.4.4±1.7;3.6±1.6 vs.4.0±1.7.respectively,P＜0.05),and so was the total scores of PANSS negative subscale(24.0±8.2 vs.26.3±9.5).In first-episode.drug-ndive patients.the itern scores of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significant lower in smokers than non-smokers(2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.3:2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.4,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion It is suggested there are positive effects of cigarette smoking on the psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia,which misht be one of the mechanisms for higher rates of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.     

吸烟对精神分裂症男性患者精神病理症状的影响

Objective To compare the differences of psychopathologic symptoms between smokers and non-smokers in chronic and first-episode,drug-nalve schizophrenics.then it was attempted to explain the reasons why there is higher rate of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.Methods In all.427 male chronic schizophrenic patients(332 smokers and 95 non-smokers)and 63 male first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia(22 smokers and 41 non-smokers)were collected.All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Results In chronic patients.the item scores of poor rapport and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers(3.9 ±1.5 vs.4.4±1.7;3.6±1.6 vs.4.0±1.7.respectively,P＜0.05),and so was the total scores of PANSS negative subscale(24.0±8.2 vs.26.3±9.5).In first-episode.drug-ndive patients.the itern scores of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significant lower in smokers than non-smokers(2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.3:2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.4,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion It is suggested there are positive effects of cigarette smoking on the psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia,which misht be one of the mechanisms for higher rates of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.     

吸烟对精神分裂症男性患者精神病理症状的影响

Objective To compare the differences of psychopathologic symptoms between smokers and non-smokers in chronic and first-episode,drug-nalve schizophrenics.then it was attempted to explain the reasons why there is higher rate of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.Methods In all.427 male chronic schizophrenic patients(332 smokers and 95 non-smokers)and 63 male first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia(22 smokers and 41 non-smokers)were collected.All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Results In chronic patients.the item scores of poor rapport and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers(3.9 ±1.5 vs.4.4±1.7;3.6±1.6 vs.4.0±1.7.respectively,P＜0.05),and so was the total scores of PANSS negative subscale(24.0±8.2 vs.26.3±9.5).In first-episode.drug-ndive patients.the itern scores of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significant lower in smokers than non-smokers(2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.3:2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.4,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion It is suggested there are positive effects of cigarette smoking on the psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia,which misht be one of the mechanisms for higher rates of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.     

档案工作者心理健康及其影响因素的研究

目的探讨档案工作者心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法随机抽取河北省部分在职档案工作者260人为调查对象，应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、防御方式问卷(DSQ)、生活事件量表(LES)等对他们进行测试。结果41．98％的档案工作者存在轻度的心理问题，存在中度及以上心理问题者占9．88％。除敌对性和人际关系敏感两项外，档案工作者SCL-90其它各因子分和阳性项目数均高于全国常模。家庭有关问题、工作学习问题、社交及其它问题、生活事件年心理紧张总值与SCL-90中各因子分和总分呈显著相关。心理障碍组的生活事件心理紧张总分明显高于对照组。档案工作者防御方式与SCL-90各因子分、总分和阳性项目数有不同程度的相关性，大部分相关性良好。调查显示，心理障碍组与对照组不成熟防御机制、成熟防御机制、中间型防御机制和掩饰4个因子分的差异性显著。回归分析显示：生活事件总分、不成熟防御机制、年龄、职务、负性生活事件、家庭生活事件、性别是影响档案工作者心理健康的主要因素。结论档案工作者的心理问题不容忽视，应加强其心理卫生保健工作。     

住院精神分裂症患者十年前后用药情况对比分析

目的对十年前后精神分裂症患者用药情况的变化进行调查分析.方法对十年前后两个五年段的各500份符合精神分裂症诊断标准的病历进行回顾性调查,并对各项指标进行对比分析.结果两组折算用药剂量经t检验差异无显著性(P>0.05);两组合并用药、合并抗胆碱药及疗效经χ2检验差异有显著性(P<0.01);十年后非典型抗精神病药物氯氮平在临床上的应用比例明显增大并上升为首位.结论十年前后两组抗精神病药的应用发生了明显变化,疗效好、副作用轻的非典型抗精神病药的应用比例明显增加.