女大学生痛经80例分析

1 临床资料 门诊女大学生痛经患80例,均系原发性痛经．年龄18～26岁．城市女生56例,占70％,农村女生24例,占30％．腹坠胀感52例,占65％;性情急躁16例,20％;下腹痛12例,占15％．性情急躁并下腹痛8例,占10%;腹坠胀感、性情急躁并下腹痛6例,占7．5％．对月经疼痛缺乏正确认识恐惧32例,占40%;经期进行剧烈运动66例,占82．5%;经期注意饮食调整,讲究膳食营养42例,占52．5％;     

Neonatal tracheal obstruction caused by aspiration of decidual tissue

We report a newborn female born at 29 weeks'gestation who was unable to be resuscitated following a vaginal breech delivery. At autopsy the larynx and trachea contained a 1.2 × 0.2 cm fragment of tissue. Microscopic sections of this tissue revealed it to consist of decidua. This is the first report in the literature of tracheal obstruction secondary to aspiration of decidua. The mechanism by which this tissue may have resulted in completed obstruction of the trachea is discussed.     

PSYCHIATRIC EVALUATION OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS SEROPOSITIVES IN ARMED FORCES

Fifty five Armed Forces personnel detected to be seropositives for human immunodeficiency virus were the subjects of the study. After baseline clinical evaluation, laboratory investigations and Centre for Disease Control classification, through a semistructured interview, their sexual orientation, behaviour and psychiatric morbidity were assessed. Sixtynine percent had another sexually transmitted disease as comorbidity. Heterosexual contact was responsible for the infection in 54 out of 55 subjects. Seven patients were freshly diagnosed to have psychiatric illness.KEY WORDS: Human immunodeficiency virus, Psychiatric morbidity, Sexual orientation     

Prevalence of Hearing Impairment and Hearing Complaints in Older Adults: A Study in General Practice

In one general practice, 660 people aged 60 years or over werescreened by means of pure tone audiometry and a specific questionnaireto assess the prevalence of hearing impairment and hearing complaints.Hearing impairment was defined as an average loss of 35 dB ormore in the 1, 2 and 4 kHz frequencies in one or both ears.In total, 37.4% (95% Cl, 33.3–41.1%) of the participantswas hearing impaired. The prevalence was higher in men (55.1%)than in women (44.9%) and clearly increased with age in bothsexes. The prevalence of hearing complaints in terms of hearingdifficulties and/or tinnitus, was 37.3% (95% Cl, 33.6–41.0%),and increased with age, especially in women. Of the subjectswith hearing impairment, 64.4% reported hearing complaints.Of the subjects without hearing impairment, 21.1% experiencedhearing complaints. This study suggests that screening olderadults with relatively simple methods, may identify a largeproportion of men and women in general practice with hearingproblems. Providing information to both patients and generalpractitioners about the possibilities of hearing improvementis a crucial step in making people become more aware of hearingproblems. This could ultimately lead to improvement of the qualityof life of older men and women with hearing problems.     

Risk factors for under-nutrition among children aged one to five years in Udupi taluk of Karnataka,India: A case control study

Background

Despite her apparent economic success, India is plagued by a high burden of under-nutrition among children under five. This study was aimed at understanding some of the risk factors for under-nutrition in a region with favourable maternal and child health indicators.

Method

A case control study was carried out among children aged one to five years attending the paediatric outpatient department in six rural health care centres in Udupi taluk of Karnataka in Southern India. A total of 162 children were included in the study, of which 56 were cases. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview the caregivers of the children and the nutritional status was graded according to the Indian Academy of Paediatrics (IAP) grading of protein-energy malnutrition.

Results

Under-nutrition was associated with illness in the last one month [OR– 4.78 (CI: 1.83 –12.45)], feeding diluted milk [OR–14.26 (CI: 4.65 – 43.68)] and having more than two children with a birth interval ≤2 years [OR– 4.93 (CI: 1.78 – 13.61)]. Lack of exclusive breast feeding, level of education of the caregiver and environmental factors like source of water did not have an association.

Conclusion

Childhood illness, short birth interval and consumption of diluted milk were some of the significant contributory factors noted among this population. Information, Education, Communication (IEC) campaigns alleviating food fads and promoting birth spacing is needed.     

已酮可可碱减少糖尿病肾病蛋白尿的作用

已酮可可(pentoxifyline,PTX)是一种非选择性的磷酸二酯酶掏剂.从上个世纪的70年代起,作为血管扩张剂用于冶疗间歇性跛行,后推广于动硬化、血栓形成、血管栓塞、糖尿病肾病变等箅管疾病.